It’s Hot Today, Eh? Montreal’s 2018 Heat Wave from Urgences-santé’s Perspective

Abstract

Introduction:

A heatwave hit the Greater Montreal area during the week of July 1 to July 8. The Urgences-santé Corporation (USC), Quebec’s largest emergency medical service (EMS), saw its crews struggling to respond to a record-breaking number of emergency calls while going door-to-door to make sure the at-risk population was not overburdened by the heat.

Aim:

USC’s mission was to ensure its population’s emergency medical care and safety under extenuating conditions. In conjunction with our municipal partners and the public health services, we deployed an aggressive communication strategy, urging people to only call 911 in the case of a life-threatening emergency, with the aim of limiting ambulance transports.

Methods:

Ambulance resources were increased (> 20% compared to the same period in 2017). More than 60 media interviews were given. Paramedic supervisors were sent to emergency departments to contain the offload delays. USC’s community response team was going door-to-door in pre-identified urban heat islands (UHI), bringing medical attention directly to those in need.

Results:

Despite our communications efforts, a record-breaking 1,568 calls (> 37% compared to the same period in 2017) were received in a 24 hour period. Through the door-to-door campaign, 12 people in need received medical attention. More than 90 people are suspected to have died as a result of a July heat wave in Quebec, with figures showing that 60 deaths in the cities of Montreal and Laval alone may be linked to elevated temperatures.

Discussion:

Through strong collaboration with our municipal and provincial partners, and the public health services, an important communication strategy and additional resources were deployed. Crews were able to prevent additional deaths. With the observed increase in extreme weather events, this strategy will definitely be useful in the future.