Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T06:35:39.721Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Vowel deletion as mora usurpation: the case of Yine*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2013

Eva Zimmermann*
Affiliation:
University of Leipzig

Abstract

Vowel deletion in Yine crucially refers to both morphological and phonological information. It has been argued that the process is only analysable in a theory where the phonology has access to morphology, either on the assumption of different morphological domains of constraint evaluation (Lin 1987, 1997a, b) or on the assumption of morphologically indexed optimality-theoretic constraints (Pater 2009). In contrast, I propose a phonological analysis of vowel deletion in Yine in a parallel Optimality Theory model. The phonology, I assume, has only limited access to morphological information, and can only distinguish between affix and stem material. I argue that the morphemes that trigger deletion of a preceding vowel have a defective underlying representation: they lack a mora, and ‘usurp’ the mora of a preceding vowel.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

[*]

For helpful comments and discussions I am grateful to the audiences of OCP 8 in Marrakech and the colloquium Neuere Arbeiten zur Grammatiktheorie at the University of Leipzig, where earlier versions of this paper were presented. I am especially indebted to Jochen Trommer and Nina Topintzi for discussion and support and Kirsten Brock for proofreading. Finally, I also thank three anonymous reviewers and the editors of Phonology for their valuable comments and criticism.

References

REFERENCES

Anderson, Stephen R. (1992). A-morphous morphology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alber, Birgit & Arndt-Lappe, Sabine (2012). Templatic and subtractive truncation. In Trommer, (2012). 289325.Google Scholar
Bagemihl, Bruce (1991). Syllable structure in Bella Coola. LI 22. 589646.Google Scholar
Baković, Eric (2000). Harmony, dominance, and control. PhD dissertation, Rutgers University. Available as ROA-360 from the Rutgers Optimality Archive.Google Scholar
Beckman, Jill N., Dickey, Laura Walsh & Urbanczyk, Suzanne (eds.) (1995). Papers in Optimality Theory. Amherst: GLSA.Google Scholar
Bermúdez-Otero, Ricardo (2001). Underlyingly nonmoraic coda consonants, faithfulness, and sympathy. Ms, University of Manchester. Available (December 2012) at http://www.bermudez-otero.com/DEP-mora.pdf.Google Scholar
Bermúdez-Otero, Ricardo (2011). Cyclicity. In van Oostendorp, et al. (2011). 20192048.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bermúdez-Otero, Ricardo (2012). The architecture of grammar and the division of labor in exponence. In Trommer, (2012). 883.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blaho, Sylvia, Bye, Patrik & Krämer, Martin (eds.) (2007). Freedom of analysis? Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broselow, Ellen, Chen, Su-I & Huffman, Marie (1997). Syllable weight: convergence of phonology and phonetics. Phonology 14. 4782.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buckley, Eugene (1994). Theoretical aspects of Kashaya phonology and morphology. Stanford: CSLI.Google Scholar
Campbell, Lyle (1997). American Indian languages: the historical linguistics of Native America. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cassimjee, Farida & Kisseberth, Charles W. (1998). Optimality Domains Theory and Bantu tonology: a case study from Isixhosa and Shingazidja. In Hyman, Larry M. & Kisseberth, Charles W. (eds.) Theoretical aspects of Bantu tone. Stanford: CSLI. 33132.Google Scholar
Denzer-King, Ryan (2009). The distribution of /s/ in Blackfoot: an Optimality Theory account. MA thesis, University of Montana.Google Scholar
Elfner, Emily (2006). Contrastive syllabification in Blackfoot. WCCFL 25. 141149.Google Scholar
Féry, Caroline & de Vijver, Ruben van (eds.) (2003). The syllable in Optimality Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finley, Sara & Badecker, William (2009). Right-to-left biases for vowel harmony: evidence from artificial grammar. NELS 38. 269282.Google Scholar
Goldrick, Matthew (2000). Turbid output representations and the unity of opacity. NELS 30. 231245.Google Scholar
Goldsmith, John A. (1976). Autosegmental phonology. PhD dissertation, MIT.Google Scholar
Hart, Michele E. (1991). The moraic status of initial geminates in Trukese. BLS 17. 107120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayes, Bruce (1989). Compensatory lengthening in moraic phonology. LI 20. 253306.Google Scholar
Hyman, Larry M. (1985). A theory of phonological weight. Dordrecht: Foris.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hyman, Larry M. (2000). Is there a right-to-left bias in vowel harmony? Ms, University of California, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Inkelas, Sharon (1990). Prosodic constituency in the lexicon. New York: Garland.Google Scholar
Ito, Junko & Mester, Armin (2003). Weak layering and word binarity. In Honma, Takeru, Okazaki, Masao, Tabata, Toshiyuki & Tanaka, Shin'ichi (eds.) A new century of phonology and phonological theory: a Festschrift for Professor Shosuke Haraguchi on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday. Tokyo: Kaitakusha. 2665.Google Scholar
Kiparsky, Paul (1982). From cyclic phonology to lexical phonology. In Hulst, Harry van der & Smith, Norval S. H. (eds.) The structure of phonological representations. Part I. Dordrecht: Foris. 131175.Google Scholar
Kiparsky, Paul (2003). Syllables and moras in Arabic. In , Féry & , van de Vijver (2003). 147182.Google Scholar
Kiparsky, Paul (2011). Compensatory lengthening. In Cairns, Charles E. & Raimy, Eric (eds.) Handbook of the syllable. Leiden & Boston: Brill. 3369.Google Scholar
Kirchner, Jesse Saba (2007). The phonology of lexical underspecification. Ms, University of California, Santa Cruz. Available (December 2012) at http://jessesabakirchner.com/docs/2007-phonology-of-lexical-underspecification.pdf.Google Scholar
Kisseberth, Charles W. (1970). The treatment of exceptions. Papers in Linguistics 2. 4458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levelt, Clara C. (2011). Consonant harmony in child language. In , van Oostendorp et al. (2011). 16911716.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levin, Juliette (1987). Between epenthetic and excrescent vowels (or what happens after redundancy rules). WCCFL 6. 187201.Google Scholar
Lin, Yen-Hwei (1987). Theoretical implications of Piro syncope. NELS 17. 409423.Google Scholar
Lin, Yen-Hwei (1993). Sonority and postlexical syllabicity in Piro. CLS 28. 333344.Google Scholar
Lin, Yen-Hwei (1997a). Cyclic and noncyclic affixation in Piro. In Booij, Geert & de Weijer, Jeroen van (eds.) Phonology in progress – progress in phonology. The Hague: Holland Academic Graphics. 167188.Google Scholar
Lin, Yen-Hwei (1997b). Syllabic and moraic structures in Piro. Phonology 14. 403436.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lin, Yen-Hwei (1999). On minor syllables. In Fujimura, Osamu, Joseph, Brian D. & Palek, Bohumil (eds.) Proceedings of LP '98: item order in language and speech. Prague: Karolinum. 163183.Google Scholar
Lin, Yen-Hwei (2005). Piro affricates: phonological edge effects and phonetic anti-edge effects. In van Oostendorp, Marc & de Weijer, Jeroen van (eds.) The internal organization of phonological segments. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 121151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCarthy, John J. (2003). Sympathy, cumulativity, and the Duke-of-York gambit. In , Féry & , van de Vijver (2003). 2376.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCarthy, John J. (2004). Headed spans and autosegmental spreading. Ms, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Available as ROA-685 from the Rutgers Optimality Archive.Google Scholar
McCarthy, John J. (2008). Doing Optimality Theory: applying theory to data. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCarthy, John J. & Prince, Alan (1995). Faithfulness and reduplicative identity. In , Beckman et al. (1995). 249384.Google Scholar
Matteson, Esther (1954). Piro phonemes and morphology. Kroeber Anthropological Society Papers 11. 1759.Google Scholar
Matteson, Esther (1965). The Piro (Arawakan) language. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Matthews, P. H. (1974). Morphology: an introduction to the theory of word-structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Nies, Joyce (1986). Diccionario Piro. Lima: Ministerio de Educación.Google Scholar
Oostendorp, Marc van (2003). Comparative markedness and containment. Theoretical Linguistics 29. 6575.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oostendorp, Marc van (2006). A theory of morphosyntactic colours. Ms, Meertens Institute, Amsterdam. Available (December 2012) at http://egg.auf.net/06/docs/Hdt%20Oostendorp%20coulours.pdf.Google Scholar
Oostendorp, Marc van (2007). Derived environment effects and consistency of exponence. In , Blaho et al. (2007). 123148.Google Scholar
Oostendorp, Marc van (2008). Incomplete devoicing in formal phonology. Lingua 118. 13621374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oostendorp, Marc van, Ewen, Colin J., Hume, Elizabeth & Rice, Keren (eds.) (2011). The Blackwell companion to phonology. Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Pater, Joe (2009). Morpheme-specific phonology: constraint indexation and inconsistency resolution. In Parker, Steve (ed.) Phonological argumentation: essays on evidence and motivation. London: Equinox. 123154.Google Scholar
Payne, David L. (1991). A classification of Maipuran (Arawakan) languages based on shared lexical retentions. In Derbyshire, Desmond C. & Pullum, Geoffrey K. (eds.) Handbook of Amazonian languages. Vol. 3. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 355499.Google Scholar
Prince, Alan & Smolensky, Paul (1993). Optimality Theory: constraint interaction in generative grammar. Ms, Rutgers University & University of Colorado, Boulder. Published 2004, Malden, Mass. & Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Revithiadou, Anthi (2007). Colored turbid accents and containment: a case study from lexical stress. In , Blaho et al. (2007). 149173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rubach, Jerzy (1986). Abstract vowels in three dimensional phonology: the yers. The Linguistic Review 5. 247280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Selkirk, Elisabeth (1995). The prosodic structure of function words. In , Beckman et al. (1995). 439469.Google Scholar
Shaw, Jason (2009). Compensatory lengthening via mora preservation in OT-CC: theory and predictions. NELS 38. 323336.Google Scholar
Spencer, Andrew (1986). A non-linear analysis of vowel–zero alternations in Polish. JL 22. 249280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sprouse, Ronald L. (1997). A case for enriched inputs. Handout of paper presented at TREND (Trilateral Phonology Weekend) 3. Available as ROA-193 from the Rutgers Optimality Archive.Google Scholar
Steriade, Donca (1995). Underspecification and markedness. In Goldsmith, John A. (ed.) The handbook of phonological theory. Cambridge, Mass. & Oxford: Blackwell. 114174.Google Scholar
Stump, Gregory T. (2001). Inflectional morphology: a theory of paradigm structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Szpyra, Jolanta (1992). Ghost segments in nonlinear phonology: Polish yers. Lg 68. 277312.Google Scholar
Topintzi, Nina (2006). A (not so) paradoxical instance of compensatory lengthening: Samothraki Greek and theoretical implications. Journal of Greek Linguistics 7. 71119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Topintzi, Nina (2010). Onsets: suprasegmental and prosodic behaviour. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trommer, Jochen (2010). Paradigmatic generalization of morphemes. Linguistische Arbeits Berichte Leipzig 88. 227246.Google Scholar
Trommer, Jochen (2011). Phonological aspects of Western Nilotic mutation morphology. Habilitationsschrift, University of Leipzig.Google Scholar
Trommer, Jochen (ed.) (2012). The morphology and phonology of exponence. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trommer, Jochen & Zimmermann, Eva (2010). Generalized mora affixation. Paper presented at the 18th Manchester Phonology Meeting.Google Scholar
Urquía Sebastían, Rittma & Marlett, Stephen A. (2008). Yine. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 38. 365369.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yearley, Jennifer (1995). Jer vowels in Russian. In , Beckman et al. (1995). 533571.Google Scholar
Zec, Draga (1988). Sonority constraints on prosodic structure. PhD dissertation, Stanford University.Google Scholar
Zimmermann, Eva (2009). Metathesis without reordering. MA thesis, University of Leipzig.Google Scholar
Zimmermann, Eva (2011). Cluster restrictions in Yine: a non-derivational approach, Ms, University of Leipzig.Google Scholar