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Host-parasite relationships in flatfish (Pleuronectiformes) – the relative importance of host biology, ecology and phylogeny

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 September 2010

J. F. MARQUES ,
M. J. SANTOS ,
C. M. TEIXEIRA ,
M. I. BATISTA  and
H. N. CABRAL
J. F. MARQUES*
Affiliation:
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Oceanografia, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
M. J. SANTOS
Affiliation:
Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Ciências, Departamento de Biologia, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal CIMAR - Laboratório Associado/CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Rua dos Bragas, 177, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
C. M. TEIXEIRA
Affiliation:
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Oceanografia, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
M. I. BATISTA
Affiliation:
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Oceanografia, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
H. N. CABRAL
Affiliation:
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Oceanografia, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
*
*Corresponding author: Centro de Oceanografia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal. Tel.: +351 217 500 000 (ext. 22575). Fax: +351 217 500 207. E-mail: [email protected]
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Summary

The extent to which host biology, ecology and phylogeny determine the diversity of macroparasite assemblages has been investigated in recent years in several taxa, including fish. However, consensus has not been reached probably as a result of data being collected from different sources, different temporal scales or host and parasite biogeography and phylogeny having greater influence than expected. The present study evaluates the relative importance of 27 biological, ecological and phylogenetic characteristics of 14 flatfish species on the diversity of their ecto- and endoparasite assemblages, comprising a total of 53 taxa. Redundancy analyses were applied to the mean abundance of each parasite taxa infecting each host and to the richness, taxonomic distinctness and variance in taxonomic distinctness calculated for each assemblage within each host. Only a few host characteristics contributed significantly to the observed patterns: host distribution was more important in determining the type and mean abundance of ectoparasites present in an assemblage, whereas diversity of these assemblages were mainly related to the host's maximum size. Endoparasite mean abundance and diversity were mostly influenced by the number of food items ingested and by the presence of Crustacea and Polychaeta in the diet. However, the sympatric occurrence of related hosts also played an important role in the diversity values found in macroparasite assemblages. Results showed that a host characteristic has different importance according to the host-parasite relationship being examined, suggesting an important role for host-parasite co-evolution on the diversity of extant macroparasite assemblages.

Keywords

diversityflatfishhost-characteristicsmacroparasitesredundancy analysesrichness
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 138 , Issue 1 , January 2011 , pp. 107 - 121
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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