Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T20:46:23.340Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Clinical Skill and Knowledge Requirements of Health Care Providers Caring for Children in Disaster, Humanitarian and Civic Assistance Operations: An Integrative Review of the Literature

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 November 2012

Heather L. Johnson ,
Susan W. Gaskins  and
Diane C. Seibert
Heather L. Johnson*
Affiliation:
The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Graduate School of Nursing, Bethesda, Maryland USA
Susan W. Gaskins
Affiliation:
The University of Alabama, Capstone College of Nursing, Tuscaloosa, Alabama USA
Diane C. Seibert
Affiliation:
The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Graduate School of Nursing, Bethesda, Maryland USA
*
Correspondence: Lt Col Heather L. Johnson Graduate School of Nursing The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences 4301 Jones Bridge Rd. Bethesda, MD 20814 USA E-mail [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Introduction

Military health care providers (HCPs) have an integral role during disaster, humanitarian, and civic assistance (DHCA) missions. Since 50% of patients seen in these settings are children, military providers must be prepared to deliver this care.

Purpose

The purpose of this systematic, integrative review of the literature was to describe the knowledge and clinical skills military health care providers need in order to provide care for pediatric outpatients during DHCA operations.

Data Sources

A systematic search protocol was developed in conjunction with a research librarian. Searches of PubMed and CINAHL were conducted using terms such as Disaster*, Geological Processes, and Military Personnel. Thirty-one articles were included from database and manual searches.

Conclusions

Infectious diseases, vaccines, malnutrition, sanitation and wound care were among the most frequently mentioned of the 49 themes emerging from the literature. Concepts included endemic, environmental, vector-borne and vaccine-preventable diseases; enhanced pediatric primary care; and skills and knowledge specific to disaster, humanitarian and civic assistance operations.

Implications for Practice

The information provided is a critical step in developing curriculum specific to caring for children in DHCA. While the focus was military HCPs, the knowledge is easily translated to civilian HCPs who provide care to children in these situations.

JohnsonHL, GaskinsSW, SeibertDC. Clinical Skill and Knowledge Requirements of Health Care Providers Caring for Children in Disaster, Humanitarian and Civic Assistance Operations: An Integrative Review of the Literature. Prehosp Disaster Med.2013;28(1):1-8.

Keywords

childrenclinical skilldisasterhumanitarianmilitary
Type
Comprehensive Review
Information
Prehospital and Disaster Medicine , Volume 28 , Issue 1 , February 2013 , pp. 61 - 68
Copyright
Copyright © World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Drifmeyer, J, Llewellyn, C. Military training and humanitarian and civic assistance. Mil Med. 2004;169(1):23-29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2.Bourdeaux, ME, Lawry, L, Bonventre, EV, Burkle, FM Jr. Involvement of the US Department of Defense in Civilian Assistance, Part I: a quantitative description of the projects funded by the Overseas Humanitarian, Disaster, and Civic Aid Program. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2010;4(1):66-73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Fernald, JP, Clawson, EA. The mobile army surgical hospital humanitarian assistance mission in Pakistan: the primary care experience. Mil Med. 2007;172(5):471-477.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4.Creamer, KM, Edwards, MJ, Shields, CH, Thompson, MW, Yu, CE, Adelman, W. Pediatric wartime admissions to US military combat support hospitals in Afghanistan and Iraq:lLearning from the first 2,000 admissions. J Trauma. 2009;67(4):762-768.Google Scholar
5.Gnauck, KA, Nufer, KE, LaValley, JM, Crandall, CS, Craig, FW, Wilson-Ramirez, GB. Do pediatric and adult disaster victims differ? A descriptive analysis of clinical encounters from four natural disaster DMAT deployments. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2007;22(1):67-73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6.Almonte, AL. Humanitarian nursing challenges: a grounded theory study. Mil Med. 2009;174(5):479-485.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7.Slepski, LA. Emergency preparedness and professional competency among health care providers during hurricanes Katrina and Rita: pilot study results. Disaster Manag Response. 2007;5(4):99-110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8United States Department of Health and Human Services. National Commission on Children and Disasters: 2010 Report to the President and Congress. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2010: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/ohsepr/nccdreport/index.html. Accessed January 30, 2012.Google Scholar
9.Institute of Medicine (IOM). Guidance for Establishing Crisis Standards of Care for Use in Disaster Situations: A Letter Report. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press; 2009: http://www.iom.edu/Reports/2009/DisasterCareStandards.aspx. Accessed January 28, 2012.Google Scholar
10.Institute of Medicine (IOM). Crisis Standards of Care: A Systems Framework for Catastrophic Disaster Response. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press; 2012: http://www.iom.edu/Reports/2012/Crisis-Standards-of-Care-A-Systems-Framework-for-Catastrophic-Disaster-Response.aspx. Accessed March 25, 2012.Google Scholar
11.Wynd, C. A proposed model for military disaster nursing. Online J Issues Nurs. 2006;11(3):5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. ACGME Program Requirements for Graduate Medical Education in Family Medicine 2007: http://www.acgme.org/acWebsite/RRC_120/120_prIndex.asp. Accessed June 1, 2012.Google Scholar
13.National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculty. Nurse practitioner primary care competencies in specialty areas: Adult, Family, Gerontological, Pediatric, and Women's Health. Rockville, MD: The American Association of Colleges of Nursing; 2002: http://www.nonpf.com/associations/10789/files/PrimaryCareComps02.pdf. Accessed January 28, 2012.Google Scholar
14.Whittemore, R, Knafl, K. The integrative review: updated methodology. J Adv Nurs. 2005;52(5):546-553.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15.Bibb, SC, Wanzer, LJ. Determining the evidence in the perioperative environment: standardizing research process tools for conducting the integrative review of the literature. Periop Nurs Clin. 2008;3(1):1-17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Cooper, HM. Synthesizing Research: A Guide for Literature Reviews, 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publishing; 1998.Google Scholar
17.Fineout-Overholt, E, Melnyk, BM, Stillwell, SB, Williamson, KM. Evidence-based practice, step by step: critical appraisal of the evidence: part III. Am J Nurs. 2010;110(11):43-51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18.Satter, EK. The role of a dermatologist on military humanitarian missions. Cutis. 2010;85(2):85-89.Google ScholarPubMed
19.Lowicki-Zucca, M, Spiegel, PB, Kelly, S, Dehne, KL, Walker, N, Ghys, PD. Estimates of HIV burden in emergencies. Sex Transm Infect. 2008;84(Suppl 1):i42-i48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20.Sheikh, M, Wang, S, Pal, A, MacIntyre, CR, Wood, N, Gunesekera, H. Vitamin D deficiency in refugee children from conflict zones. J Immigr Minor Health. 2011;13(1):87-93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21.Won, E, Ancona, M, Carrigan, K, Laverty, B, Rhee, P. Humanitarian aid mission in East Timor: experiences of U.S. Naval medical services. Mil Med. 2006;171(1):29-36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Morikawa, MJ, Schneider, S, Becker, S, Lipovac, S. Primary care in post-conflict rural northern Afghanistan. Public Health. 2011;125(1):55-59.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23.Mancuso, JD, Price, O, West, DF. The emerging role of preventive medicine in health diplomacy after the 2005 earthquake in Pakistan. Mil Med. 2008;173(2):113-118.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24.American Red Cross. Global impact report fiscal year 2010. Washington, D.C.: American Red Cross; 2010: http://www.redcross.org/www-files/Documents/pdf/international/10ISDreport.pdf. Accessed January 30, 2012.Google Scholar
25.Galeckas, K. Dermatology aboard the USNS COMFORT: disaster relief operations in Haiti after the 2010 earthquake. Dermatol Clin. 2011;29(1):15-19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26.Hollon, JR, Hickey, PW. Select clinical recommendations for military medical practitioners conducting humanitarian and civic assistance activities. Mil Med. 2010;175(9):647-654.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27.Cabrol, JC. War, drought, malnutrition, measles--a report from Somalia. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(20):1856-1858.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28.Defense Security Cooperation Agency. Fiscal Year 2012 Budget Estimates Overseas Humanitarian, Disaster Assistance, and Civic Aid. Washington, D.C.: Department of Defense; 2011: http://comptroller.defense.gov/defbudget/fy2012/budget_justification/pdfs/01_Operation_and_Maintenance/O_M_VOL_1_PARTS/O_M_VOL_1_BASE_PARTS/0819_OHDACA_OP-5_FY_2012.pdf. Accessed Jan. 31, 2012.Google Scholar