Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T07:05:02.411Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Between Science and Engineering: Reflections on the APSA Presidential Task Force on Political Science, Electoral Rules, and Democratic Governance

Electoral Rules and Political Inclusion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2013

Mona Lena Krook  and
Robert G. Moser
Mona Lena Krook
Affiliation:
Rutgers University
Robert G. Moser
Affiliation:
University of Texas
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Political scientists have contributed to the world of electoral systems as scientists and as engineers. Taking stock of recent scientific research, we show that context modifies the effects of electoral rules on political outcomes in specific and systematic ways. We explore how electoral rules shape the inclusion of women and minorities, the depth and nature of political competition, and patterns of redistribution and regulation, and we consider institutional innovations that could promote political equality. Finally, we describe the diverse ways that political scientists produce an impact on the world by sharing and applying their knowledge of the consequences of electoral rules and global trends in reform.

Type
Symposium: Between Science and Engineering
Information
Perspectives on Politics , Volume 11 , Issue 3 , September 2013 , pp. 814 - 818
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alionescu, Ciprian-Calin. 2004. “Parliamentary Representation of Minorities in Romania.” Southeast European Politics 5(1): 60–75.Google Scholar
Baldez, Lisa. 2004. “Elected Bodies: Gender Quotas for Female Legislative Candidates in Mexico.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 29(2): 231–58.Google Scholar
Barkan, Joel. 1995. “Elections in Agrarian Societies.” Journal of Democracy 6(4): 106–16.Google Scholar
Bauer, Gretchen, and Britton, Hannah. 2006. “Women in African Parliaments: A Continental Shift?” In Women in African Parliaments, ed. Bauer, Gretchen and Britton, Hannah. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.Google Scholar
Beckwith, Karen, and Cowell-Meyers, Kimberly. 2007. “Sheer Numbers: Critical Representation Thresholds and Women's Political Representation.” Perspectives on Politics 5(3): 553–65.Google Scholar
Bird, Karen. 2003. “The Political Representation of Women and Ethnic Minorities in Established Democracies.” Presented at the Academy of Migration Studies in Denmark, Aalborg University, November 11, 2003.Google Scholar
Bjarnegård, Elin. 2013. Gender, Informal Institutions and Political Recruitment Explaining Male Dominance in Parliamentary Representation. New York: Palgrave.Google Scholar
Bush, Sarah Sunn. 2011. “International Politics and the Spread of Quotas for Women in Legislatures.” International Organization 65(1): 103–37.Google Scholar
Cameron, Charles, Epstein, David, and O'Halloran, Sharyn. 1996. “Do Majority-Minority Districts Maximize Substantive Black Representation in Congress?” American Political Science Review 90(4): 794–812.Google Scholar
Celis, Karen, Childs, Sarah, Kantola, Johanna, and Krook, Mona Lena. 2008. “Rethinking Women's Substantive Representation.” Representation 44(2): 99–110.Google Scholar
Celis, Karen, Krook, Mona Lena, and Meier, Petra. 2011. “The Rise of Gender Quota Laws: Expanding the Spectrum of Determinants for Electoral Reform.” West European Politics 34(3): 514–30.Google Scholar
Dahlerup, Drude, ed. 2006. Women, Quotas, and Politics. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Fréchette, Guillaume R., Maniquet, Francois, and Morelli, Massimo. 2008. “Incumbents' Interests, Voters' Bias and Gender Quotas.” American Journal of Political Science 52(4): 891–909.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freidenvall, Lenita, Dahlerup, Drude, and Skjeie, Hege. 2006. “The Nordic Countries: An Incremental Model.” In Women, Quotas, and Politics, ed. Dahlerup, Drude. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Geddis, Andrew. 2006. “A Dual Track Democracy? The Symbolic Role of the Maori Seats in New Zealand's Electoral System.” Election Law Journal 5(4): 347–71.Google Scholar
Hartzell, Caroline, and Hoddie, Matthew. 2003. “Institutionalizing Peace: Power Sharing and Post-Civil War Conflict Management.” American Journal of Political Science 47(2): 318–32.Google Scholar
Holmsten, Stephanie, Moser, Robert G., and Slosar, Mary. 2010. “Do Ethnic Parties Exclude Women?” Comparative Political Studies 43(10): 1179–201.Google Scholar
Htun, Mala. 2004. “Is Gender Like Ethnicity? The Political Representation of Identity Groups.” Perspectives on Politics 2(3): 439–58.Google Scholar
Htun, Mala, and Jones, Mark. 2002. “Engendering the Right to Participate in Decision Making: Electoral Quotas and Women's Leadership in Latin America.” In Gender and the Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin America, ed. Craske, Nikki and Molyneux, Maxine. London: Palgrave.Google Scholar
Htun, Mala, and Ossa, Juan Pablo. 2013. “Political Inclusion of Marginalized Groups: Indigenous Reservations and Gender Parity in Bolivia.” Politics, Groups, and Identities 1(1): 4–25.Google Scholar
Hughes, Melanie M. 2011. “Intersectionality, Quotas, and Minority Women's Political Representation Worldwide.” American Political Science Review 105(3): 604–20.Google Scholar
Hughes, Melanie, Krook, Mona Lena, and Paxton, Pamela. 2012. “Transnational Women's Activism and the Global Diffusion of Gender Quotas.” Working Paper under review.Google Scholar
Iversen, Torben, and Rosenbluth, Frances. 2008. “Work and Power: The Connection Between Female Labor Force Participation and Female Political Representation.” Annual Review of Political Science 11: 479–95.Google Scholar
Iversen, Torben, and Rosenbluth, Frances. 2010. Women, Work, and Politics: The Political Economy of Gender Equality. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Jones, Mark P. 2009. “Gender Quotas, Electoral Laws, and the Election of Women: Evidence from the Latin American Vanguard.” Comparative Political Studies 42(1): 56–81.Google Scholar
Kolinsky, Eva. 1991. “Political Participation and Parliamentary Careers: Women's Quotas in West Germany.” West European Politics 14(1): 56–72.Google Scholar
Krook, Mona Lena. 2007. “Gender and Political Institutions: Implementing Quotas for Women in Politics.” Presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Chicago, IL, August 30-September 2, 2007.Google Scholar
Krook, Mona Lena. 2009. Quotas for Women in Politics: Gender and Candidate Selection Reform Worldwide. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Krook, Mona Lena, and O'Brien, Diana Z.. 2010. “The Politics of Group Representation: Quotas for Women and Minorities Worldwide.” Comparative Politics 42(3): 253–72.Google Scholar
Krook, Mona Lena, O'Brien, Diana Z., and Swip, Krista M.. 2010. “Military Invasion and Women's Political Representation.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 12(1): 66–79.Google Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 2004. “Constitutional Choices for New Democracies.” Journal of Democracy 15(2): 96–109.Google Scholar
Longman, Timothy. 2006. “Rwanda: Achieving Equality or Serving an Authoritarian State?” In Women in African Parliaments, ed. Britton, Hannah and Bauer, Gretchen. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.Google Scholar
Lovenduski, Joni, and Norris, Pippa, eds. 1993. Gender and Party Politics. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Matland, Richard. 1993. “Institutional Variables Affecting Female Representation in National Legislatures: The Case of Norway.” Journal of Politics 55(3): 737–55.Google Scholar
Matland, Richard. 1998. “Women's Legislative Representation in National Legislatures: A Comparison of Democracies in Developed and Developing Countries.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 28(1): 109–25.Google Scholar
Matland, Richard, and Studlar, Donley T.. 1996. “The Contagion of Women Candidates in Single Member and Multi-Member Districts.” Journal of Politics 58(3): 707–33.Google Scholar
Meier, Petra. 2004. “The Mutual Contagion Effect of Legal and Party Quotas: A Belgian Perspective.” Party Politics 10(5): 583–600.Google Scholar
Moser, Robert G. 2001. “The Effects of Electoral Systems on Women's Representation in Post-Communist States.” Electoral Studies 20(3): 353–69.Google Scholar
Moser, Robert G. 2008. “Electoral Systems and the Representation of Ethnic Minorities: Evidence from Russia.” Comparative Politics 40(3): 273–92.Google Scholar
Moser, Robert G., and Scheiner, Ethan. 2012. Electoral Systems and Political Context: How the Effects of Rules Vary Across New and Established Democracies. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Norris, Pippa. 2004. Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paxton, Pamela, and Hughes, Melanie M.. 2007. Women, Politics and Power: A Global Perspective. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Reynolds, Andrew. 2005. “Reserved Seats in National Legislatures: A Research Note.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 30(2): 301–10.Google Scholar
Reynolds, Andrew. 2010. “Electoral Democratization in Nepal.” Journal of Contemporary Asia 40(3): 509–19.Google Scholar
Reynolds, Andrew. 2011. Designing Democracy in a Dangerous World. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Rigby, Andrew. 2000. “Lebanon: Patterns of Confessional Politics.” Parliamentary Affairs 53(1): 169–90.Google Scholar
Schwindt-Bayer, Leslie A. 2009. “Making Quotas Work: The Effect of Gender Quota Laws on the Election of Women.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 34(1): 5–28.Google Scholar
Schwindt-Bayer, Leslie A., Malecki, Michael, and Crisp, Brian. 2010. “Candidate Gender and Electoral Success in Single Transferable Vote Systems.” British Journal of Political Science 40(3): 693–709.Google Scholar
Schwindt-Bayer, Leslie A., and Mishler, William. 2005. “An Integrated Model of Women's Representation.” Journal of Politics 67(2): 407–28.Google Scholar
Strolovitch, Dara Z. 2006. “Do Interest Groups Represent the Disadvantaged? Advocacy at the Intersection of Race, Class, and Gender.” Journal of Politics 68(4): 893–908.Google Scholar
Towns, Ann E. 2010. Women and States: Norms and Hierarchies in International Studies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Van Cott, Donna. 2005. “Building Inclusive Democracies: Indigenous Peoples and Ethnic Minorities in Latin America.” Democratization 12(5): 820–37.Google Scholar
Waylen, Georgina. 2007. Engendering Transitions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar