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Network analysis of barley seed flows in Tigray, Ethiopia: supporting the design of strategies that contribute to on-farm management of plant genetic resources

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 September 2011

Fetien Abay ,
Walter de Boef  and
Åsmund Bjørnstad
Fetien Abay*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Horticultural Sciences, Mekelle University, PO Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
Walter de Boef
Affiliation:
Post Graduate Programme on Plant Genetic Resources, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, Itacorobi, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
Åsmund Bjørnstad
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Environment, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, Ås1432, Norway
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

For maintaining food security and livelihood, farmers in marginal areas of production environments make use of high levels of crop genetic diversity. The exchange of seed and varieties among villagers, and also the relative isolation of local varieties in their production environments, contributes to the continued existence of locally adapted genotypes. In Tigray, one of the major barley-growing regions of Ethiopia, local varieties and local seed systems are dominant. The annual barley seed requirement is met with seed produced, saved and exchanged by farmers. In order to understand the flows of seed and varieties within and between villages, a study was conducted using a survey to gather information from 130 respondents in seven villages. Seed network analysis was used as an analytical tool to assess flows of seed and varieties and to identify farmers who play different roles in the seed system. Within the major seed exchange network, nodal or connector farmers linked seed subnetworks. The flow within villages was much more dominant than beyond. Rare varieties appeared to be sourced from farms that maintain a broad variety portfolio. Varieties seemed to disseminate informally across farms, in their target environments, following participatory varietal selection. The methodology of social seed network analysis proved to be a powerful tool for monitoring seed and variety flows. Furthermore, it identified farmers as critical partners in the conservation and on-farm management of plant genetic resources, recognized the role of plant breeders in participatory varietal selection and that of seed experts, engaged in strengthening local seed supply and in disseminating quality seed of superior varieties.

Keywords

informal seed systemson-farm managementparticipatory varietal selectionplant genetic resourcessocial seed network analysis
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 9 , Issue 4 , December 2011 , pp. 495 - 505
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2011

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Supplementary material: File

Abay Supplementary Table 1

Table S1 Demand for specific barley varieties as seed sources, as expressed by farmer households in social seed network analysis, in three barley growing zones in Tigray, Ethiopia, 2008 (n = 130)

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Supplementary material: File

Abay Supplementary Table 2

Table S2 Supply of specific barley varieties, as seed sources, according to farmer households in social seed network analysis in three barley growing zones in Tigray, Ethiopia, 2008 (n=130)

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