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A Curious Plural
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 30 January 2009
Extract
Statements of identity with a plural subject, of the form ‘They are (were, etc.) the same person (thing, etc.),’ as illustrated in each of the answers to the above two questions, give rise to a philosophical problem.
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- Copyright © The Royal Institute of Philosophy 1993
References
1 They will be thinking of Frege's discussion of how it is possible for a statement of identity to be informative in Frege, 's ‘On Sense and Meaning’ in Geach, Peter and Black, Max (eds), Translations from the Philosophical Writings of Gottlob Frege (Oxford: Blackwell, 1952), third edition, pp. 56–78.Google Scholar
2 Frege talks of Gleichheit (=‘equality’) but he says in a footnote that he uses this word in the sense of Identität (=‘identity’) (Frege, , ‘On Sense and Meaning’, p. 56).Google Scholar
3 Op. cit., p. 56.
4 The English translation by Max Black of Frege's die Art des Gegebenseins as ‘mode of presentation’ is too high-flown: it loses, to no advantage, the natural simplicity of Frege's German in his example in which the single point of intersection of three straight lines in a geometrical figure is given as we say both in German and in English, in several different ways by means of different pairs of coordinates (Frege, , ‘On Sense and Meaning’, p. 57).Google Scholar
5 Quine, W. V., Quiddities: an Intermittently Philosophical Dictionary (Cambridge, Mass, and London, England: The Belnap Press of Harvard University Press, 1987), p. 89.Google Scholar
6 On the feeling, which evidently Quine shares, that the identity of a thing with itself provides us with an infallible paradigm of identity see Wittgenstein, Ludwig, Philosophical Investigations, remarks 215–6.Google Scholar
7 Frege, , ‘On Sense and Meaning’, p. 59.Google Scholar
8 Quoted in Quine, , Quiddities, p. 232.Google Scholar
9 The alleged use-mention confusion in Leibniz's various formulations of his law is sympathetically discussed in Mates, Benson, The Philosophy of Leibniz: Metaphysics and Language (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986), pp. 123–30.Google Scholar
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