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Ecological and genetic determinants of multiple infection and aggregation in a microbial host-parasite system

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 September 2008

D. FELS ,
M. VIGNON  and
O. KALTZ
D. FELS
Affiliation:
UPMC Univ Paris 06, Laboratoire de Parasitologie Evolutive – UMR 7103, 7 quai St-Bernard, 75252 Paris, France
M. VIGNON
Affiliation:
UPMC Univ Paris 06, Laboratoire de Parasitologie Evolutive – UMR 7103, 7 quai St-Bernard, 75252 Paris, France
O. KALTZ*
Affiliation:
UPMC Univ Paris 06, Laboratoire de Parasitologie Evolutive – UMR 7103, 7 quai St-Bernard, 75252 Paris, France
*
*Corresponding author. Tel: +33 (0)1 44 27 38 23. Fax: +33 (0)1 44 27 35 16. E-mail: [email protected]
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Summary

The number of parasites colonizing a host (termed ‘multiple infection’) is an important determinant of host-parasite interactions. In theory, multiple infection is determined by random mass action in genetically and spatially homogeneous populations of host and parasite. In real populations, deviations from these assumptions may strongly influence levels of multiple infection. We carried out inoculation experiments in microcosms of the freshwater protozoan Paramecium caudatum and its bacterial parasite Holospora undulata. Increasing parasite dose produced higher levels of (multiple) infection; more susceptible host genotypes also were more multiply infected. An overall pattern of parasite aggregation (excess of uninfected individuals and of individuals carrying larger numbers of parasites) indicated deviations from random mass-action transmission. Homogenizing spatial distributions of parasite and host in our microcosms did not affect aggregation, whereas aggregation was more pronounced in old than in new host clones. Thus, variation in susceptibility may arise over time within clonal populations. When sequentially inoculated, already established infections increased the probability of additional infection in generally resistant host clones, but decreased it in more susceptible clones. Hence, the role of multiple infection as a driver of epidemiological or evolutionary processes may vary among populations, depending on their precise genetic composition or infection history.

Keywords

multiple infectionaggregationexperimental epidemiologyHolospora undulatainduced resistancemass actionParamecium caudatumspatial distribution
Type
Original Articles
Information
Parasitology , Volume 135 , Issue 12 , October 2008 , pp. 1373 - 1383
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Cambridge University Press

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