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Monitoring the efficacy of different doses of praziquantel by quantification of circulating antigens in serum and urine of schistosomiasis patients

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

L. van Lieshout ,
N. de Jonge ,
N. El-Masry ,
M. M. Mansour ,
S. Bassily ,
F. W. Krijger  and
A. M. Deelder
L. van Lieshout
Affiliation:
U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, (Cairo, Egypt), FPO AE 09835-0007, USA Laboratory of Parasitology, Medical Faculty, University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9605, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
N. de Jonge
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, Medical Faculty, University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9605, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands Department of Clinical Chemistry, Diagnostic Centre SSDZ, P.O. Box 5010, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
N. El-Masry
Affiliation:
U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, (Cairo, Egypt), FPO AE 09835-0007, USA
M. M. Mansour
Affiliation:
U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, (Cairo, Egypt), FPO AE 09835-0007, USA
S. Bassily
Affiliation:
U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, (Cairo, Egypt), FPO AE 09835-0007, USA
F. W. Krijger
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, Medical Faculty, University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9605, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
A. M. Deelder
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, Medical Faculty, University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9605, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Summary

We evaluated the quantitation of two schistosome circulating antigens in serum and urine as a tool for the assessment of the efficacy of praziquantel dosage regimens (40 versus 60 mg/kgbw). In addition we compared the efficacy of two different brands of praziquantel (Biltricide® and Distocide®), given at the same dosage (40 mg/kgbw). Thirty five Egyptian hospitalized schistosomiasis mansoni patients participated in this study. Thirteen patients (Group 1) received 60 mg/kgbw Biltricide®, administered in 3 oral doses of 20 mg in one day; 22 individuals (Group 2) were treated with 40 mg/kgbw (12 Biltricide®, 10 Distocide®), given in one oral dose. Circulating anodic antigen (CAA) and circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) were quantitated by monoclonal antibody-based ELISA's before, and 1, 3 and 6 weeks after chemotherapy. Before treatment, all patients were positive for at least one of the circulating antigen assays. Three to six weeks after treatment significantly more patients were found to be negative in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (X2 = 7·13, P = 0·008, n = 35). Also the levels of CCA and CAA in serum and of CCA in urine were found to be significantly higher in Group 2 (Mann- Whitney U < 85, P < 0·05, n = 35). These results were confirmed by parasitological data. No differences were found between treatment with Biltricide® or Distocide®. Our results indicate that praziquantel treatment of schistosomiasis with 60 mg/kgbw divided in 3 doses results in a higher cure rate compared to 40 mg/kgbw as a single dose, and provide further evidence for the use of the CAA and CCA assays as a sensitive method to monitor the efficacy of chemotherapy, particularly when circulating antigen assays are combined by parallel testing.

Keywords

schistosomiasispraziquantelBiltricideDistocidedrug efficacycirculating anodic antigen (CAA)circulating cathodic antigen (CCA)
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 108 , Issue 5 , June 1994 , pp. 519 - 526
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

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