Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T18:23:57.585Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

What is Explained in Science?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2022

Barbara Tuchańska*
Affiliation:
Department of Philosophy, University of Lódź
*
Send reprint requests to the author, Department of Philosophy, University of Lódź, Matejki 34, PL-90-237, Lódź, POLAND.

Abstract

The fundamental problem of what is explained in science should be considered and clarified since it determines the way of solving the problem of how something is explained as well as the entire view of explanation. In the first section after the introduction, Hempel's models of explanation are criticized for their narrow concern with logical reconstruction. In the next section a broader epistemological approach to explanation is presented, and in the last section an historical example of Newtonian explanation as epistemic activity is discussed.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Philosophy of Science Association 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

The first draft of this paper was prepared during my stay at the Center for Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh in 1988. I am grateful to the Center for providing me with the opportunity to work on this paper and personally to Nicholas Rescher for his assistance. I also wish to thank Anne Hiskes, Adolf Grünbaum, and Victor Rodriquez for their helpful comments.

References

Achinstein, P. (1983), The Nature of Explanation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Alston, W. P. (1971), “The Place of the Explanation of Particular Facts in Science”, Philosophy of Science 38: 1334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cartwright, N. (1983), How the Laws of Physics Lie. Oxford: Clarenden Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eliade, M. (1963), Myth and Rationality. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Finocchiaro, M. A. (1980), “Scientific Discoveries as Growth of Understanding: The Case of Newton's Gravitation”, in Nickles, T. (ed.), Scientific Discovery, Logic, and Rationality. Dordrecht: Reidel, pp. 235255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forge, J. (1980), “The Structure of Physical Explanation”, Philosophy of Science 47: 203225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Funkenstein, A. (1986), Theology and the Scientific Imagination from the Middle Ages to the Seventeenth Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Hempel, C. G. (1965), Aspects of Scientific Explanation and Other Essays in the Philosophy of Science. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Jeffrey, F. (1970), “Statistical Explanation vs. Statistical Inference”, in Rescher, N. (ed.), Essays in Honor of Carl G. Hempel. Lanham: University Press of America, pp. 104113.Google Scholar
Jobe, E. K. (1985), “Explanation, Causality, and Counterfactuals”, Philosophy of Science 52: 357389.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kitcher, P. (1981), “Explanatory Unification”, Philosophy of Science 48: 507531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laudan, L. (1984), “A Confutation of Convergent Realism”, in Leplin, J. (ed.), Scientific Realism. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, pp. 218249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McMullin, E. (1978), “Structural Explanation”, American Philosophical Quarterly 15: 139147.Google Scholar
McMullin, E. (1987), “Explanatory Success and the Truth of Theory”, in Rescher, N. (ed.), Scientific Inquiry in Philosophical Perspective. Lanham: University Press of America, pp. 5173.Google Scholar
Newton, I. (1958), Isaac Newton's Papers and Letters on Natural Philosophy and Related Documents. Edited by Cohen, J. B. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Newton, I. (1974), Sir Isaac Newton's Mathematical Principles of the Natural Philosophy and His System of the World. Vols. 1 and 2. Translated by A. Motte. Edited by F. Cajori. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Pitt, J. C. (1987), “Galileo and Rationality: The Case of the Tides”, in Pitt, J. C. and Pera, M. (eds.), Rational Changes in Science: Essays on Scientific Reasoning. Dordrecht: Reidel, pp. 135153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pitt, J. C. (1988a), “Galileo, Rationality and Explanation”, Philosophy of Science 55: 87103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pitt, J. C. (1988b), “Introduction”, in Pitt, J. C. (ed.), Theories of Explanation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 38.Google Scholar
Salmon, W. C. (1984), Scientific Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Sober, E. (1984), “Common Cause Explanation”, Philosophy of Science 51: 212241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tuchańska, B. (1980), “The Methodological Problem of the Development of a Science versus the Historical Problem of How a Science Performs Its Social Functions”, The Polish Sociological Bulletin 51: 524.Google Scholar
van Fraassen, B. (1980), The Scientific Image. Oxford: Clarendon Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Fraassen, B. (1985), “Salmon on Explanation”, The Journal of Philosophy 82: 639651.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wicken, J. S. (1981), “Causal Explanations in Classical and Statistical Thermodynamics”, Philosophy of Science 48: 6577.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woodward, J. (1984), “Explanatory Asymmetries”, Philosophy of Science 51: 421442.CrossRefGoogle Scholar