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Within-host interference competition can prevent invasion of rare parasites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2017

Benjamin J. Z. Quigley ,
Sam P. Brown ,
Helen C. Leggett ,
Pauline D. Scanlan  and
Angus Buckling
Benjamin J. Z. Quigley*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
Sam P. Brown
Affiliation:
School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0230, USA
Helen C. Leggett
Affiliation:
Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
Pauline D. Scanlan
Affiliation:
APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Ireland
Angus Buckling
Affiliation:
Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9EX, UK
*
Author for correspondence: Benjamin J. Z. Quigley, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Competition between parasite species or genotypes can play an important role in the establishment of parasites in new host populations. Here, we investigate a mechanism by which a rare parasite is unable to establish itself in a host population if a common resident parasite is already present (a ‘priority effect’). We develop a simple epidemiological model and show that a rare parasite genotype is unable to invade if coinfecting parasite genotypes inhibit each other's transmission more than expected from simple resource partitioning. This is because a rare parasite is more likely to be in multiply-infected hosts than the common genotype, and hence more likely to pay the cost of reduced transmission. Experiments competing interfering clones of bacteriophage infecting a bacterium support the model prediction that the clones are unable to invade each other from rare. We briefly discuss the implications of these results for host-parasite ecology and (co)evolution.

Keywords

Multiplicity of infection (MOI)interference competitionpositive frequency dependencebacteriaphage
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 145 , Issue 6 , May 2018 , pp. 770 - 774
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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