Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T20:00:29.985Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Molecular study of Echinococcus in west-central China

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 June 2005

Y. R. YANG ,
M. C. ROSENZVIT ,
L. H. ZHANG ,
J. Z. ZHANG  and
D. P. MCMANUS
Y. R. YANG
Affiliation:
Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Q 4006, Australia Ningxia Medical College, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 75004, PR China
M. C. ROSENZVIT
Affiliation:
Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto National de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI), ANLIS ‘Dr. Carlos G. Malbràn’, Vélez Sarsfield 563, 1281 Buenos Aires, Argentina
L. H. ZHANG
Affiliation:
Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Q 4006, Australia
J. Z. ZHANG
Affiliation:
Ningxia Medical College, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 75004, PR China
D. P. MCMANUS
Affiliation:
Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Q 4006, Australia
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

West-central China is an important endemic focus of both alveolar and cystic echinococcosis where several species of intermediate host are commonly infected with Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis. Isolates of E. granulosus were collected from humans and other animals from different geographical areas of Qinghai, Ningxia, Gansu and Sichuan, and genotyped using the mitochondrial DNA marker ATP synthase subunit 6 gene (atp6). The sheep strain (G1 genotype) of E. granulosus was shown to be the only genotype present in sheep, cattle, goats, yaks and humans in the study areas. However, some heterogeneity in the atp6 sequence was evident in a number of the isolates with the most frequent change being a silent substitution (G/A) at position 360 compared with the G1 reference sequence representing isolates collected from the majority of hosts except humans. Two E. multilocularis isolates examined also had sequences that varied from each other and from the reference E. multilocularis atp6 sequence. The genotypic variation we report may reflect phenotypic differences with important consequences in terms of increased host infectivity for hosts by local Echinococcus strains, possibly impacting on the epidemiology and control of echinococcosis. Such adaptations may also result in different sensitivity to drugs or increased virulence for hosts that will impede control efforts and even affect vaccination strategies against Echinococcus.

Keywords

Echinococcus granulosusEchinococcus multilocularisechinococcosismitochondrial atp6 sequencewest-central China
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 131 , Issue 4 , October 2005 , pp. 547 - 555
Copyright
© 2005 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bessonov, A. S., Gorokhov, V. V., Darchenkova, N. N., Romanenko, N. A., Zavoikin, V. D., Artamoshin, A. S., Zelia, O. P., Novosiltsev, G. I., Lebedeva, M. N., Khalilullina, A. S., Frolova, A. A. and Sergiev, V. P. ( 1998). [The epizootic situation in regions of the North in Russia and the risk of human infection with biohelminthiases.] Meditsinskaia Parazitologiia i Parazitarnye Bolezni 3, 19–23.Google Scholar
Bowles, J., Blair, D. and McManus, D. P. ( 1992). Genetic variants within the genus Echinococcus identified by mitochondrial DNA sequencing. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 54, 165–173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowles, J., Blair, D. and McManus, D. P. ( 1994). Molecular genetic characterization of the cervid strain (‘northern form’) of Echinococcus granulosus. Parasitology 109, 215–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowles, J. and McManus, D. P. ( 1993 a). NADH dehydrogenase 1 gene sequences compared for species and strains of the genus Echinococcus. International Journal for Parasitology 23, 969–972.Google Scholar
Bowles, J. and McManus, D. P. ( 1993 b). Molecular variation in Echinococcus. Acta Tropica 53, 291–305.Google Scholar
Craig, P. S., Deshan, L., MacPherson, C. N., Dazhong, S., Reynolds, D., Barnish, G., Gottstein, B. and Zhirong, W. ( 1992). A large focus of alveolar echinococcosis in central China. Lancet 340, 826–831.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Craig, P. S., Deshan, L. and Zhaoxun, D. ( 1991). Hydatid disease in China. Parasitology Today 7, 46–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Craig, P. S., Zeyhle, E. and Romig, T. ( 1986). Hydatid disease: research and control in Turkana. II. The role of immunological techniques for the diagnosis of hydatid disease. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 80, 183–192.Google Scholar
Eckert, J. and Thompson, R. C. ( 1997). Intraspecific variation of Echinococcus granulosus and related species with emphasis on their infectivity to humans. Acta Tropica 64, 19–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
French, C. M. and Nelson, G. S. ( 1982). Hydatid disease in the Turkana District of Kenya II. A study in medical geography. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 76, 439–457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gasser, R. B., Zhu, X. and McManus, D. P. ( 1988). Display of sequence variation in PCR-amplified mitochondrial DNA regions of Echinococcus by single-strand conformation polymorphism. Acta Tropica 71, 107–115.Google Scholar
Haag, K. L., Zaha, A., Araujo, A. M. and Gottstein, B. ( 1997). Reduced genetic variability within coding and non-coding regions of the Echinococcus multilocularis genome. Parasitology 115 (Suppl.), S521–S529.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hong, L. X. and Lin, G. Y. ( 1987). Studies on the development and histopathology of alveolar cestode of Echinococcus multilocularis in human and animal hosts. Endemic Diseases Bulletin (in Chinese) 2, 51–53.Google Scholar
Jiang, C. ( 2002). Today's regional distribution of echinococcosis in China. Chinese Medical Journal 115, 1244–1247.Google Scholar
Kamenetzky, L., Gutierrez, A. M., Canova, S. G., Haag, K. L., Guarnera, E. A., Parra, A., Garcia, G. E. and Rosenzvit, M. C. ( 2002). Several strains of Echinoccocus granulosus infect livestock and humans in Argentina. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 2, 129–136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumar, S., Tamura, K., Jakobsen, I. B. and Nei, M. ( 2001). MEGA2: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis software. Bioinformatics 17, 1244–1245.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lavikainen, A., Lehtinen, M. J., Meri, T., Hirvela-Koski, V. and Meri, S. ( 2003). Molecular genetic characterization of Fennoscandian cervid strain, a new genotypic group (G10) of Echinococcus granulosus. Parasitology 127, 207–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, W. X., Zhang, G. C., Lin, Y. G. and Hong, L. X. ( 1985). Natural animal hosts of adult Echinococcus multilocularis and morphological studies in China. Acta Zoonologica Clinica (in Chinese) 31, 365–367.Google Scholar
Macpherson, C. N., Zeyhle, E. and Romig, T. ( 1984). An Echinococcus pilot control programme for northwest Turkana, Kenya. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 78, 188–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McManus, D. P. ( 2002). The molecular epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus and cystic hydatid disease. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 96 (Suppl. 1), S151–S157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McManus, D. P., Ding, Z. and Bowles, J. ( 1994). A molecular genetic survey indicates the presence of a single, homogeneous strain of Echinococcus granulosus in northwestern China. Acta Tropica 56, 7–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McManus, D. P. and Thompson, R. C. ( 2003). Molecular epidemiology of cystic echinococcosis. Parasitology 127 (Suppl.), S37–S51.CrossRef
McManus, D. P., Zhang, L., Castrodale, L. J., Le, T. H., Pearson, M. and Blair, D. ( 2002) Short report: molecular genetic characterization of an unusually severe case of hydatid disease in Alaska caused by the cervid strain of Echinococcus granulosus. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 67, 296–298.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qiu, J. M., Liu, F. J. and Schantz, P. M. ( 1999). Epidemiology of echinococcosis in a Tibetan community in western Sichuan. In Proceedings of the Workshop of Echinococcosis Control Strategy in China (in Chinese). pp. 168, Institute for Endemic Disease Research and Control, Urumqi, Xinjiang.
Rausch, R. L. ( 2003). Cystic echinococcosis in the Arctic and Sub-Arctic. Parasitology 127 (Suppl.), S73–S85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rinder, H., Rausch, R. L., Takahashi, K., Kopp, H., Thomschke, A. and Loscher, T. ( 1997). Limited range of genetic variation in Echinococcus multilocularis. Journal of Parasitology 83, 1045–1050.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rozenzvit, M. C., Zhang, L. H., Kamenetzky, L., Canova, S. G., Guarnera, E. A. and McManus, D. P. ( 1999). Genetic variation and epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus in Argentina. Parasitology 118, S523–S530.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, J. C and McManus, D. P. ( 1994). The random amplification of polymorphic DNA can discriminate species and strains of Echinococcus. Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 45, 1–4.Google Scholar
Scott, J. C., Stefaniak, J., Pawlowski, Z. S. and McManus, D. P. ( 1997). Molecular genetic analysis of human cystic hydatid cases from Poland: identification of a new genotypic group (G9) of Echinococcus granulosus. Parasitology 114, 37–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seimenis, A. ( 2003). Overview of the epidemiological situation on echinococcosis in the Mediterranean region. Acta Tropica 85, 191–195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shi, D. ( 1995). The first report of Echinococcus multilocularis in domestic dogs in Zhang County of Gansu Province. Chinese Medicine Journal 108, 615–617.Google Scholar
Thompson, R. C. A. and McManus, D. P. ( 2001). Aetiology: parasites and life-cycles. In WHO/OIE Manual on Echinococcosis in Humans and Animals: a Public Health Problem of Global Concern ( ed. Eckert, J., Gemmell, M. A., Meslin, F. X. and Pawlowski, Z. S.), pp. 1–9. World Organisation for Animal Health, Paris, France.
Thompson, R. C., Lymbery, A. J. and Constantine, C. C. ( 1995). Variation in Echinococcus: towards a taxonomic revision of the genus. Advances in Parasitology 35, 145–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, R. C. and McManus, D. P. ( 2002). Towards a taxonomic revision of the genus Echinococcus. Trends in Parasitology 18, 452–457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vuitton, D. A., Zhou, H., Bresson-Hadni, S., Wang, Q., Piarroux, M., Raoul, F. and Giraudoux, P. ( 2003). Epidemiology of alveolar echinococcosis with particular reference to China and Europe. Parasitology 127 (Suppl.), S87–S107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xiao, N., Qiu, J., Nakao, M., Li, T., Yang, W., Chen, X., Schantz, P. M., Craig, P. S. and Ito, A. ( 2005). Echinococcus shiquicus n. sp., a taeniid cestode from Tibetan fox and plateau pike in China. International Journal for Parasitology (in the Press).
Zhang, L. H., Chai, J. J., Jiao, W., Osman, Y. and McManus, D. P. ( 1998). Mitochondrial genomic markers confirm the presence of the camel strain (G6 genotype) of Echinococcus granulosus in north-western China. Parasitology 116, 29–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, L., Gasser, R. B., Zhu, X. and McManus, D. P. ( 1999). Screening for different genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus within China and Argentina by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 93, 329–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar