Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-29T02:10:37.805Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Theileria parva live vaccination: parasite transmission, persistence and heterologous challenge in the field

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 March 2007

C. A. L. OURA ,
R. BISHOP ,
B. B. ASIIMWE ,
P. SPOONER ,
G. W. LUBEGA  and
A. TAIT
C. A. L. OURA*
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Makerere, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Glasgow Vet School, Bearsden Rd, Glasgow G611QH, UK Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Ash Road, Woking GU24ONF, Surrey
R. BISHOP
Affiliation:
International Livestock Research Institute, P.O Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
B. B. ASIIMWE
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Makerere, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
P. SPOONER
Affiliation:
International Livestock Research Institute, P.O Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
G. W. LUBEGA
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Makerere, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
A. TAIT
Affiliation:
Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Glasgow Vet School, Bearsden Rd, Glasgow G611QH, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Ash Road, Woking, Surrey, GU24 0NF. Tel: +01483 232441. Fax: +01483 232448. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The ‘Muguga cocktail’ live vaccine, delivered by an infection and treatment protocol, has been widely deployed in Eastern, Central and Southern Africa to protect cattle against East Coast fever, caused by Theileria parva. The vaccine contains 3 component stocks (Muguga, Serengeti-transformed and Kiambu 5). In a previous study, parasites from vaccinated and unvaccinated animals were genotyped with a panel of micro- and minisatellite markers (Oura et al.2004a) and it was shown that only the Kiambu 5 stock establishes a long-term carrier state but there was no evidence for the transmission of this stock. Also parasite genotypes different from the 3 component vaccine stocks were identified in vaccinated animals. We now report a follow-up study on the same farm, some 4 years after the initial vaccination, aimed at establishing the source of the novel parasite genotypes identified in vaccinated cattle, determining the longevity of the carrier state established by the Kiambu 5 vaccine stock and re-examining whether vaccine transmission can occur over a longer time-scale. To do this, samples were taken from vaccinated and unvaccinated cattle and the parasites were genotyped with a series of micro- and minisatellite markers. The data indicate that the vaccine stabilates contain at least 6 parasite genotypes, the Kiambu 5 stock can be detected in many but not all vaccinated cattle for up to 4 years and can be transmitted to unvaccinated cattle which share grazing and that some of the vaccinated animals become infected with local genotypes without causing overt disease.

Keywords

Theileria parva‘Muguga Cocktail’ vaccinecarrier statemini- and microsatellites
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 134 , Issue 9 , August 2007 , pp. 1205 - 1213
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bishop, R., Geysen, D., Skilton, R., Odongo, D., Nene, V., Allsopp, B., Mbogo, S., Spooner, P. and Morzaria, S. (2002). Genomic polymorphism, sexual recombination and molecular epidemiology of Theileria parva. In Theileria (ed. McKeever, D. and Dobbelaere, D.), pp. 23–40. Kluwer Academic Press, The Netherlands.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bishop, R. P., Sohanpal, B. K., Kariuki, D. P., Young, A. S., Nene, V., Baylis, H., Allsopp, B. A., Spooner, P. R., Dolan, T. T. and Morzaria, S. P. (1992). Detection of a carrier state in Theileria parva infected cattle using the polymerase chain reaction. Parasitology 104, 215–232.Google Scholar
Bishop, R., Geysen, D., Spooner, P., Skilton, R., Nene, V., Dolan, T. and Morzaria, S. (2001). Molecular and immunological characterisation of Theileria parva stocks which are components of the Muguga cocktail used for vaccination against East Coast fever in cattle. Veterinary Parasitology 94, 227–237.Google Scholar
Conrad, P. A., Iams, K., Brown, W. C., Sohanpal, B. and Ole-Moiyoi, O. K. (1987). DNA probes detect genomic diversity in Theileria parva stocks. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 25, 213–226.Google Scholar
Geysen, D., Bishop, R., Skilton, R., Dolan, T. and Morzaria, S. (1999). Molecular epidemiology of Theileria parva in the field. Tropical Medicine and International Health 4, A21–A27.Google Scholar
Geysen, D., Bazarusanga, T., Brandt, J. and Dolan, T. T. (2004). An unusual mosaic structure of the PIM gene of Theileria parva and its relationship to allelic diversity. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 133, 163–174.Google Scholar
Kariuki, D. P., Young, A. S., Morzaria, S. P., Lesan, A. C., Mining, S. K., Omwoyo, P., Wafula, J. L. M. and Molyneux, D. H. (1995). Theileria parva carrier state in naturally infected and artificially immunised cattle. Tropical Animal Health and Production 27, 15–25.Google Scholar
Moll, G., Lohding, A. and Young, A. S. (1984). Epidemiology of theileriosis in the Trans-Mara Division, Kenya: Husbandry and disease background and preliminary observations on theileriosis in calves. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 2, 801–831.Google Scholar
Moll, G., Lohding, A., Young, A. S. and Leitch, B. (1986). Epidemiology of theileriosis in calves in an endemic area of Kenya. Veterinary Parasitology 19, 255–273.Google Scholar
Morzaria, S., Spooner, P., Bishop, R. and Mwaura, S. (1999). The preparation of a composite stabilate for immunization against East Coast fever. In Live Vaccines for Theileria parva: Deployment in Eastern, Central and Southern Africa. Proceedings of a Joint OAU, FAO and ILRI Workshop held at the International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya 10–12 March, 1997 (ed. Morzaria, S. and Williamson, S), pp. 56–61.Google Scholar
Morzaria, S. and Williamson, S. (1999). Current country status reports. In Live Vaccines for Theileria parva: Deployment in Eastern, Central and Southern Africa. Proceedings of a Joint OAU, FAO and ILRI Workshop held at ILRI, Nairobi, Kenya 10–12 March, 1997, pp. 5–41.Google Scholar
Ochiba, P. M., Otim, C. P. and Okello-Onen, J. (1999). Tick and Tick-borne Disease Control in Eastern, Central and Southern Africa, 1991–1994. Proceedings of a Joint OAU, FAO and ILRI Workshop held in Lilongwe Malawi, 25–28 April 1994. ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute), Nairobi, Kenya (ed. Musisi, F. M. and Dolan, T. T.), pp. 44–47.Google Scholar
Oura, C. A. L., Odongo, D. O., Lubega, G. W., Spooner, P. R., Tait, A. and Bishop, R. P. (2003). A panel of microsatellite and minisatellite markers for the characterization of field isolates of Theileria parva. International Journal for Parasitology 33, 1641–1653.Google Scholar
Oura, C. A. L., Bishop, R., Lubega, G. and Tait, A. (2004 a). The persistence of component Theileria parva stocks in cattle immunized with the ‘Muguga cocktail’ live vaccine against East coast fever in Uganda. Parasitology 129, 27–42.Google Scholar
Oura, C. A. L., Bishop, R., Wampande, E. M., Lubega, G. W. and Tait, A. (2004 b). Application of a Reverse Line Blot assay to the study of haemoparasites in cattle in Uganda. International Journal for Parasitology 34/5, 603–613.Google Scholar
Oura, C. A. L., Asiimwe, B., Weir, W., Lubega, G. W. and Tait, A. (2005). Population genetics and sub-structuring of Theileria parva in Uganda. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 149, 229–239.Google Scholar
Radley, D. E. (1981). Infection and treatment immunization against Theileriosis. In Advances in the Control of Theileriosis (ed. Irvin, A. D., Cunnungham, M. P. and Young, A. S), pp. 227–237. Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague.Google Scholar
Radley, D. E., Brown, C. D. G., Burridge, M. J., Cunningham, M. P., Kirimi, I. M., Purnell, R. E. and Young, A. S. (1975 a). East Coast Fever. 1 Chemoprophylactic immunization of cattle against Theileria parva (Muguga) and five theilerial strains. Veterinary Parasitology 1, 35–41.Google Scholar
Radley, D. E., Brown, C. G. D., Cunningham, M. P., Kimber, C. D., Musisi, F. L., Payne, R. E., Purnell, R. E., Stagg, S. M. and Young, A. S. (1975 b). Chemoprophylactic immunization of cattle using oxytetracycline and a combination of theilerial strains. Veterinary Parasitology 1, 51–60.Google Scholar
Skilton, R. A., Bishop, R. P., Katende, J. M., Mwaura, S. and Morzaria, S. P. (2002). The persistence of Theileria parva infection in cattle immunised using two stocks which differ in their ability to induce a carrier state: analysis using a novel blood spot PCR assay. Parasitology 124, 265–276.Google Scholar
Young, A. S. (1981) The epidemiology of Theileriosis in East Africa. In Advances in the Control of Theileriosis (ed. Irvin, A. D., Cunningham, M. P. and Young, A. S.), pp. 38–55. Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague.Google Scholar