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The effect of winds in red supergiants: modeling for interferometry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 August 2023

Gemma González-Torà Open the ORCID record for Gemma González-Torà [Opens in a new window] ,
Markus Wittkowski Open the ORCID record for Markus Wittkowski [Opens in a new window] ,
Ben Davies  and
Bertrand Plez
Gemma González-Torà
Affiliation:
European Southern Observatory (ESO), Karl Schwarzschildstrasse 2, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, United Kingdom
Markus Wittkowski
Affiliation:
European Southern Observatory (ESO), Karl Schwarzschildstrasse 2, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
Ben Davies
Affiliation:
Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, United Kingdom
Bertrand Plez
Affiliation:
LUPM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34095 Montpellier, France
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Abstract

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Red supergiants (RSGs) are evolved massive stars in a stage preceding core-collapse supernova. Understanding evolved-phases of these cool stars is key to understanding the cosmic matter cycle of our Universe, since they enrich the cosmos with newly formed elements. However, the physical processes that trigger mass loss in their atmospheres are still not fully understood, and remain one of the key questions in stellar astrophysics. We use a new method to study the extended atmospheres of these cold stars, exploring the effect of a stellar wind for both a simple radiative equilibrium model and a semi-empirical model that accounts for a chromospheric temperature structure. We then can compute the intensities, fluxes and visibilities matching the observations for the different instruments at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). Specifically, when comparing with the atmospheric structure of HD 95687 based on published VLTI/AMBER data, we find that our model can accurately match these observations in the K-band, showing the enormous potential of this methodology to reproduce extended atmospheres of RSGs.

Keywords

stars: atmospheresstars: massivestars: evolutionstars: fundamental parametersstars: mass-losssupergiants
Type
Contributed Paper
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 17 , Symposium S370: Winds of Stars and Exoplanets , August 2021 , pp. 72 - 77
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Astronomical Union

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