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Variability in seed oil content and fatty acid composition, phenotypic traits and self-incompatibility among selected niger germplasm accessions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2016

Victoria G. Benelli ,
Fred L. Allen  and
Ming Li Wang
Victoria G. Benelli*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, 2431 Joe Johnson Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
Fred L. Allen
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, 2431 Joe Johnson Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
Ming Li Wang
Affiliation:
Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, USDA ARS, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USA
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Niger (Guizotia abyssinica, L.) is a desirable oilseed crop for birdseed, especially for finches (Spinus spp.) because of its high ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids and relatively high oil content. In 2012, phenotypic traits, seed oil and fatty acid content measurements were made on 14 plant introductions (PIs) from the United States Department of Agriculture germplasm collection. The PIs originated in Ethiopia (ten), India (three) and USA (one). The phenotypic traits analysed included seed/plant, branches/plant, capitula/plant1, average seed/capitulum and plant height. After initial assessments of the 14 PIs, three were selected for use as parents to produce two one-way and two two-way F1 crosses for the purpose of evaluating self-incompatibility (SI). Parent and F1 progeny seeds were planted in a greenhouse and transplanted to a field site at the East Tennessee Research and Education Center (2012, 2013 and 2014). Comparisons from 2012 showed seed oil of the 14 PIs ranging from 32.9 to 37.9% (PI 508076 (Ethiopia) and PI 509436 (India), respectively). Major fatty acids included stearic, palmitic, oleic and linoleic; with linoleic acid in highest amount. PI508079 (Ethiopia) had the best combination of seed yield, seed oil and linoleic acid content. Over 2013 and 2014, SI ranged from 91.1 to 100.0%. W6 18860 (USA) had the most self-compatibility, and the F1 plants generated from crosses between W6 18860 and other plants tended to be self-compatible when the former was used as a pollen recipient. The results obtained from this study should be useful for niger breeding and production purposes.

Keywords

breedingGuizotia abyssinicaseed qualityself-incompatibility
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 15 , Issue 4 , August 2017 , pp. 348 - 354
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2016 

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