Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-02T22:34:10.278Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Early Iron Age Metalwork Hoard from Stanwick, N.R. Yorks

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 May 2014

Morna MacGregor
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Some time before 1845 a remarkable hoard of Early Iron Age metalwork, almost entirely in bronze, was accidentally discovered in the vicinity of the parish of Stanwick St John, North Riding of Yorkshire, and near the great earthworks of the same period later to be excavated by Sir Mortimer Wheeler. The hoard was presented to the British Museum in 1847, and though well known, has never been studied or published in its entirety, despite its importance in the history of Celtic art in Britain. The present paper essays such a full treatment, discussing first the complicated circumstances of the actual find-spot, the probable nature of the deposit, and its technological aspects. This is followed by a descriptive survey and analysis, and a catalogue with a full set of drawings by the writer. References in the text and footnotes are to the bibliography on pp. 55–8.

Type
Research Article
Information
Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society , Volume 28 , December 1962 , pp. 17 - 57
Copyright
Copyright © The Prehistoric Society 1962

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Alföldi, A. and Radnoti, A. 1937–1940. ‘Zügelringe und Zierbeschläge von Römischen Jochen und Kummeten aus Pannonien’, Vjesnik (1937–40), Serta Hoffileriana, pp. 309–19.Google Scholar
Allen, D. 1944. ‘The Belgic Dynasties of Britain and their Coins’, Arch., XC (1944), pp. 1–46.Google Scholar
Allen, R. (1904). Celtic Art in Pagan and Christian Times.Google Scholar
Allen, R. 1905. ‘Find of Late Celtic Bronze Objects at Seven Sisters, near Neath, Glam.’, Arch. Camb., V (1905), pp. 127–47.Google Scholar
Atkinson, D. 1916. The Romano-British Site on Lowbury Hill, Berks.Google Scholar
Atkinson, D. 1942. Report on Excavations at Wroxeter … (1923-7).Google Scholar
Atkinson, R. J. C. and Piggott, S. 1955. ‘The Torrs Chamfrein’, Arch., XCVI (1955), pp. 197–236.Google Scholar
Birley, E. 1937–1938. ‘Excavations at Birrens 1936–7: contribution on bronze objects by J. A. Stanfield’, PSAS, LXXII (1937–8), pp. 275–347.Google Scholar
Blair, R. 1883. ‘Horse Trappings from South Shields’, J. Brit. Arch. Assoc.; XXXIX (1883), p. 90.Google Scholar
Bruton, F. A. 1909. The Roman Fort at Manchester.Google Scholar
Bulleid, A. and Gray, H. ST. G. 1911. The Glastonbury Lake Village, vol. 1.Google Scholar
Bulleid, A. 1948. The Meare Lake Village, 2 vols.Google Scholar
Burley, E. 1955–1956. ‘A Catalogue and Survey of the Metalwork from Traprain Law’, PSAS, LXXXIX (1955–6). pp. 118–221.Google Scholar
Bushe-Fox, J. P. 1913. Excavations on the site of the Roman Town at Wroxeter, Shropshire, in 1912 (Rep. Research Committee Soc. Ant. Lond., 1).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bushe-Fox, J. P. 1928. Second Report on the Excavation of the Roman Fort at Richborough, Kent (Rep. Research Committee Soc. Ant. Lond., XVI).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bushe-Fox, J. P. 1949. Fourth Report on the Excavation of the Roman Fort at Richborough, Kent (Rep. Research Committee Soc. Ant. Lond., XVI).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carew, R. P. 1805. ‘Notice of some Antiquities discovered in Cornwall in the year 1793’, Arch., XVI (1805), pp. 137–8.Google Scholar
Cau-Durban, Abbé. 1882. ‘Cachette des Arz, Canton de Castillon, Ariège’, Matériaux pour l'Histoire Primitive et Naturelle de l'Homme, 2nd series, XIII (1882–3), pp. 212–13.Google Scholar
Chenet, M. G. (1919. ‘Rouelles de Plomb et Persistance d'Emploi des Rouelles Gauloises’, Bulletin Archéologique (1919), pp. 243–51.Google Scholar
Childe, V. G. 1935. The Prehistory of Scotland.Google Scholar
Cichorius, C. 1900. Das Reliefs der Traianssäule, 2 vols., 2 folders of plates.Google Scholar
Clarke, R. R. 1939. ‘The Iron Age in Norfolk and Suffolk’, Arch. J., XCVI (1939), pp. 1–113.Google Scholar
Clarke, R. R. 1951. ‘A Hoard of Metal Work of the Early Iron Age from Ringstead, Norfolk’, PPS, XVII (1951), pp. 214–25.Google Scholar
Clarke, R. R. 1954. ‘The Early Iron Age Treasure from Snettisham, Norfolk’, PPS, XX (1954), pp. 27–87.Google Scholar
Collingwood, , Bruce, J. 1880. A Descriptive Catalogue of the Antiquities in Alnwick Castle.Google Scholar
Corder, P. and Davies-Price, T. 1938. ‘Belgic and other early Pottery found at North Ferriby, Yorks., Ant. J., XVIII (1938), pp. 262–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corder, P. and Richmond, I. A. 1938. ‘A Romano-British Interment with Buckets and Sceptres from Brough, E. Yorks.’, Ant. J., XVIII (1938), pp. 68–74.Google Scholar
Corder, P. and Hawkes, C. F. C. 1940. ‘A Panel of Celtic Ornament from Elmswell, E. Yorks.’, Ant. J., XX (1940), pp. 338–57.Google Scholar
Couissin, P. 1926. Les Armes Romaines.Google Scholar
Cowen, J. D. 1933. ‘A cheek Ring of a Celtic Bit’, Proc. Soc. Ant. Newcastle, 4th series, VI (1933), pp. 223–4.Google Scholar
Curle, J. 1911. Newstead: a Roman Frontier Post and its People.Google Scholar
Curle, J. 1931–1932. ‘An Inventory of objects of Roman and Provincial Roman origin found on sites in Scotland not definitely associated with Roman constructions’, PSAS, XVI (1931–2), pp. 277–400.Google Scholar
Déchelette, J. 1903. ‘La Sépulture de Chassenard et les Coins Monetaires de Paray-le-Monial’, Revue Archéologique, 4th series, no. 1 (1903), pp. 235–58.Google Scholar
Déchelette, J. 1927. Manuel d'Archiologie Préhistorique, Celtique et Gallo-Romaine, IV.Google Scholar
Dickinson, C. and Wenham, P. 1957. ‘Discovery in the Roman Cemetery on the Mount’, YAJ, XXXIX, pt. II (1957), pp. 283–323.Google Scholar
Elgee, F. and H. W., 1932. Archaeology of Yorkshire.Google Scholar
Engelhardt, C. 1866. Denmark in the Early Iron Age.Google Scholar
Evans, J. 1881. The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons and Ornaments of Great Britain and Ireland.Google Scholar
Fell, C. 1936. ‘The Hunsbury Hill Fort, Northants.: a new survey of the Material’, Arch. J., XCIII (1936), pp. 57–100.Google Scholar
Fox, C. 1946. A find of the Early Iron Age from Llyn Cerrig Bach, Anglesey.Google Scholar
Fox, C. 1947. ‘An openwork bronze Disc in the Ashmolean Museum’, Ant. J., XXVII (1947), pp. 1–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fox, C. 1948a. ‘Celtic Mirror Handles in Britain’, Arch. Camb., vol. 100 (1948), pp. 24–44.Google Scholar
Fox, C. 1948b. ‘The incised ornament on the Celtic Mirror from Colchester, Essex’, Ant. J., XXVIII (1948), pp. 123–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fox, C. 1949. ‘A bronze Pole-sheath from the Charioteer's Barrow, Arras, Yorks.’, Ant. J., XXIX (1949), pp. 81–3.Google Scholar
Fox, C. 1950. ‘Two Celtic Bronzes from Lough Gur, Limerick, Ireland’, Ant. J., XXX (1950), pp. 190–2.Google Scholar
Fox, C. 1951. ‘The study of Early Celtic Metalwork in Britain’, British Assoc. Edinburgh Meeting: Presidential address, Section H, The Advancement of Science, no. 30.Google Scholar
Fox, C. 1958. Pattern and Purpose: a survey of Early Celtic Art in Britain.Google Scholar
Gray, H. ST. G. 1947. ‘The Excavations at Iwerne 1897’, Arch. J., CIV (1947), pp. 50–62.Google Scholar
Greenwell, W. 1894. ‘Antiquities of the Bronze Age found in Heathery Burn Cave, County Durham’, Arch., LIV, pt. 1 (1894), pp. 88–112.Google Scholar
Greenwell, W. 1906. ‘Early Iron Age Burials in Yorkshire’, Arch., LX (1906), pp. 251–324.Google Scholar
Grimes, W. F. 1951. The Prehistory of Wales.Google Scholar
Harford, C. J. 1803. ‘An account of some Antiquities discovered on the Quantock Hills in Somersetshire’, Arch., XIV (1803), pp. 94–8.Google Scholar
Harrod, H. 1855. ‘On Horse Trappings found at Westhall’, Arch., XXXVI, pt. 11 (1855), pp. 454–6.Google Scholar
Hawkes, C. F. C. and Hull, M. R. 1947. Camulodunum (Rep. Research Committee Soc. Ant. Lond., XIV).Google Scholar
Henry, F. 1933. ‘Emailleurs d'Occident’, Préhistoire, vol. II (1933), pp. 65–146.Google Scholar
Hodgkin, T. (1903) ‘Excavations on the line of the Roman Wall in Northumberland’, Arch. Ael., XXIV (1903), pp. 1–64.Google Scholar
Jacobsthal, P. 1944. Early Celtic Art., 2 vols.Google Scholar
Joffroy, R. 1958. Les Sépultures à char du premier âge defer en France.Google Scholar
Joffroy, R. and Bretz-Mahler, D. 1959. ‘Les Tombes à char de la Tène dans l'est de France’, Gallia, XVII, Fasc. 1 (1959), pp. 5–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kemble, J. M. 1863. Horae Ferales.Google Scholar
Kendrick, T. D. 1951. ‘British Museum and British Antiquities’, Mus. J. (Sept., 1951), pp. 139–49.Google Scholar
Kilbride-Jones, H. E. 1934–1935. ‘An Aberdeenshire Miscellany, pt. n: bronze Terret from Rhynie and distribution of the type’, PSAS, LXIX (1934–5), pp. 448–53.Google Scholar
Klindt-Jensen, O. 1949. ‘Foreign influences in Denmark's Early Iron Age’, Acta Arch., XX (1949), pp. 1–229.Google Scholar
Laver, P. G. 1927. ‘The Excavation of a Tumulus at Lexden, Colchester’, Arch., LXXVI (1927), pp. 241–54.Google Scholar
Leeds, E. T. 1933. Celtic Ornament.Google Scholar
Lethbridge, T. C. 1952. ‘Burial of an Iron Age Warrior at Snailwell’, CAS, XLVII (1952), pp. 25–37.Google Scholar
MacLauchlan, H. 1849. ‘On the Roman Roads, Camps and other Earthenworks between the Tees and the Swale in the North Riding of the County of York’, Arch. J., VI (1849), pp. 335–51.Google Scholar
Marien, M. E. 1958. Trouvailles du Champ d'Urnes et des Tombelles Hallstattiennes de Court-Saint-Étienne.Google Scholar
Miller, S. N. 1922. The Roman Fort at Balmuildy.Google Scholar
Mortimer, J. R. 1905. Forty Years Researches in British and Saxon Burial Mounds of East Yorkshire.Google Scholar
Munro, R. 1882. Ancient Scottish Lake Dwellings or Crannogs.Google Scholar
Nash Williams, E. V. 1930. The Roman Legionary Fortress of Caerleon.Google Scholar
Piggott, S. 1950. ‘Swords and Scabbards of the British Early Iron Age’, PPS, XVI (1950), pp. 1–28.Google Scholar
Piggott, S. 1952–1953. ‘Three Metal-work Hoards of the Roman period from Southern Scotland’, PSAS, LXXXVII (1952–3), pp. 1–50.Google Scholar
Piggott, S. 1957–1958. ‘Excavations at Braidwood Fort, Midlothian and Craig's Quarry, Dirleton, East Lothian’, PSAS, XCI (1957–8), pp. 61–77.Google Scholar
Powell, T. G. E. 1958. The Celts.Google Scholar
PRUDHOE, later Duke of Northumberland. 1846. ‘Report on the discovery of the Stanwick deposit’, Proc. Arch. Inst., York. (1846), pp. 10–11, pls. 2–4.Google Scholar
Randall-Maciver, D. 1924. Villanovans and early Etruicans.Google Scholar
Reinach, S. 1909–1912. Répertoire de la Statuaire grecque et romaine.Google Scholar
Richmond, I. A. 1958. ed. Roman and Native in North Britain.Google Scholar
Robertson, A. S. 1957. An Antonine Fort: an account of Excavations carried out at Golden Hill, Duntocher, Dumbarton.Google Scholar
Sheppard, T. 1907. ‘Note on a British Chariot Burial at Hunmanby’, YAJ, XIX (1907), pp. 482–8.Google Scholar
Sheppard, T. 1941. ‘The Parc-y-Meirch Hoard’, Arch. Comb., XCVI (1941), pp. 1–10.Google Scholar
Smith, J. A. 1880–1881. ‘Notice of a massive bronze Late Celtic Armlet and two small Objects of bronze (Horse Trappings) found with a Roman bronze Patella at Stanhope, Peebles’, PSAS, XV (1880–1), pp. 316–54.Google Scholar
Smith, R. A. 1907. ‘Timekeepers of the Ancient Britons’, Proc. Soc. Ant. Lond., 2nd series, XXI (1906–7), pp. 319–34.Google Scholar
Smith, R. A. 1909. ‘A Hoard of metal found at Santon Downham, Suffolk’, CAS, XIII (1909), pp. 146–63.Google Scholar
Smith, R. A. 1913–1914. ‘Note on a Grave Deposit from Letchworth, Herts.’, Proc. Soc. Ant. Lond., 2nd series, XXX (1913–14), pp. 239–40.Google Scholar
Smith, R. A. 1917–1918. ‘Specimens from the Layton Collection in Brentford Public Library’, Arch., LXIX (1917–18), pp. 1–30.Google Scholar
Smith, R. A. 1925. British Museum Guide to the Early Iron Age Antiquities.Google Scholar
Smyth, W. H. 1846. ‘On some Roman Vestigia recently found at Kirkby Thore in Westmorland’, Arch., XXX (1846), pp. 279–80.Google Scholar
Stead, I. 1959. ‘A Chariot Burial on Pexton Moor, N.R. Yorks.’, Ant., no. 131 (Sept., 1959), pp. 214–16.Google Scholar
Stillingfleet, E. W. 1846. ‘Account of the opening of some Barrows on the Wolds of Yorkshire’, Proc. Arch. Inst. York (1846), pp. 28–32.Google Scholar
Ure, D. 1793. History of Kilbride and Rutherglen.Google Scholar
Vouga, P. 1923. La Tène.Google Scholar
Ward-Perkins, J. B. 1939. ‘Iron Age metal horses' Bits from the British Isles’, PPS, V (1939), pp. 173–92.Google Scholar
Ward-Perkins, J. B. 1940. ‘Two early Linch pins from Kings Langley, Herts, and from Tiddington, Stratford-on-Avon’, Ant. J., XX (1940), pp. 358–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ward-Perkins, J. B. 1941 ‘An Iron Age Linch Pin of Yorkshire type from Cornwall’, Ant. J., XXI (1941), pp. 64–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wheeler, R. E. M. 1923. Segontium and the Roman Occupation of Wales.Google Scholar
Wheeler, R. E. M. 1943. Maiden Castle (Rep. Research Committee Soc. Ant. Lond., XII).Google Scholar
Wheeler, R. E. M. 1954. The Stanwick Fortifications (Rep. Research Committee Soc. Ant. Lond., XVII).Google Scholar
Wheeler, R. E. M. and Wheeler, T. V. 1932. Report on the Excavation of the Prehistoric, Roman and Post-Roman site in Lydney Park, Glos. (Rep. Research Committee Soc. Ant. Lond., IX).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, D. 1851. Archaeology and Prehistoric Annals of Scotland.Google Scholar
Wooler, E. 1909–1910. ‘Second Country Meeting of the Season’, Proc. Soc. Ant. Newcastle, IV (1909–10), pp. 70–1.Google Scholar