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The Rio Declaration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2017

Howard Mann
Howard Mann*
Affiliation:
Environment Canada Legal Services, Ottawa
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Abstract

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Type
Issues Relating To The 1992 Brazil Conference On The Environment
Information
Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting , Volume 86 , 1992 , pp. 405 - 414
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 1988

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References

1 Mr. Mann is speaking in his personal capacity only; views expressed do not necessarily represent the views of the Government of Canada, Environment Canada, or any agency thereof.

2 tockholm Declaration on The Human Environment (1972), UN Doc. A/Conf.48/14/Rev. 1 (1972), reprinted in 11 ILM 1416 (1972)

3 UN Doc. A/Res./37/7 (1982).

4 Veit Koester, From Stockholm to Brundtland, 20/1/2 ENVTL. POLY & L. 14, at 15 (1990).

5 UN Doc. A/Res./29/3281 (1974). The Resolution was adopted by a vote of 120-6-10. Reprinted, with the voting record, in 14 ILM 262 et seq. (1975).

6 UN Doc. A/Res./41/128 (1986).

7 Supra note 6, art. 30.

8 The World Commission On Environment And Development, Our Common Future (1987). The Legal Principles Can Be Found At Annex I. A Full Review And Discussion Of The Legal Views That Formed The Basis Of The Proposed Legal Principles Can Be Found In R. D. Munro & J. G. Lammers, Environmental Protection And Sustainable Development: Legal Principles And Recommendations (1987).

9 Peter H. Sand, International Law On The Agenda Of The 1992 “Earth Summit", 3 Colo. J. Intl Envtl. L. & Poly 343 (1992).

10 Our Common Future, Supra Note 8, At 332-33.

11 UN Doc. A/Res.44/228, part I, ¶15(d) (1989).

12 Un Doc. A/Conf.L51/Pc/L.31, Annex (1991)

13 Un Doc. A/Conf.L51/Pc/Wg.Iii.2 (1991). See Also Un Doc. A/Conf.L51/Pc/78 (1991).

14 UN Doc. A/Conf.l51/PC/WG.III/L.6 (1991); UN Doc. A/Conf.l51/PC/WG.IIl/L.5 (1991). An explanatory note containing the Canadian views on, and hopes for, an Earth Charter is included.

15 UN Doc. A/Conf.l51/PC/WG.III/L.8/Rev.l (1991).

16 UN Doc. A/Conf.l51/PC/WG.IlI/L.20 (1992); revised Canadian draft, UN Doc. A/Conf.l51/PC/ WG.1II/L.23 (1992). In the same series, other proposals submitted included United States of America (L.21); Japan (L.22); Australia (L.24); The European Community (L.25); Argentina (L.26); Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Sweden (L.27); and a proposal for a preamble prepared by NGO representatives and submitted by the United Kingdom and Denmark (L.28).

17 UN Doc. A/Conf.l51/PC/WG.III/L.33/Rev.l (1991).

18 For A Comparison Of These Two Documents From This Perspective See Alexandre Kiss & Dinah Shelton, International Environmental Law Lof (1991).

19 See Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee for a Framework Convention on Climate Change, Fifth Session, Revised Text Under Negotiation, Section II, Principles. UN Doc. A/AC.237/Misc.20 (1992). The entire section remains in brackets due to debate over the need for such a section. In addition, even where brackets are absent, few of the proposed paragraphs have achieved any consensus.

20 20These four factors are all included as developmental concerns in the UN Declaration on the Right to Development, supra note 6.