Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-kw2vx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-24T09:36:06.828Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

New Destinations and Immigrant Incorporation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 November 2005

Helen B. Marrow
Helen B. Marrow
Affiliation:
Harvard University ([email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Does the academic literature on U.S. immigration adequately capture the experiences of immigrants outside their traditional areas of concentration? This article reviews the three major fields of research in immigrant incorporation—economic, sociocultural, and political. It emphasizes the two most prominent conceptual frameworks in each: the human capital frame and the more recent sociological frame, which highlights “modes of incorporation” and “contexts of reception.” Although research in immigrants' political incorporation is less developed than its economic and sociological counterparts, I pay close attention to the ways in which structural and contextual factors shape participation. Immigrants' geographic dispersal complements this trend toward contextualism by providing greater variation in their places of destination; that variation can help advance the comparative research agenda.Helen B. Marrow is a doctoral candidate in sociology and social policy at Harvard University ([email protected]). Preparation of this article was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship, a National Science Foundation Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT grant 98070661), a David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies Summer Research Grant, a Center for American Political Studies Dissertation Fellowship in American Politics, and a partial Rural Poverty Research Institute Rural Poverty Dissertation Fellowship. Opinions expressed here do not necessarily reflect the views of any of the supporting sources. Thanks to Mary Waters, Luisa Heredia, Jennifer Hochschild, Katherine Newman, William J. Wilson, and three anonymous reviewers for valuable feedback on previous drafts.

Type
Research Article
Information
Perspectives on Politics , Volume 3 , Issue 4 , December 2005 , pp. 781 - 799
Copyright
© 2005 American Political Science Association

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alba, Richard D., John R. Logan, Brian J. Stults, Gilbert Marzan, and Wenquan Zhang. 1999. Immigrant groups in the suburbs: A reexamination of suburbanization and spatial assimilation. American Sociological Review 64 (3): 446–60.Google Scholar
Aleinikoff, T. Alexander. 2001. Policing boundaries: Migration, citizenship, and the state. In E pluribus unum? Contemporary and historical perspectives on immigrant political incorporation, eds. Gary Gerstle and John H. Mollenkopf. New York: Russell Sage.
Bass, Loretta E., and Lynne M. Casper. 2001. Differences in registering and voting between native-born and naturalized citizens. Population Research and Policy Review 20 (6): 483–511.Google Scholar
Bean, Frank D., and Stephanie Bell-Rose, eds. 1999. Immigration and opportunity: Race, ethnicity, and employment in the United States. New York: Russell Sage.
Bean, Frank D., and Gillian Stevens. 2003. America's newcomers: Immigrant incorporation and the dynamics of diversity. New York: Russell Sage.
Bean, Frank D., Jennifer Van Hook, and Mark A. Fossett. 1999. Immigration, spatial and economic change, and African American employment. In Immigration and opportunity: Race, ethnicity, and employment in the United States, eds. Frank D. Bean and Stephanie Bell-Rose. New York: Russell Sage.
Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 2004. From bi-racial to tri-racial: Towards a new system of racial stratification in the U.S.A. Ethnic and Racial Studies 27 (6): 931–50.Google Scholar
Borjas, George J. 1985. Assimilation, changes in cohort quality, and the earnings of immigrants. Journal of Labor Economics 3 (4): 463–89.Google Scholar
Borjas, George J. 1998. Do blacks gain or lose from immigration? In Help or hindrance? The economic implications of immigration for African Americans, eds. Daniel S. Hamermesh and Frank D. Bean. New York: Russell Sage.
Butcher, Kristin F. 1998. An investigation of the effect of immigration on the labor-market outcomes of African Americans. In Help or hindrance? See Hamermesh and Bean 1998.
Calvo, Maria Antonia, and Steven J. Rosenstone. 1989. Hispanic political participation. San Antonio, TX: Southwest Voter Research Institute.
Chiswick, Barry R. 1978. A longitudinal analysis of the occupational mobility of immigrants. In Proceedings of the thirtieth annual winter meetings, Industrial Relations Research Association, ed. Barbara Dennis. Madison, WI: IRRA.
Cho, Wendy K. Tam. 1999. Naturalization, socialization, participation: Immigrants and (non-) voting. Journal of Politics 61 (4): 1140–55.Google Scholar
Cornelius, Wayne. 1998. The structural embeddedness of demand for Mexican immigrant labor: New evidence from California. In Crossings: Mexican immigration in interdisciplinary perspectives, ed. Marcelo Suárez-Orozco, 113–44. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Dahl, Robert Alan. 1961. Who governs? Democracy and power in an American city. New Haven: Yale University Press.
De Jong, Gordon F., and Quynh-Giang Tran. 2001. Warm welcome, cool welcome: Mapping receptivity toward immigrants in the U.S. Population Today 29 (8): 1, 4–5.Google Scholar
de la Garza, Rodolfo O. 2004. Latino politics. Annual Review of Political Science 7: 91–123.Google Scholar
de la Garza, Rodolfo O., Angelo Falcon, F. Chris García, and John A. García. 1992. Latino voices: Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban perspectives on American politics. Boulder, CO: Westview.
de la Garza, Rodolfo O., Martha Menchaca, and Louis DeSipio, eds. 1994. Barrio ballots: Latino politics in the 1990 elections. Boulder, CO: Westview.
DeSipio, Louis. 1996a. Counting the Latino vote: Latinos as a new electorate. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.
DeSipio, Louis. 1996b. Making citizens or good citizens: Naturalization as a predictor of organizational and electoral behavior among Latino immigrants. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 18 (2): 194–213.Google Scholar
DeSipio, Louis. 2001. Building America, one person at a time: Naturalization and political behavior of the naturalized in contemporary American politics. In Gerstle and Mollenkopf 2001, 67–106.
Deufel, Benjamin J. 2003. A working town welcome: Economic context and local receptivity toward Latino immigrants. Paper presented at the Research Workshop in American Politics, Cambridge, MA, April 28.
DeWind, Joshua, and Philip Kasinitz. 1997. Everything old is new again? Processes and theories of immigrant incorporation. International Migration Review 31 (4): 1096–112.Google Scholar
Dunn, Timothy J., Ana María Aragonés, and George Shivers. 2005. Recent Mexican immigration in the rural Delmarva peninsula: Human rights versus citizenship rights in a local context. In New destinations: Mexican immigration to the United States, eds. Victor Zúñiga and Rubén Hernández-León. New York: Russell Sage.
Durand, Jorge, Douglas Massey, and Chiara Capoferro. 2005. The new geography of Mexican immigration. In New destinations. See Zúñiga and Hernández-León 2005.
Edmonston, Barry, and Jeffrey Passel. 1999. How immigration and intermarriage affect the racial and ethnic composition of the U.S. population. In Immigration and opportunity. See Bean and Bell-Rose 1999.
Erie, Stephen. 1988. Rainbow's end: Irish-Americans and the dilemmas of urban machine politics, 1840–1984. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Fennelly, Katherine. 2005. Prejudice toward immigrants in the Midwest. Paper presented at the Immigration to the United States: New Sources and Destinations Conference, Russell Sage Foundation, New York, February 3–4.
Frey, William H. 1999. New black migration patterns in the United States: Are they affected by recent immigration? In Immigration and opportunity. See Bean and Bell-Rose 1999.
Frey, William H. 2001. Melting pot suburbs: A Census 2000 study of suburban diversity. Census 2000 Series. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
Frey, William H. 2002. Three Americas: The rising significance of regions. APA Journal 68 (4): 349–55.Google Scholar
Frey, William H., and Kao-Lee Liaw. 1999. Internal migration of foreign-born Latinos and Asians: Are they assimilating geographically? In Migration and restructuring in the United States: A geographic perspective, ed. Kavita Pandit and Suzanne Davies Withers, 212–30. New York: Rowman and Littlefield.
Friedberg, Rachel M., and Jennifer Hunt. 1999. Immigration and the receiving economy. In The handbook of international migration: The American experience, eds. Charles Hirschman, Philip Kasinitz, and Joshua DeWind. New York: Russell Sage.
Friedberg, Rachel M., and Jennifer Hunt. 1995. The impact of immigrants on host country wages, employment, and growth. Journal of Economic Perspectives 9 (2): 23–44.Google Scholar
Gans, Herbert. 1992. Second-generation decline: Scenarios for the economic and ethnic futures of the post-1965 American immigrants. Ethnic and Racial Studies 15 (2): 173–92.Google Scholar
Gans, Herbert. 1999. The possibility of a new racial hierarchy in the twenty-first-century United States. In The cultural territories of race: Black and white boundaries, ed. Michéle Lamont, 371–89. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Gerstle, Gary, and John H. Mollenkopf, eds. 2001. E pluribus unum? Contemporary and historical perspectives on immigrant political incorporation. New York: Russell Sage.
Gouveia, Lourdes, Miguel A. Carranza, and Jasney Cogua. 2005. The Great Plains migration: Mexicanos and Latinos in Nebraska. In New destinations. See Zúñiga and Hernández-León 2005.
Grenier, Guillermo, and Max Castro. 2001. Blacks and Cubans in Miami: The negative consequences of the Cuban enclave on ethnic relations. In Governing American cities: Inter-ethnic coalitions, competition, and conflict, ed. Michael Jones-Correa. New York: Russell Sage.
Griffith, David. 1993. Jones's minimal: Low-wage labor in the United States. Albany: SUNY Press.
Griffith, David. 2003. Impacts of immigrants on rural communities: A comparative discussion of Marshalltown, Iowa, Marshall, Minnesota, Beaufort County, North Carolina, and Hardee County, Florida. Unpublished manuscript, East Carolina University.
Griffith, David. 2005. Rural industry and Mexican immigration and settlement in North Carolina. In Zúñiga and Hernández-León 2005, 50–75.
Griffith, David, Ed Kissam, Jeronimo Camposeco, Anna Garcia, Max Pfeffer, David Runsten, and Manuel Valdés Pizzini. 1995. Working poor: Farmworkers in the United States. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Hamermesh, Daniel S. 1998. Immigration and the quality of jobs. In Help or hindrance? See Hamermesh and Bean 1998.
Hamermesh, Daniel S., and Frank D. Bean, eds. 1998. Help or hindrance? The economic implications of immigration for African Americans. New York: Russell Sage.
Hero, Rodney E. 1992. Latinos and the U.S. political system: Two-tiered pluralism. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Hill, Kevin, and Dario Moreno. 1996. Second-generation Cubans. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 18 (2): 173–93.Google Scholar
Hirschman, Charles. 1983. The melting pot reconsidered. Annual Review of Sociology 9: 397–423.Google Scholar
Hirschman, Charles, Philip Kasinitz, and Joshua DeWind, eds. 1999. The handbook of international migration: The American experience. New York: Russell Sage.
Hochschild, Jennifer L. 2005. From nominal to ordinal: Reconceiving racial and ethnic hierarchy in the United States. The politics of democratic inclusion, ed. Rodney E. Hero and Christina Wolbrecht, 19–44. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Huntington, Samuel P. 2004. Who are we? The challenges to America's national identity. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Johnson, James H. Jr., Walter C. Farrell Jr., and Chandra Guinn. 1999. Immigration reform and the browning of America: Tensions, conflicts, and community instability in metropolitan Los Angeles. In The handbook of international migration. See Hirschman, Kasinitz, and DeWind 1999.
Johnson, James H. Jr., Karen Johnson-Webb, and Walter C Farrell Jr. 1999. A profile of Hispanic newcomers in North Carolina. Popular Government 65 (1): 2–12.Google Scholar
Jones-Correa, Michael. 1998a. Between two nations: The political predicament of Latinos in New York City. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Jones-Correa, Michael. 1998b. Different paths: Immigration, gender, and political participation. International Migration Review 32 (2): 326–49.Google Scholar
Jones-Correa, Michael. 2000. Under two flags: Dual nationality in Latin America and its consequences for naturalization in the United States. International Migration Review 35 (4): 997–1029.Google Scholar
Jones-Correa, Michael. 2001a. Institutional and contextual factors in immigrant naturalization and voting. Citizenship Studies 5 (1): 41–56.Google Scholar
Jones-Correa, Michael, ed. 2001b. Governing American cities: Inter-ethnic coalitions, competition, and conflict. New York: Russell Sage.
Jones-Correa, Michael 2005. Bringing outsiders in: Questions of immigrant incorporation. In The politics of democratic inclusion, ed. Rodney E. Hero and Christina Wolbrecht, 75–101. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Jones-Correa, Michael, and David Leal. 2001. Political participation: Does religion matter? Political Research Quarterly 54 (4): 751–70.Google Scholar
Junn, Jane. 2000. Participation in liberal democracy: The political assimilation of immigrants and ethnic minorities in the United States. In Immigration research for a new century, ed. Nancy Foner, Rubén G. Rumbaut, and Steven J. Gold, 187–214. New York: Russell Sage.
Kandel, William, and Emilio A. Parrado. 2004. Industrial transformation and Hispanic migration to the American South: The case of the poultry industry. In Hispanic spaces, Latino places: Community and cultural diversity in contemporary America, ed. Daniel D. Arreola, 266–76. Austin: University of Texas Press.
Kasinitz, Philip, John Mollenkopf, and Mary C. Waters. 2002. Becoming American/becoming New Yorkers: Immigrant incorporation in a majority minority city.” International Migration Review 36 (4): 1020–36.Google Scholar
Lee, Jennifer, and Frank D. Bean. 2004. America's changing color lines: Immigration, race/ethnicity, and multiracial identification. American Sociological Review 30 (4): 221–42.Google Scholar
Lien, Pei-te. 1994. Ethnicity and political participation: A comparison between Asian and Mexican Americans. Political Behavior 16 (2): 237–64.Google Scholar
Lien, Pei-te, M. Margaret Conway, and Janelle Wong. 2004. The politics of Asian Americans: Diversity and community. New York: Routledge.
Logan, John. 2001. The new ethnic enclaves in America's suburbs. Albany: Lewis Mumford Center for Comparative Urban and Regional Research, SUNY. http://mumford.albany.edu/census/report.html.
López, David E. 1999. Social and linguistic aspects of assimilation today. In The handbook of international migration. See Hirschman, Kasinitz, and DeWind 1999.
Marrow, Helen B. 2005. Region, rural space, and new immigrant destination areas: A view from the rural and small-town U.S. South. Paper presented at the Navigating the Globalization of the American South Conference, UNC—CH, Chapel Hill, February 3–4.
Martin, Philip. 1995. Proposition 1987 in California. International Migration Review 29 (1): 255–63.Google Scholar
Millard, Ann, and Jorge Chapa, eds. 2004. Apple pie and enchiladas: Latino newcomers in the rural Midwest. Austin: University of Texas Press.
Mollenkopf, John H., David Olson, and Timothy Ross. 2001. Immigrant political participation in New York and Los Angeles. In Governing American cities. See Jones-Correa 2001b.
Oliver, J. Eric. 2001. Democracy in suburbia. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Pachón, Harry P. 1987. An overview of citizenship in the Hispanic community. International Migration Review 21 (2): 299–310.Google Scholar
Plotke, David. 1999. Immigration and political incorporation in the contemporary United States. In The handbook of international migration. See Hirschman, Kasinitz, and DeWind 1999.
Portes, Alejandro, and Robert L. Bach. 1985. Latin journey: A longitudinal study of Cuban and Mexican immigrants to the United States. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Portes, Alejandro, and Jozsef Borocz. 1989. Contemporary immigration: Theoretical perspectives on its determinants and modes of incorporation. International Migration Review 23 (3): 606–30.Google Scholar
Portes, Alejandro, and John W. Curtis. 1987. Changing flags: Naturalization and its determinants among Mexican immigrants. International Migration Review 21 (2): 352–71.Google Scholar
Portes, Alejandro, and Rafael Mozo. 1985. The political adaptation process of Cubans and other ethnic minorities in the United States: A preliminary analysis. International Migration Review 19 (1): 35–63.Google Scholar
Portes, Alejandro, and Rubén G. Rumbaut. 1996. Immigrant America: A portrait, rev. ed. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Portes, Alejandro, and Rubén G. Rumbaut. 2001. Legacies: The story of the immigrant second generation. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Portes, Alejandro, and Min Zhou. 1993. The new second generation: Segmented assimilation and its variants among post-1965 immigrant youth. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 530 (1): 74–96.Google Scholar
Portes, Alejandro, and Min Zhou. 1999. Entrepreneurship and economic progress in the 1990s: A comparative analysis of immigrants and African Americans. In Immigration and opportunity. See Bean and Bell-Rose 1999.
Raijman, Rebecca, and Marta Tienda. 1999. Immigrants' socioeconomic progress post-1965: Forging mobility or survival? In The handbook of international migration. See Hirschman, Kasinitz, and DeWind 1999.
Ramakrishnan, Karthick, and Thomas J. Espenshade. 2001. Immigrant incorporation and political participation in the United States. International Migration Review 35 (3): 870–909.Google Scholar
Rodríguez, Nestor. 1999. U.S. immigration and changing relations between African Americans and Latinos. In The handbook of international migration. See Hirschman, Kasinitz, and DeWind 1999.
Rosenfeld, Michael J., and Marta Tienda. 1999. Mexican immigration, occupational niches, and labor market competition: Evidence from Los Angeles, Chicago, and Atlanta, 1970–1990. In Immigration and opportunity. See Bean and Bell-Rose 1999.
Ruggles, Stevens, Matthew Sobek, Trent Alexander, Catherine A. Fitch, Ronald Goeken, Patricia Kelly Hall, Miriam King, and Chad Ronnander. 2004. Integrated Public Use Microdata Series: Version 3.0 [machine-readable database]. Minneapolis: Minnesota Population Center [producer and distributor]. http://www.ipums.org.
Saenz, Rogelio, and Cruz C. Torres. 2003. Latinos in rural America. In Challenges for rural America in the twenty-first century, eds. David L. Brown, Louis E. Swanson, and 57–70. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Saito, Leland T. 1998. Race and politics: Asian Americans, Latinos, and Whites in a Los Angeles suburb. Champaign-Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
Schmidley, Diane. 2003. The foreign born population in the United States: March 2002. Current Population Reports, Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/for-born.html.
Shefter, Martin. 1994. Political parties and the state: The American historical experience, ed. Martin Shefter. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Smith, James P., and Barry Edmonston, eds. 1998. The new Americans: Studies on the economic, demographic, and fiscal effects of immigration. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Sterne, Evelyn Savidge. 2001. Beyond the boss: Immigration and American political culture from 1880 to 1940. In E pluribus unum? See Gerstle and Mollenkopf 2001.
Stull, Don D., Michael J. Broadway, and David Griffith, eds. 1995. Any way you cut it: Meat processing and small town America. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press.
Suro, Roberto, and Audrey Singer. 2002. Latino growth in metropolitan America: Changing patterns, new locations. Survey Series, Census 2000. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution. http://www.brookings.edu/es/urban/publications/surosingerexsum.htm.
Suro, Roberto, and Sonya Tafoya. 2004. Dispersal and concentration: Patterns of Latino residential settlement. Washington, DC: Pew Hispanic Center.
Tienda, Marta, and Haya Stier. 1998. Immigration and native minority workers: Is there bad news after all? In Help or hindrance? See Hamermesh and Bean 1998.
Uhlaner, Carole J., Bruce E. Cain, and D. Roderick Kiewiet. 1989. Political participation of ethnic minorities in the 1980s. Political Behavior 11 (3): 195–231.Google Scholar
Verba, Sidney, Kay Lehman Schlozman, and Henry E. Brady. 1995. Voice and equality: Civic voluntarism in American politics. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Waldinger, Roger. 1996. Still the promised city? African Americans and new immigrants in post-industrial New York. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Waldinger, Roger. 1999. Network, bureaucracy, and exclusion: Recruitment and selection in an immigrant metropolis. In Immigration and opportunity. See Bean and Bell-Rose 1999.
Waters, Mary C. 1999. Black identities: West Indian immigrant dreams and American realities. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
White, Michael J., and Jennifer E. Glick. 1999. The impact of immigration on residential segregation. In Immigration and opportunity. See Bean and Bell-Rose 1999.
Wolfinger, Raymond. 1972. Politics of progress. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Yang, Philip Q. 1994. Explaining immigrant naturalization. International Migration Review 28 (3): 449–77.Google Scholar
Zolberg, Aristide, and Long Litt Woon. 1999. Why Islam is like Spanish: Cultural incorporation in Europe and the United States. Politics and Society 27 (1): 5–38.Google Scholar
Zúñiga, Victor, and Rubén Hernández-León, eds. 2005. New destinations: Mexican immigration to the United States. New York: Russell Sage.