Immunochemical evidence that cholesteryl ester transfer protein and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein share a similar tertiary structure

Abstract

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) plays an important role in plasma lipoprotein metabolism through its ability to transfer cholesteryl ester, triglyceride, and phospholipid between lipoproteins. CETP is a member of a gene family that also includes bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI). The crystal structure of BPI shows it to be composed of two domains that share a similar structural fold that includes an apolar ligand-binding pocket. As structurally important residues are conserved between BPI and CETP, it is thought that CETP and BPI may have a similar overall conformation. We have previously proposed a model of CETP structure based on the binding characteristics of anti-CETP monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). We now present a refined epitope map of CETP that has been adapted to a structural model of CETP that uses the atomic coordinates of BPI. Four epitopes composed of CETP residues 215–219, 219–223, 223–227, and 444–450, respectively, are predicted to be situated on the external surface of the central β-sheet and a fifth epitope (residues 225–258) on an extended linker that connects the two domains of the molecule. Three other epitopes, residues 317–331, 360–366, and 393–410, would form part of the putative carboxy-terminal β-barrel. The ability of the corresponding mAbs to compete for binding to CETP is consistent with the proximity of the respective epitopes in the model. These results thus provide experimental evidence that is consistent with CETP and BPI having similar surface topologies.