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Invasive species threat: parasite phylogenetics reveals patterns and processes of host-switching between non-native and native captive freshwater turtles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2011

O. VERNEAU ,
C. PALACIOS ,
T. PLATT ,
M. ALDAY ,
E. BILLARD ,
J.-F. ALLIENNE ,
C. BASSO  and
L. H. DU PREEZ
O. VERNEAU*
Affiliation:
UMR 5244 CNRS-UPVD, Biologie et Ecologie Tropicale et Méditerranéenne, Parasitologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France
C. PALACIOS
Affiliation:
UMR 5244 CNRS-UPVD, Biologie et Ecologie Tropicale et Méditerranéenne, Parasitologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France
T. PLATT
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Saint Mary's College, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
M. ALDAY
Affiliation:
UMR 5244 CNRS-UPVD, Biologie et Ecologie Tropicale et Méditerranéenne, Parasitologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France
E. BILLARD
Affiliation:
UMR 5244 CNRS-UPVD, Biologie et Ecologie Tropicale et Méditerranéenne, Parasitologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France
J.-F. ALLIENNE
Affiliation:
UMR 5244 CNRS-UPVD, Biologie et Ecologie Tropicale et Méditerranéenne, Parasitologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France
C. BASSO
Affiliation:
Unidad de Entomología, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Av. Garzón 780, 12900 Montevideo, Uruguay
L. H. DU PREEZ
Affiliation:
School of Environmental Sciences and Development, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
*
*Corresponding author: Olivier Verneau, UMR 5110 CNRS-UPVD, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France. Tel.: 33 4 68 66 21 10. Fax: 33 6 07 47 86 07. E-mail: [email protected]
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Summary

One of the major threats to biodiversity involves biological invasions with direct consequences on the stability of ecosystems. In this context, the role of parasites is not negligible as it may enhance the success of invaders. The red-eared slider, Trachemys scripta elegans, has been globally considered among the worst invasive species. Since its introduction through the pet trade, T. s. elegans is now widespread and represents a threat for indigenous species. Because T. s. elegans coexists with Emys orbicularis and Mauremys leprosa in Europe, it has been suggested it may compete with the native turtle species and transmit pathogens. We examined parasite transfer from American captive to the two native species that co-exist in artificial pools of a Turtle Farm in France. As model parasite species we used platyhelminth worms of the family Polystomatidae (Monogenea) because polystomes have been described from American turtles in their native range. Phylogenetic relationships among polystomes parasitizing chelonian host species that are geographically widespread show patterns of diversification more complex than expected. Using DNA barcoding to identify species from adult and/or polystome eggs, several cases of host switching from exotic to indigenous individuals were illustrated, corroborating that parasite transmission is important when considering the pet trade and in reintroduction programmes to reinforce wild populations of indigenous species.

Keywords

Parasitic invasionsphylogenetic systematicsTrachemys scripta elegansEmys orbicularisMauremys leprosaPlatyhelminthesPolystomatidaecytochrome c oxidase I
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 138 , Special Issue 13: Systematics as a cornerstone of parasitology , November 2011 , pp. 1778 - 1792
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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Supplementary material: File

Verneau Supplementary Appendix

Appendix S1. Genetic distances (uncorrected p-distances) inferred from comparison of the 55 COI nucleic acid haplotypes (345 aligned positions)

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