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Haemoproteus infected birds have increased lifetime reproductive success

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 March 2015

M. ZYLBERBERG ,
E. P. DERRYBERRY ,
C. W. BREUNER ,
E. A. MACDOUGALL-SHACKLETON ,
J. M. CORNELIUS  and
T. P. HAHN
M. ZYLBERBERG*
Affiliation:
University of California, San Francisco, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, California 94158, USA University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
E. P. DERRYBERRY
Affiliation:
Tulane University, 6823 St Charles Ave, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
C. W. BREUNER
Affiliation:
University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, Montana 59812, USA
E. A. MACDOUGALL-SHACKLETON
Affiliation:
University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
J. M. CORNELIUS
Affiliation:
University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA Eastern Michigan University, 900 Oakwood St, Ypsilanti, Michigan 48198, USA
T. P. HAHN
Affiliation:
University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
*
* Corresponding author. University of California, San Francisco, Byers Hall, MC2542, 1700 4th St., Room 403, San Francisco, California 94158, USA. E-mail: [email protected]
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Summary

The impact of haematozoan infection on host fitness has received substantial attention since Hamilton and Zuk posited that parasites are important drivers of sexual selection. However, short-term studies testing the assumption that these parasites consistently reduce host fitness in the wild have produced contradictory results. To address this complex issue, we conducted a long-term study examining the relationship between naturally occurring infection with Haemoproteus and Plasmodium, and lifetime reproductive success and survival of Mountain White-crowned Sparrows. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that birds infected with haematozoan parasites have reduced survival (as determined by overwinter return rates) and reproductive success. Contrary to expectation, there was no relationship between Haemoproteus and Plasmodium infection and reproduction or survival in males, nor was there a relationship between Plasmodium infection and reproduction in females. Interestingly, Haemoproteus-infected females had significantly higher overwinter return rates and these females fledged more than twice as many chicks during their lifetimes as did uninfected females. We discuss the impact of parasitic infections on host fitness in light of these findings and suggest that, in the case of less virulent pathogens, investment in excessive immune defence may decrease lifetime reproduction.

Keywords

HaemoproteusPlasmodiumhaematozoaavian malariahost fitnessMountain White-crowned SparrowZonotrichia leucophrys orianthahost-parasite interactionsparasite tolerance
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 142 , Issue 8 , July 2015 , pp. 1033 - 1043
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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