Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T07:59:28.022Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Life history of Gigantobilharzia huronensis Najim, 1950. A dermatitis-producing bird blood-fluke (Trematoda-Schistosomatidae)*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Abbas T. Najim
Abbas T. Najim
Affiliation:
College of Arts and Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

1. The life cycle of Gigantobilharzia huronensis Najim, 1950, was determined experimentally. The snail, Physa gyrina (Say), served as the intermediate host. The natural definitive hosts were goldfinches (Spinus tristis tristis) and the cardinals (Richmondena cardinalis). Chicks and canaries served as susceptible hosts in the laboratory

2. The shortest time recorded for the hatching of eggs in water is about 20 min. Cercariae were liberated from the snail as early as 24 days after exposure. Eggs were found in the faeces of the definitive host 31 days after the first exposure to the cercariae.

3. Adult worms are elongate and filiform. Females are longer than males, and in both sexes the oral and ventral suckers are absent. The cuticle has no spines. A short gynaecophoric canal is present. Up to 300 testes are present in the male and the cirrus is spiny. Laurer's canal is present and vitelline follicles fill most of the body of the female. Eggs are spherical to very broadly ovoid in shape and averaged 93µ in length by 88µ in width. The uterus contains from one to several eggs at a time, and the genital pore is located shortly posterior to the mouth opening.

4. The miracidium has a peculiar wide gap between the second and third rows of epidermal plates. The body covering consists of twenty-two epidermal plates arranged in four rows of 6:9:4:3. The mother sporocyst has an elongate, sac-like body. A birth pore is present in the mature mother sporocysts. The daughter sporocyst also has an elongate body, but the anterior end is covered with spines. A birth pore is present in the mature daughter sporocysts.

5. The cercaria is an apharyngeal, furcocercous, brevifurcate, distome with pigmented eyespots; the body averaging 240µ in length by 72·5µ in width; the tail stem averaging 268·5µ in length by 30µ, in width; the furca averaging 146·8µ in length by 15µ in width. The furcae have fin folds. The body and tail are covered with spines. There are five pairs of penetration glands and an oral gland. The excretory system is usually 2[(2) + (2+1)]. The cercaria attaches to the surface film of the water with the body parallel to it and the tail hanging downward at different angles. The cercaria is a dermatitis producer in human skin.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 46 , Issue 3-4 , November 1956 , pp. 443 - 469
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1956

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Brackett, S. (1940). Two new species of schistosome cercariae from Wisconsin. J. Parasit. 26, 195–200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brackett, S. (1942). Five new species of avian schistosomes from Wisconsin and Michigan with life cycle of Gigantobilharzia gyrauli (Brackett, 1940). J. Parasit. 28, 25–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brock, G. S. (1893). On the Bilharzia haematobia. J. Pathol. & Bact. 2, 52–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cort, W. W., Ameel, D. J. & Olivier, L. (1944). An experimental study of the development of Schistosomatium douthitti (Cort, 1914) in its intermediate host. J. Parasit. 30, 1–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cort, W. W. & Olivier, L. (1943). The development of the sporocysts of a schistosome, Cercaria stagnicolae Talbot, 1936. J. Parasit. 29, 164–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faust, E. C. & Hoffman, W. A. (1934). Studies on Schistosomiasis mansoni in Puerto Rico. III. Biological studies. 1. The extra-mammalian phases of the life cycle. Puerto Rico J. Publ. Hlth, 10, 1–97.Google Scholar
Gordon, R. M., Davey, T. H. and Peaston, H. (1934). The transmission of the human bilharziasis in Sierre Leone, with an account of the life-cycle of schistosomes concerned, S. mansoni and S. haematobium. Ann. Trop. Med. and Parasitol. 28, 323–418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faust, E. C. & Meleney, H. E. (1924). Studies on Schistosomiasis japonica. Amer. J. Hyg., Monogr. Ser., (3), 339 pp.Google Scholar
Kuntz, R. E. (1946). Effect of light and temperature on shedding of Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. Research Project X-535, Report No. 7, Naval Medical Research Institute, 16 04.Google Scholar
Lal, M. B. (1937). Studies on the trematode parasites of birds. Part II. Morphology and systematic position of some new blood-flukes of the family Schistosomidae. Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci. 6, 274–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
La rue, G. R. (1938). Life history studies and their relation to problems in taxonomy of digenetic trematodes. J. Parasit. 24, 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Looss, A. (1886–1901). Beobachtungen über die Eir und Embryonen von Bilharzia. In Leuckart, Parasiten des Menschen, 1, 521–34. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Looss, A. (1892). Über Amphistomum subclavatum Rud. und seine Entwicklung. In Festschrift zum siebenzigsten Geburtstage Rudolf Leuckart, pp. 147–67. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Mehra, H. R. (1940). A new distome Entrohaematrema n.g. and a new blood fluke Hemiorchis bengalensis n.sp. belonging to the family Spirorchidae Stunkard, and a new species of the genus Dendritobilharzia Skrjabin and Zakharow belonging to the family Schisto-somatidae Poche, with remarks on the evolution of the blood flukes. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. India, 10, 100–18.Google Scholar
Miller, E. L. (1935). North American Cercariae. III. Biol. Monogr. 14, 1–125.Google Scholar
Miller, H. M. Jr. (1926). Comparative studies on furcocercous cercariae. III. Biol. Mongr. 10 (3), 1–112.Google Scholar
Mcmullen, D. B. & Beaver, P. C. (1945). Studies on schistosome dermatitis. IX. The life cycles of three dermatitis-producing schistosomes from birds and discussion of the sub-family Bilharziellinae (Trematoda: Schistosomatidae). Amer. J. Hyg. 42, 128–54.Google Scholar
Najim, A. T. (1950). Gigantobilharzia huronensis sp.nov., bird blood-fluke from goldfinch. J. Parasit. 36, 19.Google Scholar
Odhner, T. (1910). Gigantobilharzia acotylea n.g., n.sp., ein mit den Bilharzien verwandter Blutparasit von enormer Lange. Zool. Anz. 35, 380–5.Google Scholar
Odhner, T. (1912). Zum natürlichen System der digenen Trematoden. V. Zool. Anz. 41, 54–70.Google Scholar
Oiso, T. (1927). On a new species of avian schistosoma developing in the portal vein of the duck, and investigation of its life-history. Taiwan Igakkai Zasshi, Taihoku Sept., English summary, pp. 1–3.Google Scholar
Ozaki, Y. (1951). Studies on the meracidium of trematodes. I. The Meracidia of Param-phistomum explanatum (Creplin), P. orthocoelium (Fischoeder) and Gastrothylax cobboldi (Fischoeder). J. Sci. Hiroshima Univ. 12 (Series B, Div. 1), 99–111.Google Scholar
Porter, A. (1938). The larval trematoda found in certain South African mollusca with special reference to Schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis). Publ. S.Afr. Inst. Med. Res. 8, 1–1492.Google Scholar
Price, E. W. (1929). A synopsis of the trematode family Schistosomidae with descriptions of new genera and species. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 75, 1–39, pls. 1–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Price, H. F. (1931). Life history of Schistosomatium douthitti (Cort). Amer. J. Hyg. 13, 685–727Google Scholar
Reisinger, E. (1923). Untersuchungen über Bau und Funktion des Exkretionsapparates digenetischer Trematoden. I. Die Emunktorien des Miracidiums von Schistosomum haematobium Bilharz nebst einigen Beitragen zu dessen Anatomie und Histologie. Zool. Anz. 57, 1–20.Google Scholar
Sewell, R. B. S. (1922). Cercariae Indicae. Indian J. Med. Res. 10 (Suppl.), 1–370.Google Scholar
Short, R. B. (1950). Studies on sex in Schistosomatium douthitti (Cort, 1914) Price, 1931 (Trematoda: Schistosomatidae). Unpublished thesis. University of Michigan.Google Scholar
Soparkar, M. B. (1921). The cercaria of Schistosomum spindalis (Montgomery). Indian J. Med. Res. 9, 1–22.Google Scholar
Szidat, L. (1929). Zur Entwicklungsgeschiohte des Bluttrematoden der Enten Bilharziella polonica Kow. 1. Morphologie und biologie der cercarie von Bilharziella poloncia Kow. Centr. Bakt., Abt. 1, 111, 461–70.Google Scholar
Szidat, L. (1930). Gigantobilharzia monocotylea n.sp., ein neuer Blutparasit aus Ostpreus-sischen Wasservogeln. Z. Parasitenk. 2, 583–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Szidat, L. (1939). Pseudobilharziella filiformis n.sp., eine neue Vogelbilharzie aus dem Höckerschwan, Cygnus olor L. Z. Parasitenk. 10, 535–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Talbot, S. B. (1936). Studies on schistosome dermatitis. II. Morphology and life history studies on three dermatitis-producing schistosome cercariae, C. elvae Miller, C. stagnicolae n.sp. and C. physellae n.sp. Amer. J. Hyg. 23, 372–84.Google Scholar
Tanabe, A. (1951). Cercaria segmentinae Tanabe 1948, a homonym of Cercaria sturniae. J. Parasit. 37, 321.Google Scholar
Tang, C. C. (1938). Some remarks on the morphology of the miracidium and cercaria of Schistosoma japonicum. Chinese Med. J., Suppl., 2, 423–32.Google Scholar
Wall, L. D. (1941 a). Life history of Spirorchis elephantis (Cort, 1917), a new blood fluke from Chrysemys picta. Amer. Midl. Nat. 25 (2), 402–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wall, L. D. (1941 b). Spirorchis parvus (Stunkard), its life history and development of its excretory system (Trematoda, Spirorchiidae). T. Am. Micr. Soc. 60 (2), 221–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamaguti, S. (1941). Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 32. Trematodes of birds. V. Jap. J. Zool. 9, 321–41.Google Scholar