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Studies on antimalarial drug susceptibility in Colombia, in relation to Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 April 2008

E. RESTREPO-PINEDA ,
E. ARANGO ,
A. MAESTRE ,
V. E. DO ROSÁRIO  and
P. CRAVO
E. RESTREPO-PINEDA
Affiliation:
Grupo Malaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Calle 62 # 52-59, Medellín, Colombia
E. ARANGO
Affiliation:
Grupo Malaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Calle 62 # 52-59, Medellín, Colombia
A. MAESTRE
Affiliation:
Grupo Malaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Calle 62 # 52-59, Medellín, Colombia
V. E. DO ROSÁRIO
Affiliation:
Centro de Malária e Outras Doenças Tropicais/IHMT/UEI Biologia Molecular/UEI Malária, Lisbon, Portugal, Rua da Junqueira 96, Código postal: 1349-008
P. CRAVO
Affiliation:
Centro de Malária e Outras Doenças Tropicais/IHMT/UEI Biologia Molecular/UEI Malária, Lisbon, Portugal, Rua da Junqueira 96, Código postal: 1349-008
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Summary

In Colombia, Plasmodium resistance to antimalarials such as chloroquine and antifolates is a serious problem. As a result, the national Colombian health authorities are monitoring the efficacy of alternative drugs and schemes. The study of genetic polymorphisms related with drug resistance is required in the region. In vitro responses to chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, amodiaquine, desethylamodiaquine, artesunate and dihydroartesunate were carried out by HRP ELISA. SNP analysis in Pfcrt and Pfmdr1 genes was performed by PCR-RFLP in 77 samples from the North West region of Colombia. In vitro resistance to chloroquine was high (74%), followed by mefloquine (30%) and desethylamodiaquine (30%). A positive correlation between the IC50 of paired drugs was also detected. The allele Pfmdr1 N86 (wild) was present in 100% of the samples and 1246Y (mutant) in 92%. However, their presence did not correlate with in vitro drug resistance. Presence of the mutations K76T and N75E in Pfcrt was confirmed in all samples. Analysis of 4 codons (72, 74, 75 and 76) in pfcrt confirmed the presence of the haplotypes CMET in 91% and SMET in 9% of the samples.

Keywords

malariaPlasmodium falciparumpfcrtpfmdrColombia
Type
Original Articles
Information
Parasitology , Volume 135 , Issue 5 , May 2008 , pp. 547 - 553
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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