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Anthelmintic tolerance in free-living and facultative parasitic isolates of Halicephalobus (Panagrolaimidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 April 2012

P. FONDERIE ,
W. BERT ,
F. HENDRICKX ,
W. HOUTHOOFD  and
T. MOENS
P. FONDERIE*
Affiliation:
Nematology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
W. BERT
Affiliation:
Nematology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
F. HENDRICKX
Affiliation:
Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, rue Vautiers 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
W. HOUTHOOFD
Affiliation:
Nematology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
T. MOENS
Affiliation:
Marine Biology Section, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
*
*Corresponding author: Nematology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University; K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. Tel: +32 92645225. Fax: +32 92645344. E-mail: [email protected]
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Summary

Studies on anthelmintic resistance in equine parasites do not include facultative parasites. Halicephalobus gingivalis is a free-living bacterivorous nematode and a known facultative parasite of horses with a strong indication of some form of tolerance to common anthelmintic drugs. This research presents the results of an in vitro study on the anthelmintic tolerance of several isolates of Halicephalobus to thiabendazole and ivermectin using an adaptation of the Micro-Agar Larval Development Test hereby focusing on egg hatching and larval development. Panagrellus redivivus and Panagrolaimus superbus were included as a positive control. The results generally show that the anthelmintic tolerance of Halicephalobus to both thiabendazole and ivermectin was considerably higher than that of the closely related Panagrolaimidae and, compared to other studies, than that of obligatory equine parasites. Our results further reveal a remarkable trend of increasing tolerance from fully free-living isolates towards horse-associated isolates. In vitro anthelmintic testing with free-living and facultative parasitic nematodes offers the advantage of observing drug effect on the complete life cycle as opposed to obligatory parasites that can only be followed until the third larval stage. We therefore propose Halicephalobus gingivalis as an experimental tool to deepen our understanding of the biology of anthelmintic tolerance.

Keywords

facultative parasitismivermectinMALDT methodthiabendazolemodel organism
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 139 , Issue 10 , September 2012 , pp. 1301 - 1308
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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