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Studies on the Palaeolithic Succession in England No. II. The Upper Brecklandian Acheul (Elveden)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 May 2014

T. T. Paterson  and
B. E. B. Fagg
T. T. Paterson
Affiliation:
University Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Cambridge
B. E. B. Fagg
Affiliation:
University Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Cambridge
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Extract

The excavations here under review were undertaken on behalf of the Cambridge University Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. We have to express our deep gratitude to the Earl of Iveagh, on whose estate the brickyard lies, for his kind permission to excavate and his generosity in providing the whole time services of two workmen during the seven weeks of the excavations. Mr Dow, the Estate Manager, was always a source of help and his interest was constantly a stimulation to effort throughout the work.

The Elveden brickyard began production in the late nineties primarily to supply material for the new Elveden Hall which was finished in 1900. So successful was the brickyard that it continued to be worked until the war of 1914–1918, when it finally fell into disuse. It was in the first three years of production 1897–1900, that the greatest number of specimens was found. The vast majority of specimens saved were bifaces of very obvious and attractive shape, for each of which there were probably discarded at least a hundred flakes, as well as cores.

The present condition of the brickyard bears full evidence of twenty-five years' neglect. Large silver birches and smaller trees and shrubs have grown in the pit and a large section of the cliff face has been overgrown with ferns and infested with rabbits. Much of the cliff surface has collapsed and there are spoil heaps in one or two places. The condition of the pit has in fact inhibited easy excavation except in the small areas which were actually dug.

Type
Research Article
Information
Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society , Volume 6 , July 1940 , pp. 1 - 29
Copyright
Copyright © The Prehistoric Society 1940

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References

page 4 note 1 The faunal assemblage has not yet been determined. The fossils are in the hands of Dr McFadyen.

page 6 note 1 The drawings are the work of Mrs Paterson, B.E.B.F. and T.T.P.

page 7 note 1 The word biface flake is used here to distinguish from the bifacial flake meaning a flake worked on both sides just like the biface itself.

page 8 note 1 The Sturge Collection, British Museum.

page 8 note 2 Ibid., no. 100.

page 16 note 1 P.P.S., 1937, p. 115Google Scholar, fig. 16 2.

page 16 note 2 The Sturge Collection, British Museum.

page 16 note 3 Ipswich Museum Collection, no. P.102.

page 20 note 1 de Terra, and Paterson, , Studies on the Ice Age in India. Carnegie Institution, 1939Google Scholar, no. 493.

page 21 note 1 It may be mentioned here that the plano-convex section seems to develop sooner in the south of England than elsewhere in Europe.

page 21 note 2 P.P.S., 1937, figs. 17 and 18, pp. 121, 122Google Scholar.

page 22 note 1 The cultural expresion Clacton is used here in the very broad ‘familial’ sense, the family Clacton including Levallois and Mousterian.

page 22 note 2 The Stone Age in India, by T. T. Paterson and H. J. H. Drummond.

page 22 note 3 Ibid., Paterson and Drummond.

page 23 note 1 Nature, May 13, 1939, p. 822Google Scholar.

page 23 note 2 This matter is fully discussed in No. III of this series of papers.

page 24 note 1 P.P.S.E.A., vol. V, pt. II (1927), p. 137Google Scholar.

page 24 note 2 G.S. 24387 and 24384.

page 24 note 3 Reid Moir, ibid., p. 153.

page 24 note 4 Ibid., p. 154, fig. 3c.

page 27 note 1 1 Fig. 16a, cf. fig. 6a; fig. 16b cf. fig. 7b; fig. 16e cf. fig. 7a; fig. 16d cf. fig. 6a.

page 27 note 2 Nos. a, b, e, g and i.

page 28 note 1 Nature, May 13, 1939, p. 822Google Scholar.

page 28 note 2 ‘Excavations at High Lodge. Summary of previous finds’, P.P.S.E.A., vol. III, pt. III (1921), p. 373Google Scholar.

page 29 note 1 Harrison, , P.P.S., 1938, p. 326Google Scholar.