Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T00:22:26.140Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Stabilizing species selection in the Archaeogastropoda

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2016

Norman L. Gilinsky
Norman L. Gilinsky*
Affiliation:
Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Factor analysis of morphometric data from fossil and recent Archaeogastropoda reveals that there has been a progressive reduction in the variety of archaeogastropod shell shapes through time. High and low spired genera have slowly disappeared while equidimensional forms, which have always been the most common, have become even more abundant. The taxonomic manifestation of this trend has long been appreciated and involves: 1) the extinction of most of the Pleurotomariacea, the Euomphalacea, Trochonematacea, and several other superfamilies, which collectively comprise most of the variation in shape among early archaeogastropods, and 2) the proliferation of the primarily equidimensional Trochacea and Neritacea. I suggest that this macroevolutionary trend may be explained by the general process I refer to as “stabilizing species selection.” More specifically, I suggest that the mechanism of stabilizing species selection in the case presented here may have been differential rates of origination.

I believe that the innovative concept of species selection has been burdened by the adherence of its advocates to the idea that differential extinction is its primary mechanism. This preference for differential extinction is rooted in our emphasis upon differential mortality in microevolution and is not based upon data of macroevolutionary change. I argue that differential origination may be as important as differential extinction in directing macroevolutionary change and that demographical and autecological properties of species may be its agents. Recognition of the importance of differential origination will have an important impact upon our concept of the relationship between adaptation and the evolutionary process.

Type
Articles
Information
Paleobiology , Volume 7 , Issue 3 , Summer 1981 , pp. 316 - 331
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Abbott, R. T. 1968. Seashells of North America. 280 pp. Golden Press; New York, New York.Google Scholar
Albrecht, G. H. 1978. Some comments on the use of ratios. Syst. Zool. 4:1–20.Google Scholar
Anderson, D. T. 1960. The life histories of marine prosobranch gastropods. J. Malacol. Soc. Aust. 4:16–29.Google Scholar
Arnold, A. J. and Fristrup, K. 1981. The hierarchical basis for a unified theory of evolution. In prep.Google Scholar
Atcheley, W. R. 1978. Ratios, regression intercepts, and the scaling of biological data. Syst. Zool. 27:78–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atchley, W. R., Gaskins, C. T., and Anderson, D. 1976. Statistical properties of ratios. I. Empirical results. Syst. Zool. 25:137–148.Google Scholar
Blackith, R. E. and Reyment, R. A. 1971. Multivariate Morphometrics. 412 pp. Academic Press; New York, New York.Google Scholar
Boss, K. J. 1971. Critical estimate of the number of recent Mollusca. Occas. Papers on Mollusks, Mus. Comp. Zool. 3(40):81–135.Google Scholar
Cain, A. J. 1977. Variation in the spire index of some coiled gastropod shells, and its evolutionary significance. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. 277:377–428.Google ScholarPubMed
Campbell, N. A. 1978. Multivariate analysis in biological anthropology: some further considerations. J. Hum. Evol. 7:197–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, L. R. 1960. Archaeogastropoda. In: Moore, R. C., ed. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part I (Mollusca). 351 pp. Univ. of Kansas Press; Lawrence, Kansas.Google Scholar
Eldredge, N. and Cracraft, J. 1980. Phylogenetic Patterns and the Evolutionary Process. 349 pp. Columbia Univ. Press; New York, New York.Google Scholar
Eldredge, N. and Gould, S. J. 1972. Punctuated equilibria: an alternative to phyletic gradualism. In: Schopf, T. J. M., ed. Models in Paleobiology. Freeman, Cooper and Co.; San Francisco, California.Google Scholar
Fretter, V. and Graham, A. 1962. British Prosobranch Molluscs. 755 pp. Ray Soc.; London.Google Scholar
Fretter, V. and Graham, A. 1976. The prosobranch molluscs of Britain and Denmark. Pt. 1. Pleurotomariacea, Fissurellacea, and Patellacea. J. Molluscan Studies. Supp. 1.Google Scholar
Fretter, V. and Graham, A. 1977. The prosobranch mollusks of Britain and Denmark. Pt. 2. Trochacea. J. Molluscan Studies. Supp. 3.Google Scholar
Golikov, A. N. and Starobogatov, Y. I. 1975. Systematics of prosobranch gastropods. Malacologia. 15:185–232.Google Scholar
Gould, S. J. 1980. Is a new and general theory of evolution emerging? Paleobiology. 6:119–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gould, S. J. and Eldredge, N. 1977. Punctuated equilibria: the tempo and mode of evolution reconsidered. Paleobiology. 3:115–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, T. 1978. Larval dispersal and species longevity in Lower Tertiary gastropods. Science. 199:885–887.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hansen, T. 1980. Influence of larval dispersal and geographic distribution on species longevity in neogastropods. Paleobiology. 6:193–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jablonski, D. 1980. Apparent versus real effects of transgressions and regressions. Paleobiology. 6:397–407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, J. B. C. 1974. Biogeographic consequences of eurytopy and stenotopy among marine bivalves and their evolutionary significance. Am. Nat. 108:541–560.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klovan, J. E. and Imbrie, J. 1971. An algorithm and FORTRAN IV program for large-scale Q-mode factor analysis and calculation of factor score. J. Int. Assoc. Geol. 3:61–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayr, E. 1942. Systematics and the Origin of Species. 334 pp. Columbia Univ. Press; New York, New York.Google Scholar
Mayr, E. 1970. Populations, Species and Evolution. 453 pp. Harvard Univ. Press; Cambridge, Massachusetts.Google Scholar
Morton, J. E. 1967. Molluscs. 244 pp. Hutchinson & Co. Ltd; London.Google Scholar
Pianka, E. R. 1970. On r- and K-selection. Am. Nat. 104:592–597.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ponder, W. F. 1973. The origin and evolution of the Neogastropoda. Malacologia. 12:295–338.Google ScholarPubMed
Purchon, R. D. 1968. The Biology of the Mollusca. 560 pp. Pergamon Press; Oxford.Google Scholar
Raup, D. M. 1966. Geometric analysis of shell coiling: general problems. J. Paleontol. 40:1178–1190.Google Scholar
Runnegar, B. and Pojeta, J. 1974. Molluscan phylogeny: the paleontological viewpoint. Science. 186:311–317.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scheltema, R. S. 1971. Larval dispersal as a means of genetic exchange between geographically separated populations of shallow-water benthic marine invertebrates. Biol. Bull. 140:284–322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheltema, R. S. 1977. Dispersal of marine invertebrate organisms: paleobiogeographic and biostratigraphic implications. pp. 73–108. In: Kauffman, E. G. and Hazel, J. E., eds. Concepts and Methods of Biostratigraphy. Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross; Stroudsburg, Pa.Google Scholar
Shuto, T. 1974. Larval ecology of prosobranch gastropods and its bearing on biogeography and paleontology. Lethaia. 7:239–256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, G. G. 1953. The Major Features of Evolution. 434 pp. Columbia Univ. Press; New York, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sokal, R. R. and Sneath, P. H. A. 1963. Principles of Numerical Taxonomy. 359 pp. W. H. Freeman; San Francisco, California.Google Scholar
Stanley, S. M. 1975a. A theory of evolution above the species level. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 72:646–650.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stanley, S. M. 1975b. Clades versus clones in evolution: Why we have sex. Science. 190:382–383.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stanley, S. M. 1979. Macroevolution: Pattern and Process. 332 pp. W. H. Freeman and Co.; San Francisco, California.Google Scholar
Thorsen, G. 1950. Reproductive and larval ecology of marine bottom invertebrates. Biol. Rev. Camb. Phil. Soc. 25:1–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vermeij, G. J. 1977. The Mesozoic marine revolution: evidence from snails, predators, and grazers. Paleobiology. 3:245–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vermeij, G. J. 1978. Biogeography and Adaptation. 332 pp. Harvard Univ. Press; Cambridge, Massachusetts.Google Scholar
Vrba, E. 1980. Evolution, species and fossils: How does life evolve? South Afr. J. Sci. 76:61–84.Google Scholar
Waddington, C. H. 1957. The Strategy of the Genes. 262 pp. Allen and Unwin; London.Google Scholar