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Multiplicity of Galactic Luminous Blue Variable stars

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 August 2024

Laurent Mahy Open the ORCID record for Laurent Mahy [Opens in a new window] ,
Cyprien Lanthermann Open the ORCID record for Cyprien Lanthermann [Opens in a new window] ,
Eric Gosset ,
Damien Hutsemékers ,
Jacques Kluska ,
Alex Lobel ,
Maddalena Reggiani  and
Hugues Sana Open the ORCID record for Hugues Sana [Opens in a new window]
Laurent Mahy*
Affiliation:
Royal Observatory of Belgium, Avenue Circulaire/Ringlaan 3, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium
Cyprien Lanthermann
Affiliation:
The CHARA Array of Georgia State University, Mount Wilson Observatory, Mount Wilson, CA 91023, USA
Eric Gosset
Affiliation:
Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) Institute, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août, 19c, Bât B5c, 4000 Liège, Belgium
Damien Hutsemékers
Affiliation:
Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) Institute, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août, 19c, Bât B5c, 4000 Liège, Belgium
Jacques Kluska
Affiliation:
Institute of Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
Alex Lobel
Affiliation:
Royal Observatory of Belgium, Avenue Circulaire/Ringlaan 3, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium
Maddalena Reggiani
Affiliation:
Institute of Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
Hugues Sana
Affiliation:
Institute of Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
*
email: [email protected]
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Abstract

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Luminous Blue Variable stars (LBVs) are rare and enigmatic. Often cited as evolutionary stages in the single-star evolution, the idea that binary evolution produces the LBV state was already considered, 30 years ago.

It is now commonly accepted that a significant part of massive stars are born in multiple systems. One aspect that also emerged is that massive stars have on average at least two companions, i.e. they are triples. This immediately implies that a number of LBVs should have evolved as part of multiple systems.

While some LBVs are confirmed as binaries, different methods were used to derive their multiplicity, with different results. We report on a systematic search for multiplicity using spectroscopy, interferometry in a sample of 20 LBVs. Spectroscopy provides us with a bias-corrected binary fraction of $\[62_{ - 24}^{ + 38}\]$%, and a percentage of 50–70% is found from interferometry. This has a high impact on the way that these objects might be formed.

Keywords

stars: variables: S Doradusstars: evolutionbinaries: generalstars: massiveAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Type
Contributed Paper
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 18 , Symposium S361: Massive Stars Near and Far , May 2022 , pp. 273 - 278
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Astronomical Union

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