(A290) Coordinated Hospital Disaster Response: A Detailed Assessment of Leadership

Abstract

Introduction

The Hospital Preparedness Program, prompted by the 9/11 terrorist attacks, emphasizes the value of developing coordinated response capabilities by community leaders. Immediately following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, this study examined the hospital emergency preparedness coordinators' leadership style and applied leadership theory to Louisiana planners as an integral part of a complex National Response Framework. This regionally coordinated system remains in place today and has been tested a minimum of 15 times in hurricane activations and state-wide exercises and drills.

Methods

Three hospital groups participated: (1) regional coordinators representing nine geographic areas; (2) coordinators at acute care facilities; and (3) coordinators at non-acute care facilities. A total of 744 study participants represented over 150 hospitals. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (Bass, 1995) assessed three dimensions of leadership style and the Emergency Preparedness Indicator assessed planning priorities, performance ratings, demographic variables of gender, education, and Healthcare Performance Partners (HPP) planning experience and disaster declarations.

Results

Transformational leadership was highest among all three groups and included characteristic of: idealized influence, idealized behaviors, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individual consideration. Transactional leadership was highest (but still lower than transformational) among the non-acute care group and included characteristics of: contingent reward and management by exception (both active and passive). Gender and education were not significant predictors of leadership style but positive associations of time spent on emergency preparedness activities were found.

Conclusions

Previous studies reported the relationship of transformational leadership style to cohesion scores of 2.1. This study expands those results by further detailing leadership styles to the hospital emergency preparedness coordinator. It builds on a standardized approach to assess coordinator leadership style and effectiveness measures.