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Eels, Beavers, and Horses: Human Niche Construction in the European Late Upper Palaeolithic

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 October 2017

Antony G. Brown ,
Laura S. Basell  and
Rebecca Farbstein
Antony G. Brown
Affiliation:
Palaeoenvironmental Laboratory University of Southampton (PLUS), Shackleton Building, Highfields Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJUK. Email: [email protected]
Laura S. Basell
Affiliation:
School of Natural & Built Environment, Queen’s University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland
Rebecca Farbstein
Affiliation:
Department of Archaeology, University of Southampton, Avenue Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ
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Abstract

This paper examines interactions between co-occupants of riverine niches in north-west Europe during the Late Upper Palaeolithic using both ecological and archaeological data. It is argued that consideration of both the Lateglacial record and autecology of eel, beaver and horse supports a reinterpretation of some famous but enigmatic panels of Magdalenian mobiliary art as representations of eel fishing, along with horse and beaver exploitation in disturbed riverine habitats. It is further suggested that this constitutes a humanly co-constructed niche in ecological, nutritional, and symbolic terms, which was also particularly advantageous for human well-being and social development in this time and place.

Résumé

Anguilles, castors et chevaux: Construction de niche humaine dans la deuxième partie du paléolithique supérieur européen, de Antony G. Brown, Laura S. Basell et Rebecca Farbstein

Cet article examine les intéractions entre les divers occupants de niches riveraines dans l’Europe du nord-ouest durant la deuxième partie du paléolithique supérieur final utilisant à la fois des données écologiques et archéologiques. On argumente que l’étude à la fois des récents vestiges de glaciation et de l’autécologie des anguilles, castors et chevaux donne du poids à une réinterprétation de certains célèbres, mais énigmatiques, panneaux d’art mobilier magdalénien comme représentation de pêche à l’anguille, au côté de l’exploitation de chevaux et de castors dans des habitats riverains perturbés. On propose, de plus, que ceci constitue une niche humaine co-construite en termes d’écologie, de nutrition et de symbole, qui était aussi particulièrement propice au bien-être et à l’avancement social en ce temps et lieu.

Zussamenfassung

Aale, Biber und Pferde: Die Bildung menschlicher Nischen im europäischen Späten Jungpaläolithikum, von Antony G. Brown, Laura S. Basell und Rebecca Farbstein

Dieser Beitrag untersucht Interaktionen zwischen den verschiedenen Nutzern ökologischer Nischen in Fließgewässerräumen in Nordwesteuropa im Späten Jungpaläolithikum auf Basis von sowohl ökologischen als auch archäologischen Daten. Es wird argumentiert, dass eine Berücksichtigung der Datenlage zum Spätglazial einerseits und der Autökologie von Aalen, Bibern und Pferden andererseits die Grundlagen für eine neue Interpretation einiger berühmter, aber rätselhafter Bilderreihen mobiler magdalenienzeitlicher Kunst liefert als Darstellungen von Aalfischerei sowie Ausbeutung von Pferden und Bibern in gestörten flussnahen Habitaten. Weiterhin wird erwogen, dass dies eine auch menschlich erzeugte Nische im ökologischen, diätischen und symbolischen Sinne war, die zudem besonders vorteilhaft für das menschliche Wohlergehen und die soziale Entwicklung zu dieser Zeit und in diesem Raum war.

Resumen

Anguilas, castores y caballos: construcciones de los nichos humanos en el Paleolítico Superior Final, por Antony G. Brown, Laura S. Basell y Rebecca Farbstein

En este artículo se examinan las interacciones entre los ocupantes de los nichos ribereños en el noroeste de Europa durante el Paleolítico Superior final, a partir de los datos ecológicos y arqueológicos. La documentación durante el último glacial y la ecología de poblaciones de algunas especies como la anguila, el castor y el caballo apoyan una reinterpretación de algunos famosos pero enigmáticos restos de arte mueble magdaleniense tales como representaciones de la pesca de la anguila y la explotación de caballos y castores en hábitats ribereños alterados. Se sugiere además que esto supone un nicho construido por parte de los seres humanos en términos ecológicos, nutricionales y simbólicos, lo que fue particularmente ventajoso para el bienestar humano y su desarrollo social en ese momento y entorno.

Keywords

niche construction theoryMagdaleniannutritionmobiliary artsedentism
Type
Articles
Information
Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society , Volume 83 , December 2017 , pp. 1 - 22
Copyright
© The Prehistoric Society 2017 

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