Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T13:23:04.295Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

RE-DESIGN OF A MOTORCYCLE HELMET FOR USE IN URBAN TRAFFIC: CONCEPTUAL DESIGN AND TESTING

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2021

Joanna Papadopoulou ,
Vassilis Papakostopoulos  and
Vassilis C. Moulianitis
Joanna Papadopoulou*
Affiliation:
University of the Aegean, Department of Product and Systems Design Engineering
Vassilis Papakostopoulos
Affiliation:
University of the Aegean, Department of Product and Systems Design Engineering
Vassilis C. Moulianitis
Affiliation:
University of the Aegean, Department of Product and Systems Design Engineering
*
Papadopoulou, Joanna, University of the Aegean, Department of Product and Systems Design Engineering, Greece, [email protected]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

This paper presents the re-design approach of an urban motorcycle helmet to prevent users bypassing the strap fastening system. Related studies show that although a full-face helmet provides the maximum protection to a rider, in practice, full-face helmeted riders in urban traffic tend to improperly fasten it. On that notion, the design goal was to conceive a helmet that combines the advantages of different helmet types while responding to urban driving needs. During design ideation possible solutions were examined focusing on different ways of accessing and fixating the helmet on a rider’s head, without using a strap fastening system. Preliminary concept development produced three design concepts, that were evaluated using two sets of prototypes: (a) the 3D printing method under a 1:2 scale was used to detect any design faults, while the 3D modeled concepts were evaluated in four different crash impacts regarding total deformation and von-Mises stress, and (b) 1:1 models of the three concepts were used by experienced riders to assess possible usability issues during helmet placement/removal. Results of the two-phase evaluation of the three concepts and design issues for further development of them are discussed.

Keywords

Conceptual designEarly design phasesUser centred design3D printingFunctional modelling
Type
Article
Information
Proceedings of the Design Society , Volume 1: ICED21 , August 2021 , pp. 2531 - 2540
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

References

Dieter, G.E. and Schmidt, L.C. (2013), Engineering Design, McGraw-Hill, New York.Google Scholar
Esmaeilikia, M., Radun, I., Grzebieta, R. and Olivier, J. (2019), “Bicycle helmets and risky behaviour: A systematic review”, Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, Vol. 60, pp. 299–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2018.10.026CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freitas, C.A., Furtado, A.M., Petterle, R.R., Pimentel, S.K. and Carvalho, F.H. (2018), “Helmet retention system types as a risk factor to properly attach the chin strap”, Traffic Injury Prevention, Vol. 19 No. 2, pp. 173–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2017.1356022CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hung, D.V., Stevenson, M.R. and Ivers, R.Q. (2008), “Barriers to, and factors associated, with observed motorcycle helmet use in Vietnam”, Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 40 No. 4, pp. 1627–1633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2008.05.002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jung, S., Xiao, Q. and Yoon, Y. (2013), “Evaluation of motorcycle safety strategies using the severity of injuries”, Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 59, pp. 357–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.06.030CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khan, I., Khan, A., Aziz, F., Islam, M. and Shafqat, S. (2008), “Factors associated with helmet use among motorcycle users in Karachi, Pakistan”, Academic Emergency Medicine, Vol. 15 No. 4, pp. 384–387. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2008.00049.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kim, S., Ro, Y.S., Shin, S.D., Song, K.J., Hong, K.J. and Jeong, J. (2018), “Preventive effects of motorcycle helmets on intracranial injury and mortality from severe road traffic injuries”, American Journal of Emergency Medicine, Vol. 36 No. 2, pp. 173–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2017.07.044CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kulanthayan, S., Umar, R.S., Hariza, H.A. and Nasir, M.T. (2001), “Modeling of compliance behavior of motorcyclists to proper usage of safety helmets in Malaysia”, Journal of Crash Prevention and Injury Control, Vol. 2 No. 3, pp. 239–246. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286580108902568CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, L.P., Li, G.L., Cai, Q.E., Zhang, A.L. and Lo, S.K. (2008), “Improper motorcycle helmet use in provincial areas of a developing country”, Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 40 No. 6, pp. 1937–1942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2008.06.019CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lin, M.R. and Kraus, J.F. (2009), “A review of risk factors and patterns of motorcycle injuries”, Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 41 No. 4, pp. 710–722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.03.010CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Otte, D. (1991), “Technical demands on safety in the design of crash helmets for biomechanical analysis of real accident situations”, SAE Technical Paper, No. 912911, p. 15. https://doi.org/10.4271/912911CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ouellet, J.V. (2011), “Helmet use and risk compensation in motorcycle accidents”, Traffic Injury Prevention, Vol. 12 No. 1, pp. 71–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2010.529974CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pahl, G., Beitz, W., Feldhusen, J. and Grote, K.-H. (2007). Engineering design: Α systematic approach, Springer-Verlag, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pheasant, S. (1990), Anthropometrics: An Introduction, British Standards Institution, London.Google Scholar
Ramli, R., Oxley, J., Hillard, P., Mohd Sadullah, A.F. and McClure, R. (2014), “The effect of motorcycle helmet type, components and fixation status on facial injury in Klang Valley, Malaysia: A case control study”, BMC Emergency Medicine, Vol. 14, p. 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-227X-14-17CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ramli, R. and Oxley, J. (2016), “Motorcycle helmet fixation status is more crucial than helmet type in providing protection to the head”, Injury, Vol. 47 No. 11, pp. 2442–2449. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2016.09.022CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saunders, R.N., Witte, A.B., Adams, N.S., Dull, M.B., Davis, A.T., Gibson, C.J., Iskander, G.A., Rodriguez, C.H., Cohle, S.D. and Chapman, A.J. (2020), “Does the repeal of mandatory motorcycle safety legislation affect the deaths of motorcyclists? An autopsy-based study evaluating the impact of Michigan's universal helmet law repeal on immediately fatal motorcycle crashes”, The American Surgeon, Vol. 86 No. 4, pp. 205–207. https://doi.org/10.1177/000313482008600415CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Skalkidou, A., Petridou, E., Papadopoulos, F.C., Dessypris, N. and Trichopoulos, D. (1999), “Factors affecting motorcycle helmet use in the population of greater Athens, Greece”, Injury Prevention, Vol. 5 No. 4, pp. 264–267. http://doi.org/10.1136/ip.5.4.264CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Suh, N.P. (1990), The principles of design, Oxford University Press, New York.Google Scholar
Sung, K.M., Noble, J., Kim, S.C., Jeon, H.J., Kim, J.Y., Do, H.H., Park, S.O., Lee, K.R. and Baek, K.J. (2016), “The preventive effect of head injury by helmet type in motorcycle crashes: A rural Korean single-center observational study”, BioMed Research International, Vol. 2016, p. 1849134. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1849134CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thai, K.T., McIntosh, A.S. and Pang, T.Y. (2015), “Factors affecting motorcycle helmet use: Size selection, stability, and position”, Traffic Injury Prevention, Vol. 16 No. 3, pp. 276–282. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2014.934366CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsai, Y.J., Wang, J.D. and Huang, W.F. (1995), “Case-control study of the effectiveness of different types of helmets for the prevention of head injuries among motorcycle riders in Taipei, Taiwan”, American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 142 No. 9, pp. 974–981. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117746CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ullman, D.G. (2002), The mechanical design process, McGraw Hill, New YorkGoogle Scholar
World Health Organization (2018), Global status report on road safety 2018, World Health Organization, Geneva.Google Scholar
Yu, W.Y., Chen, C.Y., Chiu, W.T. and Lin, M.R. (2011), “Effectiveness of different types of motorcycle helmets and effects of their improper use on head injuries”, International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 40 No. 3, pp. 794–803. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyr040CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed