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Micronutrients and ageing: intakes and requirements

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2007

Marie-Jeanne Richard  and
Anne-Marie Roussel
Marie-Jeanne Richard*
Affiliation:
LBSO, Biochimie C, Hopital Albert Michallon, BP217 X, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
Anne-Marie Roussel
Affiliation:
LBSO, Biochimie C, Hopital Albert Michallon, BP217 X, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
*
*Corresponding Author: Dr Marie-Jeanne Richard, fax +33 4 76 76 56 64, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Ageing (and related diseases) may be described as a process which results from impaired immunological, genetic, neurological or endocrinological functions. Oxidative mechanisms may play an important role in the ageing process. It is important, therefore, to emphasize the relationship between health and nutrition in the elderly, particularly with regard to antioxidant micronutrient requirements. Indeed, accelerated ageing may be related to a deficit in the intakes of antioxidant vitamins (tocopherols, carotenoids and vitamin C) and trace elements (Zn and Se), as well as to an impaired adaptative mechanism against oxidative stress. Physiological modifications occurring during the lifetime and environmental influences are significant factors contributing to the impairment of micronutrient status, and these factors have to be considered when defining the specific requirements of the elderly. For Fe there is no evidence of benefit of supplementation in healthy subjects, but in the present state of knowledge combined supplementation, including Zn, Se, vitamins C and E and carotenoids, could be the best way to prevent accelerated ageing and reduce the risk of several common age-related diseases. Résumé De nombreuses théories (immunologique, génétique et neuroendocrinologique) ont été proposées pour expliquer les processus de vieillissement et les pathologies qui s’y rapportent. Les mécanismes oxydatifs pourraient contribuer à ces processus et plus particulièrement à leur accélération. La théorie radicalaire repose sur une modification avec l’âge du rapport prooxydants ou antioxydants dû à une majoration des processus oxydatifs accompagnés d’une diminution des systèmes de défense subséquentes à une carence en un ou plusieurs micronutriments antioxydants. Les modifications physiologiques qui accompagnent le vieillisement et une alimentation sélective contribuent aux modifications d’apport et d’absorption des micronutriments. Ces altérations sont accentuées lors de pathologies chroniques. Il n’existe pas de réel consensus sur les recommandations d’apports en oligoéléments adaptés au sujet âgé. Néanmoins les études récentes montrent qu’une association zinc, sélénium, vitamines antioxydantes (vitamines A et E et caroténodes) pourrait être le moyen le plus efficace de lutte contre les pathologies du grand âge et également de prévention du vieillissement accéléré.

Keywords

AgeingAntioxidantsMicronutrients
Type
Symposium on ‘Functionality of nutrients and food safety’
Information
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 58 , Issue 3 , August 1999 , pp. 573 - 578
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1999

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