Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T08:12:00.339Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

South America's River Turtles: Saving Them by Use

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 April 2009

Russell A. Mittermeier
Affiliation:
New York Zoological Society, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, N.Y. 10460, USA; and Department of Anatomical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, State University of New York, Stony Brook, N.Y. 11794, USA.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The seven species of Podocnemis river turtles, in northern South America, have long been important sources of meat for local people; as such they have many advantages over both native mammals and imported domestic species. But most of the populations are now severely depleted, and several species are endangered. The author suggests that if nesting beaches were effectively protected these turtles would recover their numbers, and this, combined with careful management and sustained-yield cropping, would ensure their survival as a valuable resource.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Fauna and Flora International 1978

References

Literature Cited

1.Alarcon, Pardo H. 1969. Contributión al conocimiento de la morfologia, ecologia y distributión geográfica de Podocnemis vogli, Testudinata (Pelomedusi-dae). Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cien. Ex. Fis. Nat. 13(51): 303329.Google Scholar
2.Bates, H. W. 1863. The naturalist on the River Amazon. John Murray, London.Google Scholar
3.Belkin, D. A. 1965. Reduction of metabolic rate in response to starvation in the turtle Sternothaerus minor. Copeia 1965 (3): 367368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Crawford, M. A. 1974. The case for new domestic animals. Oryx 12(3): 351360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Ferreira, A. R. 1972. Viagem filosófica pelas Capitanias do Grão-Para, Rio Negro, Mato Grosso e Cuiabá. Conselho Federal de Cultura, Rio de Janeiro, 246 pp. (Reprint edition).Google Scholar
6.Grzimek, B. 1964. Rhinos belong to everybody. Collins, London.Google Scholar
7.Humboldt, A. von 18591860. Reise in die Aequinoctial-Gegenden des neuen Continents. Vol. 3, Hermann Hauff, J. G. Cotta’scher Verlag, Stuttgart, 403 pp.Google Scholar
8.Meggers, B.J. 1971. Amazonia, man and culture in a counterfeit paradise. Aldine—Atherton, Chicago, viii + 182 pp.Google Scholar
9.Mosqueira, Manso J.M. 1945. Las tortugas del Orinoco. Ensayos biológicos de la arrau (Podocnemis expansa). III Conf. Interamer. Agric. Cuad. Verdes 29: 43 pp.Google Scholar
10.Mittermeier, R. A. and Wilson, R. A. 1974. Redescription of Podocnemis erythrocephala (Spix, 1824), an Amazonian pelomedusid turtle. Papeis Avul. Zool., S. Paulo 28(8): 147162.Google Scholar
11.Ojasti, J. 1967. Consideraciones sobre la ecologia y conservatión de la tortuga Podocnemis expansa (Chelonia, Pelomedusidae). Atas Simp. Biota Amaz. 7: 201206.Google Scholar
12.Ojasti, J. 1971. La tortuga arrau del Orinoco. Def. Naturaleza 1(2): 39.Google Scholar
13.Ramirez, E. 1956. La tortuga, estudio biológico de la tortuga ‘arrau’ del Orinoco, Venezuela. Agricultor Venez. 21(190): 4463.Google Scholar
14.Roze, J. A. 1964. Pilgrim of the River. Nat. Hist. 73(7): 35–11.Google Scholar
15.Smith, N. 1974a. Agouti and babassu. Oryx 12(5): 581582.Google Scholar
16.Smith, N. 1974b. Destructive exploitation of the South American river turtle Podocnemis expansa. Yearb. Assoc. Pacific Coast Geog. 36: 85100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Talbot, L. 1963. Comparison of the efficiency of wild animals and domestic livestock in utilization of East African rangelands. In: Conservation of nature and natural resources in modern African states, CCTA/IUCN Symposium, Arusha, Tanganyika, September, 1961, IUCN Publ. (N.S.) 1.Google Scholar
18.Templeton, J. R. 1970. Reptiles. In: Whittow, G. C., ed., Comparative physiology of thermoregulation, Vol. I. Academic Press, N. Y., 167221.Google Scholar
19.Valle, R. C., Alfinito, J., and Silva, M. M. Ferreira Da 1973. Contribuição ao estudo da tartaruga amazônica. In: Preservacão da tartaruga amazonica. Brazil. Ministerio da Agricultura, Directoria Estadual no Para,. 6688.Google Scholar
20.Wood, R. C. 1970. The fossil Pelomedusidae of Africa. Unpubl. doctoral dissertation, Harvard Univ.Google Scholar