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Characterization of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm for drought tolerance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 November 2020

Osama Zuhair Kanbar Open the ORCID record for Osama Zuhair Kanbar [Opens in a new window] ,
Paul Chege ,
Csaba Lantos ,
Erzsebet Kiss  and
Janos Pauk Open the ORCID record for Janos Pauk [Opens in a new window]
Osama Zuhair Kanbar
Affiliation:
Doctoral School of Plant Science, Szent Istvan University, Gödöllő, Páter K u. 1, H-2103, Hungary Department of Biotechnology, Cereal Research Non-profit Ltd., P.O. Box 391, H-6701, Szeged, Hungary
Paul Chege
Affiliation:
Doctoral School of Plant Science, Szent Istvan University, Gödöllő, Páter K u. 1, H-2103, Hungary Department of Biotechnology, Cereal Research Non-profit Ltd., P.O. Box 391, H-6701, Szeged, Hungary
Csaba Lantos
Affiliation:
Department of Biotechnology, Cereal Research Non-profit Ltd., P.O. Box 391, H-6701, Szeged, Hungary
Erzsebet Kiss
Affiliation:
Genetics, Microbiology and Biotechnology Institute, Szent Istvan University, Gödöllő, Páter K. u. 1, H-2103, Hungary
Janos Pauk*
Affiliation:
Department of Biotechnology, Cereal Research Non-profit Ltd., P.O. Box 391, H-6701, Szeged, Hungary
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Climate change realities such as high-temperature levels are among the causes of drought episodes affecting the productivity and yield stability of crops worldwide. Breeders, therefore, have a daunting challenge to overcome and a large gap to seal in the agricultural sector arising due to drought through the improvement of new tolerant germplasm. It is in this endeavour that the present study, which included nine winter wheat genotypes grown in the greenhouse, was conducted to evaluate their performance under well-watered and drought stress treatments for the traits: heading time, plant height, above-ground biomass, seed number/plant, grain yield/plant, harvest index, root length and root dry mass. A lower grain yield/plant was observed for each studied genotype under drought stress conditions than for those under well-watered conditions. Additionally, grain yield/plant depression varied from 69.64 to 81.73% depending on the genotype. Positive significant correlations between grain yield/plant and heading time, above-ground biomass, and seed number/plant under the drought stress treatment were obtained. Genotypes that recorded high root dry mass had both high above-ground biomass and seed number/plant under drought stress conditions. Positive correlations between grain yield/plant depression and plant height, seed number/plant, and harvest index depressions were also observed. Grain yield for each genotype under drought stress conditions was recorded, and the varieties ‘Plainsman V.’, ‘GK Berény’ and germplasm ‘PC61’, ‘PC110’ showed the best drought tolerance. These genotypes and germplasm will be used in different drought tolerance experiments and breeding programmes.

Keywords

drought tolerancegrain yieldwinter wheat
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 18 , Issue 5 , October 2020 , pp. 369 - 381
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2020

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