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The role of melanization in the immune reaction of larvae of Drosophila algonquin against Pseudeucoila bochei

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

A. J. Nappi
A. J. Nappi
Affiliation:
Biological Sciences, State University College, Oswego, New York 13126
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Extract

The immune reaction of larvae of D. algonquin against P. bochei was characterized either by the melanization and encapsulation of the parasites or by the production of melanized particles. In successful host reactions the eggs of the parasite were killed before they were completely melanized and encapsulated by haemocytes. When host larvae were transferred during the early stages of infection to a diet that contained phenylthiourea (PTU), the incidence of melanization and encapsulation of the parasites was significantly reduced. However, if the hosts were transferred to the diet just before the eggs of the parasite were normally melanized, PTU had virtually no inhibitory effect, and the immune reaction rate remained very high. These results suggest that the biochemical reactions associated with melanization constitute an important part of the immune reaction of D. algonquin. The data provide additional evidence to support the idea advanced by other workers that the phenoloxidase system plays an important role in insect immunity against some internal metazoan parasites. It is suggested that, during infection, the phenoloxidase system of the haemocytes is activated by hormonal imbalance.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 66 , Issue 1 , February 1973 , pp. 23 - 32
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1973

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