Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T00:49:29.535Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

In vitro isolation and characterization of a Neospora sp. from aborted bovine foetuses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

P. A. Conrad ,
B. C. Barr ,
K. W. Sverlow ,
M. Anderson ,
B. Daft ,
H. Kinde ,
J. P. Dubey ,
L. Munson  and
A. Ardans
P. A. Conrad
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
B. C. Barr
Affiliation:
California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System (CVDLS), University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
K. W. Sverlow
Affiliation:
California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System (CVDLS), University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
M. Anderson
Affiliation:
California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System (CVDLS), University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
B. Daft
Affiliation:
California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System (CVDLS), University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
H. Kinde
Affiliation:
California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System (CVDLS), University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
J. P. Dubey
Affiliation:
Zoonotic Diseases Laboratory, Livestock and Poultry Sciences Institute, BARC-East, ARS, USD A, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
L. Munson
Affiliation:
Department of Pathobiology, University of Tenessee, P.O. 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901, USA
A. Ardans
Affiliation:
California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System (CVDLS), University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

A Neospora sp. was isolated from the brains of two aborted bovine foetuses and grown continuously in vitro in bovine cell cultures. A comparison of the antigenic reactivity of in vitro cultivated tachyzoites with polyclonal antisera to Neospora caninum, Hammondia hammondi or Toxoplasma gondii revealed that the bovine protozoal isolates were similar to N. caninum and antigenically distinct from T. gondii. Tachyzoites of both bovine isolates had similar ultrastructural features, including an apical polar ring, conoid, electron-dense rhoptries and micronemes. The orientation of the micronemes, presence of micropores and a large number of electron-dense granules in the posterior portion of the bovine isolate tachyzoites differed from previous descriptions of N. caninum in vivo. Tachyzoites of the bovine isolates were ultrastructurally more similar to in vitro cultivated N. caninum tachyzoites than to tachyzoites of T. gondii or H. hammondi. The antigenic and ultrastructural similarities between N. caninum and the protozoal parasites isolated from aborted bovine foetuses in this study support the proposition that these parasites belong to the genus Neospora.

Keywords

NeosporaToxoplasmaHammondiaSarcocystisabortionultrastructure
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 106 , Issue 3 , April 1993 , pp. 239 - 249
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Anderson, M. L., Blanchard, P. C., Barr, B. C., Dubey, J. P., Hoffman, R. L. & Conrad, P. A. (1991). Neospora- like protozoal infection as a major cause of abortion in California dairy cattle. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 198, 241–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barr, B. C., Anderson, M. L., Blanchard, P. C., Daft, B. M., Kinde, H. & Conrad, P. A. (1990). Bovine fetal encephalitis and myocarditis associated with protozoal infections: A two year retrospective study of cases in California. Veterinary Pathology 27, 354–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barr, B. C., Anderson, M. L., Dubey, J. P. & Conrad, P. A. (1991 a). Neospora-like protozoal infections associated with bovine abortions. Veterinary Pathology 28, 110–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barr, B. C., Conrad, P. A., Dubey, J. P. & Anderson, M. L. (1991 b). Neospora-like encephalitis in a calf: pathology, ultrastructure, and immunoreactivity. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 3, 39–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bjerkas, I. & Dubey, J. P. (1991). Evidence that Neospora caninum is identical to the Toxoplasma-like parasite of Norwegian dogs. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavia 32, 407–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bjerkas, I. & Landsverk, T. (1986). Identification of Toxoplasma gondii and Encephalitozoon cuniculi by immunoperoxidase techniques and electron microscopy, in stored, formalin-fixed, paraffin- embedded tissue. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavia 27, 11–22.Google Scholar
Bjerkas, I., Mohn, S. F. & Presthus, J. (1984). Unidentified cyst-forming sporozoon causing encephalomyelitis and myositis in dogs. Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde 70, 271–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bjerkas, I. & Presthus, J. (1988). Immuno-histochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of a cyst-forming sporozoon associated with encephalomyelitis in dogs. Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica 96, 445–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bjerkas, I. & Presthus, J. (1989). The neuropathology in toxoplasmosis-like infection caused by a newly recognized cyst-forming sporozoon in dogs. Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica 97, 459–68.Google Scholar
Burg, J. L., Perlman, D., Kasper, L. H., Ware, P. L. & Boothroyd, J. C. (1988). Molecular analysis of the gene encoding the major surface antigens of Toxoplasma gondi. Journal of Immunology 141, 3584–91.Google Scholar
Cummings, J. F., De Lahunta, A., Suter, M. M. & Jacobson, R. H. (1988). Canine protozoan polyradiculoneuritis. Acta Neuropathologica 76, 46–54.Google Scholar
Dubey, J. P. (1986). A review of toxoplasmosis in cattle. Veterinary Parasitology 22, 177–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dubey, J. P. (1989). Congenital neosporosis in a calf. Veterinary Record 125, 486.Google Scholar
Dubey, J. P. & Beattie, C. P. (1988). Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Man, Boca Ratan, Florida: CRC Press.Google Scholar
Dubey, J. P., Carpenter, J. L., Speer, C. A., Topperrk, M. J. & Uggla, A. (1988 a). Newly recognized fatal protozoan disease of dogs. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 192, 1269–85.Google Scholar
Dubey, J. P., Hartley, W. J. & Lindsay, D. S. (1990a a). Congenital Neospora caninum infection in a calf with spinal cord anomaly. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 197, 1043–4.Google Scholar
Dubey, J. P., Hattel, A. L., Lindsey, D. S. & Topper, M. J. (1988 b). Neonatal Neospora caninum infection in dogs: Isolation of the causative agent and experimental transmission. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 193, 1259–63.Google Scholar
Dubey, J. P., Leathers, C. W. & Lindsey, D. S. (1989). Neospora caninum-like protozoan associated with fatal myelitis in newborn calves. Journal of Parasitology 75, 146–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dubey, J. P., Miller, S., Lindsay, D. S. & Topper, M. J. (1990 b). Neospora caninum-associated myocarditis and encephalitis in an aborted calf. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 2, 66–9.Google Scholar
Garnham, P. C. C., Baker, J. R. & Bird, R. G. (1962). Fine structure of cystic form of Toxoplasma gondii. British Medical Journal 13, 83–4.Google Scholar
Goldman, M., Carver, R. K. & Sulzer, A. J. (1958). Reproduction of Toxoplasma gondii by internal budding. Journal of Parasitology 44, 161–71.Google Scholar
Hartley, W. J. & Bridge, P. S. (1975). A case of suspected congenital Toxoplasma encephalomyelitis in a lamb associated with a spinal cord anomaly. British Veterinary Journal 131, 380–3.Google Scholar
Hartley, W. J. & Kater, J. C. (1963). The pathology of Toxoplasma infection in the pregnant ewe. Research in Veterinary Science 4, 326–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindsay, D. S. & Dubey, J. P. (1989 a). In vitro development of Neospora caninum (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) from dogs. Journal of Parasitology 75, 163–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lindsay, D. S. & Dubey, J. P. (1989 b). Immunohistochemical diagnosis of Neospora caninum in tissue sections. American Journal of Veterinary Research 50, 1981–3.Google ScholarPubMed
Lindsay, D. S., Speer, C. A., Toivio-Kinnucan, M., Dubey, J. P. & Blagburn, B. L. (1993). Comparative ultrastructure of Neospora caninum from dogs and Toxoplasma gondii in cultured cells. American Journal of Veterinary Research (in the Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Munson, L., Chandler, S. K. & Schlafer, D. H. (1988). Long-term culture of bovine trophoblastic cells. Journal of Tissue Culture Methods 11, 123–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nietfeld, J. C., Dubey, J. P., Anderson, M. L., Libal, M. C., Yaeger, M. J. & Neiger, R. D. (1992). Neospora-like protozoan infection as a cause of abortion in dairy cattle. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 4, 223–6.Google Scholar
Obendorf, D. & Mason, R. (1990). Neospora caninum infection detected in a bovine aborted foetus. Australian Society of Veterinary Pathology Report 28, 36–7.Google Scholar
Ogino, N. & Yoneda, C. (1966). The fine structure and mode of division of Toxoplasma gondii. Archives of Ophthalmology 75, 218–27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O'Toole, D. & Jeffrey, M. (1987). Congenital sporozoan encephalomyelitis in a calf. Veterinary Record 121, 563–6.Google Scholar
Parish, S. M., Maag-Miller, L., Besser, T. E., Weidner, J. P., McElwain, T., Knowles, D. P. & Leathers, C. W. (1987). Myelitis associated with protozoal infection in newborn calves. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 191, 1599–600.Google Scholar
Scholtyseck, E. (1979). Fine Structure of Parasitic Protozoa. An Atlas of Micrographs, Drawings and Diagrams. New York: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scholtyseck, E., Mehlhorn, H. & Muller, B. E. G. (1973). Identification von Merozoiten der vier cystenbildenden Coccidien (Sarcocystís, Toxoplasma, Besnoitia, Frenkelia) auf Grund feinstruktureller Kriterien. Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde 42, 185–206.Google Scholar
Sheffield, H. G. & Melton, M. L. (1968). The fine structure and reproduction of Toxoplasma gondii. Journal of Parasitology 54, 209–26.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sheffield, H. G., Melton, M. L. & Neva, F. A. (1976). Development of Hammondia hammondi in cell cultures. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 43, 217–25.Google Scholar
Shivaprasad, H. L., Ely, R. & Dubey, J. P. (1989). A Neospora-like protozoan found in an aborted bovine placenta. Veterinary Parasitology 34, 145.Google Scholar
Speer, C. A. & Dubey, J. P. (1989). Ultrastructure of tachyzoites, bradyzoites and tissue cysts of Neospora caninum. Journal of Protozoology 36, 458–63.Google Scholar
Speer, C A., Dubey, J. P., Blixt, J. A. & Blagburn, B. (1988). Development of Hammondia heydorni in cultured bovine and ovine cells. Journal of Protozoology 35, 352–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Speer, C A., Reduver, D. W., Burgess, D. E., Whitmire, W. M. & Splitter, G. A. (1985). Lymphokine-induced inhibition of growth of Eimeria bovis and E. pipillata (Apicomplexa) in cultured monocytes. Infection and Immunity 50, 566–71.Google Scholar
Thilsted, J. P. & Dubey, J. (1989). Neosporosis-like abortions in a herd of dairy cattle. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 1, 205–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thornton, R. A., Thompson, E. J. & Dubey, J. P. (1991). Neospora protozoal abortion in New Zealand cattle. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 39, 129–33.Google Scholar
Wouda, W., Visser, I. J. R. & van Knapen, F. (1992). Bovine protozoal abortion. Veterinary Record 130, 279.Google Scholar