Dietary targets are set for monitoring within the general population but they can provide a useful indication of the proportion of individuals meeting the dietary targets, as well as whether individuals are achieving a combination of the targets. The aim of the present study was to estimate the proportion of children in Scotland with intakes meeting the dietary targets of ⩽35% food energy from total fat, ⩽11% food energy from SFA and ⩽10% total energy (⩽11% food energy) from non-milk extrinsic sugar (NMES) as set out in the Scottish Diet Action Plan(1).
The Survey of Sugar Intake among Children in Scotland(2) conducted in 2006 assessed the dietary intake of a national sample of children across Scotland using a 140-item FFQ. The survey achieved a response rate of 67%, with usable data for 1391 children aged 317 years. Dietary data were used to estimate the percentage of children meeting dietary targets for total fat, SFA and NMES intake.
As a population these children achieved the dietary target for total fat, but approximately one-third of children had intakes >35% energy from total fat (see Table). Only 10% of children met the targets for either SFA or NMES. There was no difference between boys and girls in the percentage meeting these targets. Younger children (3–11years) were more likely than older children (12–17 years) to meet targets for NMES (12.3% v. 7.2%; P=0.02) but less likely to meet targets for SFA (7.5% v. 14.3%; P<0.001). Of the children 59% met only one of the dietary targets and <2% of children met all three dietary targets. All the children that met the target for SFA also met the target for total fat intake, but only 15% of those who met the total fat target also met the SFA target. A subsample of 156 children also completed a diet diary, which supported these findings and provided examples of the types of meals eaten across the day that achieved the targets.
Only a very small proportion of children met all three dietary targets and it is likely that this proportion would reduce further if other dietary targets were added (e.g. salt, complex carbohydrates). To ensure a healthy balanced diet it is important not to consider the dietary targets in isolation. In terms of the health of a nation future monitoring should take into account the intake of combined nutrients by individuals in addition to assessing the population mean for each nutrient. The fact that all the children that meet the SFA target also met the target for total fat has implications for simplifying healthy eating advice to focus on SFA rather than total fat.
Work funded by the Food Standards Agency, Scotland.
