Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T23:24:12.319Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Parasite dose, prevalence of infection and local adaptation in a host–parasite system

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 March 2004

E. E. OSNAS  and
C. M. LIVELY
E. E. OSNAS
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47401-3700, USA
C. M. LIVELY
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47401-3700, USA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Parasites have been found to be more infective to sympatric hosts (local adaptation) in some systems but not in others. The variable nature of results might arise due to differences in host and/or parasite migration rates, parasite virulence, specificity of infection, and to differences in the dose–response functions. We tested this latter possibility by manipulating the dose of trematode (Microphallus sp.) eggs on sympatric and allopatric host populations (Potamopyrgus antipodarum). We found that infection rapidly increased to a high asymptote (0·88±0·02, 1 S.E.) in the sympatric host population, but infections were low and surprisingly unrelated to dose in the allopatric host. We also found that host survival and growth rate were not negatively affected by increasing parasite dose in either population. These results suggest that defences in the allopatric host were not overwhelmed at high parasite doses, and that any life-history costs of defence are not plastic responses to parasite dose.

Keywords

local adaptationcoevolutioninfection prevalencePotamopyrgus antipodarumMicrophallus sp.trematode infectionmatching alleles
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 128 , Issue 2 , February 2004 , pp. 223 - 228
Copyright
2004 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

BALLABENI, P. & WARD, P. I. (1993). Local adaptation of the tremadote Diplostomum phoxini to the European minnow Phoxinus phoxinus, its 2nd intermediate host. Functional Ecology 7, 84–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DYBDAHL, M. F. & LIVELY, C. M. (1996). The geography of coevolution: comparative population structures for a snail and its trematode parasite. Evolution 50, 2264–2275.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
EBERT, D. (1994). Virulence and local adaptation of a horizontally transmitted parasite. Science 265, 1084–1086.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
EBERT, D., ZSCHOKKE-ROHRINGER, C. D. & CARIUS, H. J. (2000). Dose effects and density-dependent regulation of two microparasites of Daphnia magna. Oecologia 122, 200–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
FRANK, S. A. (1994). Recognition and polymorphism in host–parasite genetics. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B 346, 283–293.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
GANDON, S. (2002). Local adaptation and the geometry of host–parasite coevolution. Ecology Letters 5, 246–256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
GANDON, S., CAPOWIEZ, Y., DUBOIS, Y., MICHALAKIS, Y. & OLIVIER, I. (1996). Local adaptation and gene-for-gene coevolution in a metapopulation model. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B 263, 1003–1009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HAMILTON, W. D., AXELROD, R. & TANESE, R. (1990). Sexual reproduction as an adaptation to resist parasites (a review). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 87, 3566–3573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
JOKELA, J. & LIVELY, C. M. (1995). Spatial variation in infection by digenetic trematodes in a population of fresh-water snails (Potamopyrgus antipodarum). Oecologia 103, 509–517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
KALTZ, O., GANDON, S., MICHALAKIS, Y. & SHYKOFF, J. A. (1999). Local maladaptation in the anther-smut fungus Microbotryum violaceum to its host plant Silene latifolia: Evidence from a cross-inoculation experiment. Evolution 53, 395–407.Google Scholar
KRAAIJEVELD, A. R. & GODFRAY, H. C. J. (2001). Is there local adaptation in Drosophila-parasitoid interactions? Evolutionary Ecology Research 3, 107–116.Google Scholar
KRIST, A. C., LIVELY, C. M., LEVRI, E. P. & JOKELA, J. (2000). Spatial variation in susceptibility to infection in a snail–trematode interaction. Parasitology 121, 395–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LIVELY, C. M. (1987). Evidence from a New Zealand snail for the maintenance of sex by parasitism. Nature, London 328, 519–521.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LIVELY, C. M. (1989). Adaptation by a parasitic trematode to local-populations of its snail host. Evolution 43, 1663–1671.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LIVELY, C. M. (1999). Migration, virulence, and the geographic mosaic of adaptation by parasites. The American Naturalist 153, S34–S47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LIVELY, C. M. & DYBDAHL, M. F. (2000). Parasite adaptation to locally common host genotypes. Nature, London 405, 679–681.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LIVELY, C. M. & McKENZIE, J. C. (1991). Experimental infection of a freshwater snail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum, with a digenetic trematode, Microphallus sp. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 18, 59–62.Google Scholar
LIVINGSTON, M. E., BIGGS, B. J. & GIFFORD, J. S. (1986). Inventory of New Zealand Lakes. Part II South Island: Water and Soil Directorate, Ministry of Works and Development. Wellington North, New Zealand.
McCOY, K. D., BOULINIER, T., SCHJORRING, S. & MICHALAKIS, Y. (2002). Local adaptation of the ectoparasite Ixodes uriae to its seabird host. Evolutionary Ecology Research 4, 441–456.Google Scholar
MINCHELLA, D. J., LEATHERS, B. N., BROWN, K. M. & McNAIR, J. N. (1985). Host and parasite counter adaptations: an example from a freshwater snail. The American Naturalist 126, 843–854.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MUTIKAINEN, P., SALONEN, V., PUUSTINEN, S. & KOSKELA, T. (2000). Local adaptation, resistance, and virulence in a hemiparasitic plant–host plant interaction. Evolution 54, 433–440.Google Scholar
OPPLIGER, A., VERNET, R. & BAEZ, M. (1999). Parasite local maladaptation in the Canarian lizard Gallotia galloti (Reptilia: Lacertidae) parasitized by haemogregarian blood parasite. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 12, 951–955.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
PARKER, M. A. (1985). Local population differentiation for compatibility in an annual legume (Amphicarpaea bracteata) and its host-specific fungal pathogen (Synchytrium decipiens). Evolution 39, 713–723.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ROY, B. A. (1998). Differentiating the effects of origin and frequency in reciprocal transplant experiments used to test negative frequency-dependent selection hypotheses. Oecologia 115, 73–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
spss (2001). SPSS for Windows. Chicago: SPSS Inc.
WINTERBOURN, M. J. (1970). Population studies on the New Zealand freshwater gastropod Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray). Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 39, 139–149.Google Scholar
WINTERBOURN, M. J. (1974). Larval Trematoda parasitizing the New Zealand species of Potamopyrgus (Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Mauri Ora 2, 17–30.Google Scholar