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Heredity of specific host-finding behaviour in Schistosoma mansoni miracidia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 May 2004

M. KALBE ,
B. HABERL ,
J. HERTEL  and
W. HAAS
M. KALBE
Affiliation:
Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Limnology, August-Thienemann-Strasse 2, D-24306 Plön, Germany Institute for Zoology I, University of Erlangen, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
B. HABERL
Affiliation:
Institute for Zoology I, University of Erlangen, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
J. HERTEL
Affiliation:
Institute for Zoology I, University of Erlangen, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
W. HAAS
Affiliation:
Institute for Zoology I, University of Erlangen, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Abstract

Two strains of Schistosoma mansoni were used to investigate the hereditary basis of species-specific host recognition by analysing behavioural responses of miracidia to snail-conditioned water. An Egyptian strain of S. mansoni, capable of distinguishing its host snail Biomphalaria alexandrina from other snails was cycled repeatedly through Biomphalaria glabrata, the intermediate host of a Brazilian strain known to respond even to non-susceptible snails with high intensity. After 5 cycles in the non-natural host, miracidia of the Egyptian strain still retained their preference for the original host snail. In a second experiment, host-finding behaviour of hybrids between these two parasite strains was studied. In the F1 generation, hybrids of both parental combinations showed the same low degree of specificity as the pure-bred Brazilian strain. Approximately one quarter of F2 hybrids proved to be as discriminatory as the Egyptian strain, confirming dominant Mendelian inheritance of non-specificity in schistosome miracidial host-finding behaviour. Moreover, hybrids seem to have lost the ability to develop in B. alexandrina, possibly suggesting a link between host recognition and host compatibility. The heredity of this behavioural trait is of evolutionary and epidemiological significance, since a shift to low host-finding specificity might have been a prerequisite for S. mansoni to acquire new host snails after being introduced to South America by the slave trade.

Keywords

Schistosoma mansonimiracidiahost-finding behaviourhybridsspecies-specificityadaptation
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 128 , Issue 6 , June 2004 , pp. 635 - 643
Copyright
2004 Cambridge University Press

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