Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-07T23:09:21.129Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Discrete typing units of Trypanosoma cruzi identified in rural dogs and cats in the humid Argentinean Chaco

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 October 2012

G. F. ENRIQUEZ ,
M. V. CARDINAL ,
M. M. OROZCO ,
L. LANATI ,
A. G. SCHIJMAN  and
R. E. GÜRTLER
G. F. ENRIQUEZ
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
M. V. CARDINAL*
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
M. M. OROZCO
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
L. LANATI
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
A. G. SCHIJMAN
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de la Enfermedad de Chagas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
R. E. GÜRTLER
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
*
*Corresponding author: Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina. Tel/Fax: +54 11 4576 3318. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The discrete typing units (DTUs) of Trypanosoma cruzi that infect domestic dogs and cats have rarely been studied. With this purpose we conducted a cross-sectional xenodiagnostic survey of dog and cat populations residing in 2 infested rural villages in Pampa del Indio, in the humid Argentine Chaco. Parasites were isolated by culture from 44 dogs and 12 cats with a positive xenodiagnosis. DTUs were identified from parasite culture samples using a strategy based on multiple polymerase-chain reactions. TcVI was identified in 37 of 44 dogs and in 10 of 12 cats, whereas TcV was identified in 5 dogs and in 2 cats –a new finding for cats. No mixed infections were detected. The occurrence of 2 dogs infected with TcIII –classically found in armadillos– suggests a probable link with the local sylvatic transmission cycle involving Dasypus novemcinctus armadillos and a potential risk of human infection with TcIII. Our study reinforces the importance of dogs and cats as domestic reservoir hosts and sources of various DTUs infecting humans, and suggests a link between dogs and the sylvatic transmission cycle of TcIII.

Keywords

Chagas diseaseTrypanosoma cruziDiscrete Typing Unitsdogscatsreservoir
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 140 , Issue 3 , March 2013 , pp. 303 - 308
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Alvarado-Otegui, J. A., Ceballos, L. A., Orozco, M. M., Enriquez, G. F., Cardinal, M. V., Cura, C., Schijman, A. G., Kitron, U. and Gürtler, R. E. (2012). The sylvatic transmission cycle of Trypanosoma cruzi in a rural area in the humid Chaco of Argentina. Acta Tropica 124, 79–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnabé, C., Neubauer, K., Solari, A. and Tibayrenc, M. (2001). Trypanosoma cruzi: presence of the two major phylogenetic lineages and of several lesser discrete typing units (DTUs) in Chile and Paraguay. Acta Tropica 78, 127–137.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barnabé, C., De Meeûs, T., Noireau, F., Bosseno, M. F., Monje, E. M., Renaud, F. and Brenière, S. F. (2011). Trypanosoma cruzi discrete typing units (DTUs): Microsatellite loci and population genetics of DTUs TcV and TcI in Bolivia and Peru. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 11, 1752–1760.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brisse, S., Verhoef, J. and Tibayrenc, M. (2001). Characterization of large and small subunit rRNA and mini-exon genes further supports the distinction of six Trypanosoma cruzi lineages. International Journal for Parasitology 31, 1218–1226.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burgos, J. M., Altcheh, J., Bisio, M., Duffy, T., Valdares, H. M. S., Seidenstein, M. E., Piccinali, R., Freitas, J. M., Levin, M. J., Machi, L., Macedo, A. M., Freilij, H. and Schijman, A. G. (2007). Direct molecular profiling of minicircle signatures and lineages of Trypanosoma cruzi bloodstream populations causing congenital Chagas disease. International Journal for Parasitology 37, 1319–1327.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burgos, J. M., Diez, M., Vigliano, C., Bisio, M., Risso, M., Duffy, T., Cura, C., Brusses, B., Favaloro, L., Leguizamon, M. S., Lucero, R. H., Laguens, R., Levin, M. J., Favaloro, R. and Schijman, A. G. (2010). Molecular identification of Trypanosoma cruzi discrete typing units in end-stage chronic Chagas heart disease and reactivation after heart transplantation. Clinical Infectious Disease 51, 485–495.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cardinal, M. V., Castañera, M. B., Lauricella, M. A., Cecere, M. C., Ceballos, A. L., Vazquez-Prokopec, G. M., Kitron, U. and Gürtler, R. E. (2006). A prospective study of the effects of sustained vector surveillance following community-wide insecticide application on Trypanosoma cruzi of dogs and cats in rural northwestern Argentina. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 75, 753–761.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cardinal, M. V., Lauricella, M. A., Ceballos, A. L., Lanati, L., Marcet, P. L., Levin, M. J., Kitron, U., Gürtler, R. E. and Schijman, A. G. (2008). Molecular epidemiology of domestic and sylvatic Trypanosoma cruzi infection in rural northwestern Argentina. International Journal for Parasitology 38, 1533–1543.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Castañera, M. B., Lauricella, M. A., Chuit, R. and Gürtler, R. E. (1998). Evaluation of dogs as sentinels of the transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi in a rural area of north-western Argentina. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 92, 671–683.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, M. D., Baggaley, R. C., Godfreyfausset, P. F., Malpas, T. J., White, G., Canese, J. and Miles, M. A. (1984). Trypanosoma cruzi from the Paraguayan Chaco isoenzyme profiles of strains isolated at Makthlawaiya. Journal of Protozoology 31, 482–486.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crisante, G., Rojas, A., Teixeira, M. M. G. and Añez, N. (2006). Infected dogs as a risk factor in the transmission of human Trypanosoma cruzi infection in western Venezuela. Acta Tropica 98, 247–254.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cura, C. I., Lucero, R. H., Bisio, M., Oshiro, E., Formichelli, L. B., Burgos, J. M., Lejona, S., Brusés, B. L., Hernández, D. O., Severini, G. V., Velazquez, E., Duffy, T., Anchart, E., Lattes, R., Altcheh, J., Freilij, H., Diez, M., Nagel, C., Vigliano, C., Favaloro, L., Favaloro, R. R., Merino, D. E., Sosa-Estani, S. and Schijman, A. G. (2012). Trypanosoma cruzi Discrete Typing Units in Chagas disease patients from endemic and non-endemic regions of Argentina. Parasitology 139, 516–521.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Luca d'Oro, G. M., Cardenal, C. N., Pret, B., Crisci, J. V. and Montamat, E. E. 1993. Genetic structure of Trypanosoma cruzi populations from Argentina estimated from enzyme polymorphism. Parasitology 107, 405–410.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
del Puerto, R., Nishizawa, J. E., Kikuchi, M., Iihoshi, N., Roca, R., Avilas, Alberto Gianella, C., Lora, J., Gutierrez Velarde, F. U., Renjel, L. A., Miura, S., Higo, H., Komiya, N., Maemura, K. and Hirayama, K. (2010). Lineage analysis of circulating Trypanosoma cruzi parasites and their association with clinical forms of Chagas disease in Bolivia. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 4, e687.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Diosque, P., Barnabé, C., Padilla, A., Marco, J., Cardozo, R., Cimino, R., Nasserd, J., Tibayrenc, M. and Basombrío, M. (2003). Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis of Trypanosoma cruzi isolates from a geographically restricted endemic area for Chagas’ disease in Argentina. International Journal for Parasitology 33, 997–1003.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gurevitz, J. M., Ceballos, L. A., Gaspe, M. S., Alvarado-Otegui, J. A., Enríquez, G. F., Kitron, U. and Gürtler, R. E. (2011). Factors affecting infestation by Triatoma infestans in a rural area of the humid Chaco in Argentina: a multi-model inference approach. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 5, e1349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gurevitz, J. M., Gaspe, M. S., Enriquez, G. F., Vassena, C., Alvarado-Otegui, J. A., Provecho, Y. M., Mougabure-Cueto, G., Picollo, M. I., Kitron, U. and Gürtler, R. E.Unexpected pyrethroid resistance and control failures of Chagas disease vector in Argentina. Journal of Medical Entomology, in press.Google Scholar
Gürtler, R. E., Cecere, M. C., Lauricella, M. A., Petersen, R. M., Canale, D., Castanñera, M. B., Chuit, R., Segura, E. L. and Cohen, J. E. (2005). Incidence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection among children following domestic reinfestation after insecticide spraying in rural northwestern. Argentina. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 73, 95–103.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gürtler, R. E., Cecere, M. C., Lauricella, M. A., Cardinal, M. V., Kitron, U. and Cohen, J. E. (2007). Domestic dogs and cats sources of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in rural northwestern Argentina. Parasitology 134, 69–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lauricella, M. A., Stariolo, R. L., Riarte, A. R., Segura, E. L. and Gürtler, R. E. (2005). Distribution and pathogenicity of Trypanosoma cruzi isolated from peridomestic populations of Triatoma infestans and Triatoma guasayana from rural western Argentina. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 100, 123–129.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Llewellyn, M. S., Miles, M. A., Carrasco, H. J., Lewis, M. D., Yeo, M., Vargas, J., Torrico, F., Diosque, P., Valente, V., Valente, S. A. and Gaunt, M. W. (2009). Genome-scale multilocus microsatellite typing of Trypanosoma cruzi discrete typing unit I reveals phylogeographic structure and specific genotypes linked to human infection. PLoS Pathogens 5, e1000410.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maffey, L., Cardinal, M. V., Ordóñez-Krasnowski, P. C., Lanati, L. A., Lauricella, M. A., Schijman, A. G. and Gürtler, R. E.Direct molecular identification of Trypanosoma cruzi Discrete Typing Units in domestic and peridomestic Triatoma infestans and Triatoma sordida from the Argentine Chaco. Parasitology, in press.Google Scholar
Marcet, P. L., Duffy, T., Cardinal, M. V., Burgos, J. M., Lauricella, M. A., Levin, M. J., Kitron, U., Gürtler, R. E. and Schijman, A. G. (2006). PCR-based screening and lineage identification of Trypanosoma cruzi directly from faecal samples of triatomine bugs from northwestern Argentina. Parasitology 132, 57–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marcili, A., Lima, L., Valente, V. C., Valente, S. A., Batista, J. S., Junqueira, A. C. V., Souza, A. I., da Rosa, J. A., Campaner, M., Lewis, M. D., Llewellyn, M. S., Miles, M. A. and Teixeira, M. M. G. (2009). Comparative phylogeography of Trypanosoma cruzi TcIIc: new hosts, association with terrestrial ecotopes, and spatial clustering. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 9, 1265–1274.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miles, M. A., Llewellyn, M. S., Lewis, M. D., Yeo, M., Baleela, R., Fitzpatrick, S., Gaunt, M. W. and Mauricio, I. L. (2009). The molecular epidemiology and phylogeography of Trypanosoma cruzi and parallel research on Leishmania: looking back and to the future. Parasitology 136, 1509–1528.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mott, K. E., Mota, E. A., Sherlock, I., Hoff, R., Muniz, T. M., Oliveira, T. S. and Draper, C. C. (1978). Trypanosoma cruzi infection in dogs and cats and household seroreactivity to T. cruzi in a rural community in northeast Brazil. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 27, 1123–1127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rimoldi, A., Tomé Alves, R., Ambrósio, D. L., Fernandes, M. Z., Martinez, I., De Araújo, R. F., Cicarelli, R. M. and Da Rosa, J. A. (2012). Morphological, biological and molecular characterization of three strains of Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, 1909 (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae) isolated from Triatoma sordida (Stål) 1859 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) and a domestic cat. Parasitology 139, 37–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schijman, A. G., Vigliano, C. A., Viotti, R. J., Burgos, J. M., Brandariz, S., Lococo, B. E., Leze, M. I., Armenti, H. A. and Levin, M. J. (2004). Trypanosoma cruzi DNA in cardiac lesions of Argentinean patients with end-stage chronic chagas heart disease. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 70, 210–220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tomasini, N., Lauthier, J. J., Monje Rumi, M. M., Ragone, P. G., Alberti D'Amato, A. A., Pérez Brandan, C., Cura, C. I., Schijman, A. G., Barnabé, C., Tibayrenc, M., Basombrío, M. A., Falla, A., Herrera, C., Guhl, F. and Diosque, P. (2011). Interest and limitations of Spliced Leader Intergenic Region sequences for analyzing Trypanosoma cruzi I phylogenetic diversity in the Argentinean Chaco. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 11, 300–307.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vago, A. R., Andrade, L. O., Leite, A. A., d'Avila Reis, D., Macedo, A. M., Adad, S. J., Tostes, S. Jr., Moreira, M. C., Filho, G. B. and Pena, S. D. (2000). Genetic characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi directly from tissues of patients with chronic Chagas disease: differential distribution of genetic types into diverse organs. American Journal of Pathology 156, 1805–1809.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yeo, M., Llewellyn, M., Sánchez, H., Adamson, S., Miles, G., López, E., González, N., Patterson, J., Gaunt, M., Rojas de Arias, A. and Miles, M. A. (2005). Origins of Chagas disease: Didelphis species are natural hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi I and armadillos hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi II, including hybrids. International Journal for Parasitology 35, 225–223.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yeo, M., Lewis, M. D., Carrasco, H. J., Acosta, N., Llewellyn, M., Valente, S. A. D., Valente, V. D., Rojas de Arias, A. and Miles, M. A. (2007). Resolution of multiclonal infections of Trypanosoma cruzi from naturally infected triatomine bugs and from experimentally infected mice by direct plating on a sensitive solid medium. International Journal for Parasitology 37, 111–120.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yeo, M., Mauricio, I. L., Messenger, L. A., Lewis, M. D., Llewellyn, M. S., Acosta, N., Bhattacharyya, T., Diosque, P., Carrasco, H. J. and Miles, M. A. (2011). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) for lineage assignment and high resolution diversity studies in Trypanosoma cruzi. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 5, e1049.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zingales, B., Andrade, S. G, Briones, M. R. S., Campbell, D. A, Chiari, E., Fernandes, O., Guhl, F., Lages-Silva, E., Macedo, A. M., Machado, C. R., Miles, M. A., Romanha, A. J., Sturm, N. R., Tibayrenc, M. and Schijman, A. G. (2009). A new consensus for Trypanosoma cruzi intraspecific nomenclature: second revision meeting recommends TcI to TcVI. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 104, 1051–1054.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zingales, B., Miles, M. A., Campbell, D. A., Tibayrenc, M., Macedo, A. M., Teixeira, M. M., Schijman, A. G., Llewellyn, M. S., Lages-Silva, E., Machado, C. R., Andrade, S. G. and Sturm, N. R. (2012). The revised Trypanosoma cruzi subspecific nomenclature: Rationale, epidemiological relevance and research applications. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 12, 240–253.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed