Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T22:39:43.115Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Prosodic fusion and minimality in Kabardian*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2010

Matthew Gordon  and
Ayla Applebaum
Matthew Gordon
Affiliation:
University of California, Santa Barbara
Ayla Applebaum
Affiliation:
University of California, Santa Barbara
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The Northwest Caucasian language Kabardian displays a typologically unusual process of word formation, whereby two lexical roots fuse to form a single prosodic word whose phonological behaviour is parallel to prosodic words containing a single root. It is shown that this process of fusion, which is subject to a number of phonological and morphosyntactic restrictions, reflects a typologically unusual response to a cross-linguistically common minimal word requirement banning monomoraic prosodic words. Rather than employing segmental lengthening or insertion to ensure that minimality is satisfied, Kabardian chooses to violate the one-to-one mapping between grammatical and prosodic words. A further complication is the scalar nature of minimality in Kabardian: while the impossibility of fusion in certain prosodic and morphosyntactic contexts allows monomoraic prosodic words to surface, a more stringent minimality restriction ensures that all prosodic words have at least one mora.

Type
Articles
Information
Phonology , Volume 27 , Issue 1 , May 2010 , pp. 45 - 76
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abitov, M. L., Balkarov, B. X., Desheriev, J. D., Rogava, G. B., El'berdov, X. U., Kardanov, B. M. & Kuasheva, T. X. (1957). Grammatika kabardino-cherkesskogo literaturnogo jazyka. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk.Google Scholar
Albright, Adam (2003). A quantitative study of Spanish paradigm gaps. WCCFL 22. 1–14.Google Scholar
Applebaum, Ayla & Gordon, Matthew (2007). Intonation in Turkish Kabardian. In Trouvain, Jürgen & Barry, William J. (eds.) Proceedings of the 16th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences. Dudweiler, Saarbrücken: Pirrot. 1045–1048.Google Scholar
Bagemihl, Bruce (1991). Syllable structure in Bella Coola. LI 22. 589–646.Google Scholar
Bagov, P. M., Balkarov, B. X., Kuasheva, T. X., Kumaxov, M. A. & Rogava, G. B. (eds.) (1970). Grammatika kabardino-cherkesskogo literaturnogo jazyka. Vol. 1: Fonetika i morfologija. Moscow: Nauka.Google Scholar
Beckman, Jill, Dickey, Laura Walsh & Urbanczyk, Suzanne (eds.) (1995). Papers in Optimality Theory. Amherst: GLSA.Google Scholar
Broselow, Ellen (1982). On predicting the interaction of stress and epenthesis. Glossa 16. 115–132.Google Scholar
Catford, J. C. (1942). The Kabardian language. Le Maître Phonétique (3rd series) 78. 15–18.Google Scholar
Catford, J. C. (1984). Instrumental data and linguistic phonetics. In Higgs, Jo-Ann W. & Thelwall, Robin (eds.) Topics in linguistic phonetics, in honour of E. T. Uldall. Coleraine: New University of Ulster. 23–48.Google Scholar
Choi, John D. (1991). An acoustic study of Kabardian vowels. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 21. 4–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Colarusso, John (1992). A grammar of the Kabardian language. Calgary: University of Calgary Press.Google Scholar
Colarusso, John (2006). Kabardian (East Circassian). Munich: Lincom.Google Scholar
Crosswhite, Katherine (1999). Intra-paradigmatic homophony avoidance in two dialects of Slavic. UCLA Working Papers in Linguistics 1: Papers in Phonology 2. 48–67.Google Scholar
Crowhurst, Megan J. (1994). Foot extrametricality and template mapping in Cupeño. NLLT 12. 177–201.Google Scholar
Dell, François & Elmedlaoui, Mohamed (1985). Syllabic consonants and syllabification in Imdlawn Tashlhiyt Berber. Journal of African Languages and Linguistics 7. 105–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dell, François & Elmedlaoui, Mohamed (2002). Syllables in Tashlhiyt Berber and in Moroccan Arabic. Dordrecht: Kluwer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flack, Kathryn (2009). Constraints on onsets and codas of words and phrases. Phonology 26. 269–302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Franks, Steven (1989). The monosyllabic head effect. NLLT 7. 551–563.Google Scholar
Garrett, Edward (1999). Minimal words aren't minimal feet. UCLA Working Papers in Linguistics 1: Papers in Phonology 2. 68–105.Google Scholar
Gessner, Suzanne & Hansson, Gunnar Ólafur (2004). Anti-homophony effects in Dakelh (Carrier) valence morphology. BLS 30. 91–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordon, Raymond G. Jr. (ed.) (2005). Ethnologue: languages of the world. 15th edn.Dallas: SIL International. http://www.ethnologue.com.Google Scholar
Gouskova, Maria (2003). Deriving economy: syncope in Optimality Theory. PhD dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.Google Scholar
Hale, Kenneth (1973). Deep–surface canonical disparities in relation to analysis and change: an Australian example. In Sebeok, Thomas (ed.) Current trends in linguistics. Vol. 11. The Hague: Mouton. 401–458.Google Scholar
Hammond, Michael (1999). The phonology of English: a prosodic optimality-theoretic approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hangin, Gombojab (1986). A modern Mongolian–English dictionary. Bloomington: Research Center for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University.Google Scholar
Hargus, Sharon & Tuttle, Siri G. (1997). Augmentation as affixation in Athabaskan languages. Phonology 14. 177–220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, James W. (1983). Syllable structure and stress in Spanish: a nonlinear analysis. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Hayes, Bruce (1989). The prosodic hierarchy in meter. In Kiparsky, Paul & Youmans, Gilbert (eds.) Rhythm and meter. San Diego: Academic Press. 201–260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayes, Bruce (1995). Metrical stress theory: principles and case studies. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Hayes, Bruce, Tesar, Bruce & Zuraw, Kie (2003). OTSoft 2.31. Software package. http://www.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/hayes/otsoft/.Google Scholar
Horne, Elinor Clark (1974). Javanese–English dictionary. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Ichimura, Larry (2006). Anti-homophony blocking and its productivity in transparadigmatic relations. PhD dissertation, Boston University.Google Scholar
Jakovlev, N. F. (1930). Kurze Übersicht über die Tscherkessischen (Adygheischen) Dialekte und Sprachen. Caucasica 6. 1–19.Google Scholar
Jakovlev, N. F. (1948). Grammatika literaturnogo kabardino-cherkesskogo jazyka. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk.Google Scholar
Kaisse, Ellen M. (1985). Connected speech: the interaction of syntax and phonology. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Kardanov, B. M. & Bichoev, A. T. (1955). Russko–kabardinsko-cherkesskij slovar'. Moscow: Gosydarstvennoe Izdatel'stvo Inostrannyx i Natsional'nyx Slovarej.Google Scholar
Kenstowicz, Michael (1994). Syllabification in Chukchee: a constraints-based analysis. In Davison, Alice, Maier, Nicole, Silva, Glaucia & Yan, Wan Su (eds.) Proceedings of the Formal Linguistics Society of Mid-America 4. Iowa City: Department of Linguistics, University of Iowa. 160–181.Google Scholar
Kenstowicz, Michael (2002). Paradigmatic uniformity and contrast. MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 42. 141–163.Google Scholar
Klavans, Judith L. (1985). The independence of syntax and phonology in cliticization. Lg 61. 95–120.Google Scholar
Kuipers, Aert H. (1960). Phoneme and morpheme in Kabardian (Eastern Adyghe). The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Łubowicz, , Anna, (2007). Paradigmatic contrast in Polish. Journal of Slavic Linguistics 15. 229–262.Google Scholar
McCarthy, John J. & Prince, Alan (1994). The emergence of the unmarked: optimality in prosodic morphology. NELS 24. 333–379.Google Scholar
McCarthy, John J. & Prince, Alan (1995). Faithfulness and reduplicative identity. In Beckman, et al. (1995). 249–384.Google Scholar
McCarthy, John J. & Prince, Alan (1996). Prosodic morphology 1986. Ms, University of Massachusetts, Amherst & Brandeis University.Google Scholar
Miller, Philip & Monachesi, Paola (2003). Les pronoms clitiques dans les langues romanes. In Godard, Danièle (ed.) Les langues romanes: problèmes de la phrase simple. Paris: CNRS. 67–123.Google Scholar
Munro, Pamela & Willmond, Catherine (1994). Chickasaw: an analytical dictionary. Norman & London: University of Oklahoma Press.Google Scholar
Nespor, Marina & Vogel, Irene (1986). Prosodic phonology. Dordrecht: Foris.Google Scholar
Nielsen, Konrad (1926). Lærebok i Lappisk. 3 vols. Oslo: Brøggers.Google Scholar
Peterson, Tyler (2007). Minimality and syllabification in Kabardian. CLS 39:1. 215–235.Google Scholar
Prince, Alan (1980). A metrical theory for Estonian quantity. LI 11. 511–562.Google Scholar
Prince, Alan & Smolensky, Paul (1993). Optimality Theory: constraint interaction in generative grammar. Ms, Rutgers University & University of Colorado, Boulder. Published 2004, Malden, Mass. & Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Reed, Irene, Miyaoka, Osahito, Jacobson, Steven, Afcan, Paschal & Krauss, Michael (1977). Yup'ik Eskimo grammar. Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center.Google Scholar
Selkirk, Elisabeth O. (1984). Phonology and syntax: the relation between sound and structure. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Selkirk, Elisabeth O. (1995). The prosodic structure of function words. In Beckman, et al. (1995). 439–469.Google Scholar
Turchaninov, G. & Tsagov, M. (1940). Grammatika kabardinskogo jazyka. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, Karina (1988). Prosodic structure and Lardil phonology. LI 19. 325–334.Google Scholar
Zwicky, Arnold M. (1970). Auxiliary reduction in English. LI 1. 323–336.Google Scholar