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Chemotherapy and immunity in opportunistic parasitic infections in AIDS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

A. Zumla  and
S. L. Croft
A. Zumla
Affiliation:
1Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, School of Medicine and Public Health, Houston, 6431 Fannin, Texas, USA
S. L. Croft
Affiliation:
2Department of Medical Parasitology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT
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Summary

Parasitic diseases are endemic in parts of the tropics, but there is no convincing evidence that their prevalence or incidence is increasing due to the HIV epidemic. Available scientific data on parasitic infections in patients with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) suggests a predominance of Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii and Cryptosporidium spp. For reasons which are unclear, parasitic infections such as Plasmodium falciparum, Strongyloides stercoralis and Entamoeba histolytica, where cell-mediated immune responses are also thought to be significant, do not appear to be opportunists of importance. It is being increasingly recognized that chemotherapy for parasitic diseases has a host-dependent component, although scientific data on this subject remain scanty. The management of opportunistic parasitic infections in patients infected with HIV is dogged by failures and relapses, aptly illustrating the notion of the relationship between chemotherapy and the immune response. This review discusses the immunity and chemotherapy of opportunistic parasite infections in patients infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

Keywords

AIDSBlastocystisCryptosporidiumEntamoebaGiardiaIsosporaLeishmaniaPneumocystisSarcoptesToxoplasma
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 105 , Issue S1: Chemotherapy and the immune system , January 1992 , pp. S93 - S101
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1992

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