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Ultrastructure and phylogeny of Philasterides dicentrarchi (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia) from farmed turbot in NW Spain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 January 2006

A. PARAMÁ ,
J. A. ARRANZ ,
M. F. ÁLVAREZ ,
M. L. SANMARTÍN  and
J. LEIRO
A. PARAMÁ
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Investigación y Análisis Alimentarios, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, C/ Constantino Candeira s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
J. A. ARRANZ
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Investigación y Análisis Alimentarios, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, C/ Constantino Candeira s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
M. F. ÁLVAREZ
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Investigación y Análisis Alimentarios, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, C/ Constantino Candeira s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
M. L. SANMARTÍN
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Investigación y Análisis Alimentarios, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, C/ Constantino Candeira s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
J. LEIRO
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Investigación y Análisis Alimentarios, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, C/ Constantino Candeira s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Abstract

Several species of opportunistic histophagous scuticociliates have been implicated in systemic infections of farmed fish. In turbot, scuticociliatosis is an emerging disease, and the identification of the parasite species involved is controversial. We have previously isolated Philasterides dicentrarchi from farmed turbot scuticociliatosis outbreaks in northwest Spain. In the present study, we report detailed ultrastructural studies of this parasite, and investigate phylogenetic relations with other members of the order Philasterida on the basis of sequence comparison of the small-subunit rRNA (SSUrRNA) gene. Ultrastructural study indicates the presence of dikinetids in the anterior two-thirds of the body; micronucleus closely associated with the macronucleus, though not physically connected; numerous mitochondria located below the cell cortex, parallel to the surface; numerous spherical and fusiform extrusomes located close to the plasma membrane. We consider that these characteristics are useful for diagnosis of infections by this parasite. A nested 350-bp nucleotide sequence of the SSUrRNA gene of the turbot P. dicentrachi isolate showed high identity with previously reported SSUrRNA gene sequences from 2 scuticociliates isolated from olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus in Korea, namely P. dicentrarchi (98%) and Miamiensis avidus (99%); conversely, our P. dicentrarchi sequence showed low identity (86%) with that of Uronema marinum, a scuticociliate that has also been implicated in scuticociliatosis outbreaks in turbot in Europe and olive flounder in Asia. Phylogenetic tree construction on the basis of the SSUrRNA gene sequences, using the neighbour-joining method, confirm that the different P. dicentrarchi isolates and M. avidus are closely related and a possible synonymy between both ciliates species should be considered.

Keywords

turbotScophthalmus maximusPhilasterides dicentrarchiscuticociliatesultrastructuresmall subunit rRNAphylogeny
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 132 , Issue 4 , April 2006 , pp. 555 - 564
Copyright
2006 Cambridge University Press

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