Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T19:17:37.102Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The capitulum and feeding mechanism of Ixodes hexagonus Leach

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

D. R. Arthur
D. R. Arthur
Affiliation:
From the Department of Zoology, King's College, University of London
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

1. The external structure of the capitulum of Ixodes hexagonus is described in detail, and the differences between it and the closely allied I. cookei are noted.

2. The capitulum is divisible into two portions, an extra-basis and basis regions. The former is divided into the hypostomal groove, the labrohypostomal groove and the labro-hypostomal gutter. Internally the basis is divided into dorsal and ventral chambers by the subcheliceral plate. The dorsal chamber houses the chelicerae while the pharynx and the salivary ducts occupy the ventral portion.

3. The so-called ‘stylet-like process’ is the anterior prolongation from the basal lobe of the labrum, and forms the mid-rib of a lamella which divides the hypostome into a dorsal salivary channel and a ventral food conduit.

4. There are rows of teeth on the internal faces of the anterior fifth of the pharynx. Two series of pharyngeal muscles are present: (i) those having a dorsal attachment to the floor of the salivary chamber, and (ii) those having similar attachments to the subcheliceral plates.

5. During feeding the first incision is made by the denticulate apices of the digits and into it the hypostome is then forced. Further cutting by the digits enables the hypostome to penetrate to its base. At the same time the palps splay out. The blood is then drawn up the food conduit by the action of the sucking pharynx. The lower surface of the labrum is produced into a tooth-like projection that fits into a groove of the lower wall of the pharynx. Presumably it functions as a valve to prevent regurgitation of blood. The pharyngeal teeth may function as a supplementary valvular apparatus or else serve for the breakdown of erythrocytes.

6. The tissue reaction of a stoat's skin to penetration by the capitulum of I. hexagonus is described.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 41 , Issue 1-2 , July 1951 , pp. 66 - 81
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1951

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Arthur, D. R. (1946). Parasitology, 37, 154–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arthur, D. R. (1947). Ent. Mon. Mag. 83, 69–76.Google Scholar
Bertram, D. S. (1939). Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit. 33, 229–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonnett, A. (1907). Ann. Univ. Lyons, N.S., 1, 1.Google Scholar
Christophers, S. R. (1906). Sci. Mem. Med. Sanit. Dep. India, 23, 55 pp.Google Scholar
Cooley, R. A. & Kohls, G. M. (1944). The Argasidae of North America, Central America and Cuba. Amer. Mid. Nat., Monograph No. 1, 152 pp.Google Scholar
Cooley, R. A. & Kohls, G. M. (1945). The genus Ixodes in North America. Bull. U.S. Publ. Hlth San. no. 184.Google Scholar
Douglas, J. R. (1943). Univ. Calif. Publ. Ent. 7, 207–71.Google Scholar
Ewing, H. E. (1929). A Manual of External Parasites, p. 87. London: Baillière, Tindall and Cox.Google Scholar
Hughes, T. E. (1949). Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit. 43, 349–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jourdain, S. (1901). Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 6, 142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacGill, E. (1947). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 117, 115–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacLeod, J. (1932). Parasitology, 24, 382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nordenskiöld, E. (1908). Zool. Jb. Abt. 2, 25, 635.Google Scholar
Nordenskiöld, E. (1909). Zool. Jb. Abt. 2, 27, 149.Google Scholar
Nuttall, G. H. F. (1914). Parasitology, 7, 258–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nuttall, G. H. F., Cooper, W. F. & Robinson, L. E. (1908). Parasitology, 1, 152–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nuttall, G. H. F., Cooper, W. F. & Smedley, R. D. (1905). Rep. 75th Meet. Brit. Ass., S. Africa, p. 439.Google Scholar
Nuttall, G. H. F., Warburton, C., Cooper, W. F. & Robinson, L. E. (1911). Ticks, A Monograph of the Ixodoidea, Pt. II, pp. 105–348. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Patton, W. S. & Cragg, F. S. (1913). A Textbook of Medical Entomology, p. 659. London, Madras and Calcutta: Christian Literature Society for India.Google Scholar
Robinson, L. E. & Davidson, J. (1913). Parasitology, 6, 217–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, I.Clunies (1924). Parasitology, 16, 365–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruser, M. (1933). Z. Morph. Ökol. Tiere, 27, 199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samson, K. (1909). Z. wiss. Zool. 93, 185–236.Google Scholar
Schulze, P. (1935). Z. Morph. Ökol. Tiere, 30, 1–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sen, S. K. (1934). Nature, Lond., 134, 664.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sen, S. K. (1935). Parasitology, 27, 355–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Senevet, G. (1937). Ixodides. In Faune de France, 32, Paris: P. Lechevalier et fils.Google Scholar
Snodgrass, R. E. (1948). The feeding organs of Arachnida, including mites and ticks. Smithson. Misc. Coll. 110, 1–93.Google Scholar