Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T15:41:15.778Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Pattern and paradox in parasite reproduction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

P. Calow
P. Calow
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Parasites are more fecund than free-living relatives. The traditional explanation of this is that parasites have to compensate for massive mortality in the transmission phase of their life cycles, but there are neo-Darwinian problems with this interpretation. Similarly, parasites invest more resources in reproduction than free-living relatives but often live longer as adults, and yet negative correlations are expected between fecundity and longevity. These patterns and paradoxes are discussed within the context of a general life-cycle theory. The theory is also used to address questions concerning the influence of age-specific mortality on life-cycle patterns, the trade-off between gamete size and numbers, and the relative merits of gametic and non-gametic reproduction. Wherever possible, the theory is related to facts about parasites.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 86 , Issue 4 , April 1983 , pp. 197 - 207
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1983

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Boddington, M. J. & Mettrick, D. F. (1981). Production and reproduction in Hymenolepis diminuta. Canadian Journal of Zoology 59, 1962–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Calow, P. (1979). Costs of reproduction – a physiological approach. Biological Reviews 54, 23–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Calow, P. (1981). Resource utilization and reproduction. In Physiological Ecology. An Evolutionary Approach to Resource Use (ed. Townsend, C. R. and Calow, P.), pp. 245–270. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
Calow, P. (1983). Economics of ontogeny. Adaptational aspects. In British Ecological Society Symposium on Evolutionary Ecology (ed. Shorrocks, B.), Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
Calow, P. & Sibly, R. (1983). Physiological trade-offs and the evolution of life cycles. Science Progress (in the Press).Google Scholar
Calow, P. & Townsend, C. R. (1981). Resource utilization in growth. In Physiological Ecology. An Evolutionary Approach to Resource Use (ed. Townsend, C. R. and Calow, P.), pp. 220–224. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
Charlesworth, B. (1980). Evolution in Age-structured Populations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Dogiel, V. A. (1965). General Protozoology, 2nd ed., revised by Poljanskij, T. I. and Chejsin, E. M.. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Heyneman, D. (1960). On the origin of complex life cycles in the digenetic flukes. In Libro Homenaje al Dr. Eduardo Caballero y Caballero, pp. 133–152, Secretaria de Educacion Publica, Inst. Politecnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Crencias Biologicas, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Hirshfield, M. F. (1980). An experimental analysis of reproductive effort and cost in the Japanese Medaka, Oryzias latipes. Ecology 61, 287–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hyman, L. H. (1940). The Invertebrates: Protozoa through Ctenophora. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Jennings, J. B. & Calow, P. (1975). The relationship between high fecundity and the evolution of entoparasitism. Oecologia 21, 109–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kennedy, C. R. (1975). Ecological Animal Parasitology. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
Lack, D. (1947). The significance of clutch size. Parts I and II. Ibis 89, 302–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lack, D. (1954). The Natural Regulation of Animal Numbers. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Moore, J. (1981). Asexual reproduction and environmental predictability in cestodes (Cyclo-phyllidea: Taeniidae). Evolution 35, 723–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Price, P. W. (1974). Strategies for egg production. Evolution 28, 76–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schaffer, W. M. (1974). Selection for optimal life histories: the effects of age structure. Ecology 55, 291–303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaffer, W. M. & Rosenzweig, M. L. (1977). Selection for optimal life-history. II. Multiple equilibria and the evolution of alternative reproductive strategies. Ecology 58, 60–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sibly, R. & Calow, P. (1982). Asexual reproduction in Protozoa and invertebrates. Journal of Theoretical Biology 96, 401–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sibly, R. & Calow, P. (1983). An integrated approach to life-cycle evolution using selective landscapes. (in the Press.)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, F. E. (1954). Quantitative aspects of population growth. In Dynamics ofGrowth Processes, (ed. Boell, E. J.). pp. 277–294. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Wardle, R. A. & McLeod, J. A. (1952). The Zoology of Tapeworms. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar