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The Impact of Mass Gatherings on Emergency Department Patient Presentations with Communicable Diseases Related to Syndromic Indicators: An Integrative Review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 February 2020

Yunjing (Shirley) Qiu Open the ORCID record for Yunjing (Shirley) Qiu [Opens in a new window] ,
Julia Crilly ,
Peta-Anne Zimmerman  and
Jamie Ranse
Yunjing (Shirley) Qiu*
Affiliation:
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
Julia Crilly
Affiliation:
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia Department of Emergency Medicine, Gold Coast Health, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
Peta-Anne Zimmerman
Affiliation:
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia Department of Infection Control, Gold Coast Health, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
Jamie Ranse
Affiliation:
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia Department of Emergency Medicine, Gold Coast Health, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
*
Correspondence: Yunjing Qiu, RN, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Background:

Mass-gathering events (MGEs) are commonly associated with a higher than average rate of morbidity. Spectators, workers, and the substantial number of MGE attendees can increase the spread of communicable diseases. During an MGE, emergency departments (EDs) play an important role in offering health care services to both residents of the local community and event attendees. Syndromic indicators (SIs) are widely used in an ED surveillance system for early detection of communicable diseases.

Aim:

This literature review aimed to develop an understanding of the effect of MGEs on ED patient presentations with communicable diseases and their corresponding SIs.

Method:

An integrative literature review methodology was used. Online databases were searched to retrieve relevant academic articles that focused on MGEs, EDs, and SIs. Inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied to screen articles. The Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research (QualSyst) assessment tool was used to assess the quality of included papers.

Results:

Eleven papers were included in this review; all discussed the impact of an MGE on patient presentations with communicable diseases at EDs/hospitals. Most included studies used the raw number of patients who presented or were admitted to EDs/hospitals to determine impact. Further, the majority of studies focused on either respiratory infections (n = 4) or gastrointestinal infections (n = 2); two articles reported on both. Eight articles mentioned SIs; however, such information was limited. The quality of evidence (using QualSyst) ranged from 50% to 90%.

Conclusions:

Limited research exists on the impact of MGEs on ED presentations with communicable diseases and related SIs. Recommendations for future MGE studies include assessing differences in ED presentations with communicable diseases regarding demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes before, during, and after the event. This would benefit health care workers and researchers by offering more comprehensive knowledge for application into practice.

Keywords

communicable diseaseemergency departmentmass gathering
Type
Systematic Review
Information
Prehospital and Disaster Medicine , Volume 35 , Issue 2 , April 2020 , pp. 206 - 211
Copyright
© World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine 2020

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