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The Institute for Antiquity and Christianity1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2009

James M. Robinson
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Short Studies
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New Testament Studies , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , January 1970 , pp. 178 - 195
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1970

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References

page 178 note 2 Cf. e.g. in Schuder, Werner, ed., Universitas Litterarum: Handbuch der Wissenschaftskunde (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1955)Google Scholar, Wilfred, Oberhummer, ‘Die Akademien der Wissenschaftens’, pp. 700–8,Google Scholar and Geissler, Rudolf, ‘Wissenschaftliche Forschungsinstitute’, pp. 708–13;Google Scholar and; for the area of primary concern in the present context, Aland, Kurt, ‘Akademie: I. Akademien der Wissenschaft’, RGG3, I (1957), 195–203.Google Scholar

page 178 note 3 The journal Antike und Christentum was written and published by Dölger single─handedly from 1929 to 1936 (vi appeared posthumously, 1950); the first fascicle of the Reallexikon für Antike und Christentum, already planned before Dölger’s death in 1940, appeared in 194.1, with volume 1 dated 1950. Under the leadership of Theodor Klauser the ‘Franz Dölger­Institut zur Erforschung der Spätantike’ was founded in 1955 at the University of Bonn to carry forward Dölger’s legacy.

page 179 note 1 It is of some relevance to note the extent to which one of the precursors of the Society for New Testament Studies, the Neutestamentler- Tagungen of the 1920s, began organizing basic research in the New Testament field. Cf. the reports of Ernst von Dobschütz on the first seven meetings in Z.N.W. XXII (1923), 147–50, 311–13Google Scholar; XXIII (1924), 311–13; XXV (1926), 168–74, 315–19; XXVII (1928), 222–4; XXIX (1930), 160. It is hoped that the Society for New Testament Studies will increasingly become such a centre for the organization and co-ordination of international and group research, as the reports in N.T.S. on the Corpus Hellenisticum (II, 1955–1956, 217–21 and III, 1956–1957, 254–9), and on the International Greek New Testament Project (II,1955–1956, 221–3), as well as the seminars on a New Tischendorf and on the Coptic Gnostic Library at the annual meeting of 1968 would tend to indicate.

page 180 note 1 The plan to publish a critical edition of the Greek New Testament, initially discussed with German scholars (Z.N.W. XXV, 1926, 317–18),Google Scholar was supported by the British Academy; cf. Proceedings of the British Academy, XIII (1927), 4,Google Scholar and in following years up to XXXIV (1948), 14, where the American project is first mentioned. The 1948 BritishCommittee consisted of the following: R. H. Lightfoot, chairman; G. D. Kilpatrick, secretary; H. F. D. Sparks, treasurer; W. D. McHardy; Sir H. I. Bell; F. S. Marsh; Bishop J. W. Hunkin; C. H. Roberts; C. H. Dodd; T. C. Skeat; T. W. Manson. The current British Committee is composed of the following: J. M. Plumley, chairman; G. D. Kilpatrick, vice-chairman; H. F. D. Sparks, treasurer; J. N. Birdsall; Matthew Black; S. P. Brock; W. D. McHardy; I. A. Moir; T. C. Skeat.

page 180 note 2 The original American Executive Committee was composed of the following: E. C. Colwell, chairman; A. P. Wikgren, vice-chairman; M. M. Parvis, secretary; K.W.Clark; R.P.Casey; B. M. Metzger. The current Committee consists of the following: E. C. Colwell, chairman; A. P. Wikgren, vice-chairman; M. J. Suggs, secretary; B. M. Metzger; E. J. Epp; K. W. Clark, executive editor. Paul R. McReynolds is corresponding and recording secretary. The Committee acts as a self-perpetuating board but the SBL has been informed regularly as to changes and progress.

page 180 note 3 Parvis, Merrill M., ‘The International Project to Establish a New Critical Apparatus of the Greek New Testament’, Crozer Quarterly, XXVII (1950), 301–8;Google ScholarMetzger, Bruce M., ‘Report of Progress of the American Section of the International Greek New Testament Project’, N.T.S. II (1955–1956), 222–3.Google Scholar

page 180 note 4 The report made at the 12 1967 meeting of the SBL was published: Ernest Cadman Colwell with Irving Alan Sparks, Fredreik Wisse, McReynolds, Paul R., ‘The New Testament Project: A Status Report’, J.B.L. LXXXVII (1968), 187–97.Google Scholar

page 181 note 1 Ibid. Also Eldon Jay Epp, ‘The Claremont Profile Method for Grouping New Testament Minuscule Manuscripts’, in ‘Studies in the History and Text of the New Testament in Honor of Kenneth Willis Clark Ph.D.’, Studies and Documents, XXIX (1967), 27–38.Google Scholar

page 181 note 2 Cf. Bericht der Stiftung zur Förderung der neutestamentlichen Textforschung für die Jahre 1967/1968s, p. 30.

page 181 note 3 In 1968–9 continuous-text collators included the following: P. J . Achtemeier, M. E. Boring, S. A. Cartledge, F. G. Carver, S. D. Currie, F. L. Fisher, D. R. A. Hare, E. F. Harrison, H. W. Huston, I. A. Moir, J.B.Parkinson, L. P. Pherigo, C. M. Roark, E. W. Saunders, D.J. Selby, C. Walker, J. A. Walther, D.J. Wieand.

page 181 note 4 For the method of selection see E. C. Colwell et al., op. cit. pp. 188–91.

page 181 note 5 In 1968–9 lectionary collators included the following: R.W.Allison, E.F.Harrison, T. Hirunuma, A. S. Illingsworth, C. M. Roark, O. F. Stahlke, H. Sturz.

page 181 note 6 See E. C. Colwell et al., op. cit. pp. 187–8. In 1968–1969 patristic workers included the following: M. P. Brown Jr., W. P. Anderson, G. D. Fee, J. H. Greenlee, D. L. Jones, I. A. Moir, H. H. Oliver, R. J. Schork, R. J. Swanson, B. Tatum, D. Volturno.

page 182 note 1 The Project staff responsible for this work at the Institure consists of: Paul R. McReynolds, research associate (1968–1969, 1969–1970); C. Mack Roark, research assistant (1968–1970); Karen Girard (1969–1970); and Mrs Eleanor B. Johnston, secretary.

page 182 note 2 Cf. the reports by Kurt Aland, N.T.S. II (1955–1956), 217–21;Google Scholarvan Unnik, Willem Cornelis, N.T.S. III (1956–1957), 254–9Google Scholar; J.B.L. LXXXIII (1964), 17–33;Google ScholarDelling, Gerhard, Z.N.W. LIV (1963), 1–15.Google Scholar

page 182 note 3 Cf. the recent articles by Malherbe, Abraham J., ‘The Beasts at Ephesus’, J.B.L. LXXXVII (1968), 71–80;Google Scholar and Betz, Hans Dieter, ‘The Mithras Inscriptions of Santa Prisca and the New Testament’, Novum Testamentum, X (1968), 62–80.Google Scholar

page 183 note 1 Research assistants at Claremont are Donald Stoike (1967–1968), Peter A. Dirkse (1967–1968, 1968–1969), and Edgar W. Smith, Jr. (1969–1970).

page 184 note 1 Further participants in the consultation, in addition to Claremont Institute personnel and a limited number of other members of the local academic community, were the following: William R. Baird, Jr., Hendrikus W. Boers, Herbert Braun, William G. Doty, Dieter Georgi, Ray L. Hart, Norman Perrin.

page 184 note 2 The plan was worked out at a consultation arranged by Lukas Vischer, director of the Faith and Order Commission, and held 21–6 October 1968 at the Reformierte Heimstätte Boldern near Zürich.

page 184 note 3 Participants in the study group are Hans Dieter Betz, John B. Cobb, Jr., Fred O. Francis, Robert W. Funk, Dieter Georgi, Neill Q. Hamilton, Edward C. Hobbs, Ralph P. Martin, James M. Robinson, Jack T. Sanders, David H. Wallace, Herman C. Waetjen. The first meeting was 29 March 1969, and consisted of a form-critical discussion led by Georgi of the miracle story in the New Testament; the second was 14 June 1969, and consisted of a comparison of the miracle story in Christianity prior to Mark with the Marcan use of the miracle story, in a discussion led by Hamilton.

page 185 note 1 Research assistant at the Institute is David L. Doss (1967–1968, 1968–1969, 1969–1970).

page 185 note 2 For a survey of the status of Nag Hammadi studies at that time cf. Robinson, James M., ‘The Coptic Gnostic Library Today’, N.T.S. XIV (1968), 356–401,Google Scholar esp. section I, ‘Publication Projects’, pp. 356–65. Brief reference is made at the end of that section (p. 365) to the Institute project.

page 185 note 3 Previously the number of tractates had been listed on the basis of Doresse's inventories as 48 or 49, and on the basis of Krause's inventory, presupposed in the Catalogue in N.T.S. XIV (1968), 380–401, as 51.Google Scholar The identification of the ten surviving pages of Codex XII as the Coptic Sentences of Sextus has made it possible to ascertain that the fragments collected in one plexiglass container do not belong to this tractate. Some (but not all) of these have been identified as belonging to a Sahidic version of the Gospel of Truth. Hence the fragments have provisionally been classified as XII, 2 and 3. This raises the total number of tractates to 53, although, as Krause remarks (M.D.A.I.K. XVIII, 1962, 131 f.),Google Scholar further study may lead to further distinctions, e.g. in the fragmentary Codices IX and X. Whether XI, 42, 1–46, 35 should be considered as a series of brief independent tractates, or as an appendix to XI, 2, as has been provisionally done so as not to depart prematurely from previous numerations, must be determined on the basis of further study. In Codex XIII one might infer from the lengths of parts 2 and 3 of the Trimorphic Protennoia that the first part probably did not extend back to the opening of the Codex, for from the length of the tractate which followed (cf. II, 5), one can calculate the approximate location of the lost beginning of the Codex. Thus a tractate of which nothing survives and which is not included in the total number of (at least partially surviving) tractates, may have preceded what is listed as XIII, 1.

page 185 note 4 The report to UNESCO by the preliminary committee of 4 November 1961 listed the following assignments: one (II, 2) to A. Guillaumont, H.-Ch. Puech, G. Quispel, W. Till and Yassah ‘Abd al Masih; fifteen (II, 1, 6, 7; III, 1; IV, 1–8; VII, 1, 2) to Martin Krause; six (II, 5; V, 2–5; XIII, 2) to Alexander Böhlig; one (II, 3) to Kendrick Grobel; one (II, 4) to J. Martin Plumley. The editing of the Jung Codex (I, 1–5) was not included in this list of assignments, probably because a committee to edit this Codex already existed. The publication or publication plans for these assignments were reported by Martin Krause, ‘Der Stand der Veröffentlichung der Nag Hammadi Texte’, Le origini dello Gnosticismo, Studies in the History of Religions XII (Supplements to Numen), Brill, Leiden, 1967, pp. 62–4; he also lists (p. 65, notes 4–7) eight further tractates whose editing had subsequently been envisaged: four (III, 3–5; V, 1) by Krause; two (III, 2; IV, 2) by Böhlig; two (VII, 3, 5) by Victor Girgis.

page 186 note 1 I, 1, 2,3; ii, 1–5; m, 1–4; iv, 1; v, 2–5; XIII, 2. The ‘preliminary’ edition of the Gospel of Thomas lacked a Coptic index, but this is presumably to appear in the complete edition being prepared by the editors. Meanwhile a concordance is being prepared at Claremont on a computer. The Coptic index to II, 4 will be included in Bullard's edition. The Coptic index is absent from Doresse's edition of III, 2, but will be included in Böhlig and Wisse's. Indices for III, 3–4 are absent from their publication in footnotes of Till's edition of BG 8502, but will be included in Krause's edition.

page 186 note 2 I, 4, 5; II, 6, 7; III, 5; IV, 2; v, 1; VI, 1–8.

page 186 note 3 This is no doubt due to the fact that the numeration of the Codices by the Coptic Museum used in Krause's inventory and adopted by UNESCO was based upon the planned sequence of publication, which in turn was largely based upon the state of preservation of the material. The publication in 1962 of XIII, 2 hardly forms an exception. For only ten lines survive of a tractate preserved in its entirety in Codex II (5); hence XIII, 2 was appropriately published as a footnote on p. 36 of Böhlig's edition of II, 5. Although the Catalogue lists 1968 as the planned publication date for the editio princeps of I, 1; II, 6, 7; IV, 2; VI, 1–8, only one (I, 1) has appeared, dated 1968; the date currently planned for the others is 1969 or later. Böhlig's edition of III, 2 and IV, 2 is currently planned to appear in English in collaboration with Frederik Wisse, and a revised second edition of Böhlig and Labib's publication of V, 2–5 is planned in English in conjunction with William Murdock (v, 2, 4), William R. Schoedel (v, 3) and George MacRae (v, 5).

page 187 note 1 Plans have been initiated by the Institute's project in co-operation with Pittsburgh Theological Seminary, the American Research Center in Egypt, and the Smithsonian Institute to project an archaeological expedition at the site of the find near Nag Hammadi, under the archaeological direction of Paul W. Lapp.

page 188 note 1 The project staff at the Institute consists of the following: Frederik Wisse, research associate; Douglas Parrott, research associate; John D. Turner, research associate; Peter A. Dirkse, research assistant; James Brashler, research assistant; Charles Hedrick, research assistant. The work of the project has been supported by the National Endowment for the Arts and Humanities. Progress reports on the project were made at the annual meetings of the American Oriental Society, April 1968; the Society for New Testament Studies, August 1968; the American Academy of Religion, October 1968; and the American Schools of Oriental Research, December 1968. The following Table of Contents tacitly improves in some cases the data of the Catalogue in N.T.S. XIV (1968), 380–401.Google Scholar But whereas the tractate titles in the Catalogue were direct quotations from the manuscripts, so far as titles are extant, the Table of Contents employs a standardized and simplified nomenclature suitable for current use. At IX. 1 and XI, 4 partly effaced superscriptions have been restored.

page 190 note 1 In 1944 J. A. Montgomery cited the need for a cross-concordance of the Ugaritic literature and the Hebrew Bible (J.B.L. LXIII, 1944, 418).Google Scholar In 1963 Dahood, Mitchell reiterated the demands imposed by the increasing wealth of materials (Biblica, XLIV, 1963, 290).Google Scholar

page 190 note 2 In 1967 the advisory council met in conjunction with the annual meeting of the Society of Biblical Literature and in 1968 with the American Oriental Society. The members of the advisory council are: Michael C. Astour, Frank M.Cross, Jr., Mitchell Dahood, H.L.Ginsberg, Cyrus H. Gordon, Jean Nougayrol, Marvin H. Pope, Rolf Rendtorff, and C. F. A. Schaeffer.

page 190 note 3 The present list of contributors includes: Michael C. Astour, Mitchell Dahood, Terry Fenton, Loren R. Fisher, Jonas C. Greenfield, John Khanjian, F. Brent Knutson, Baruch Levine, Patrick D. Miller, Jr., Marvin H. Pope, Anson F. Rainey, Jack Sasson, Anton Schoors, Roy A. Uyechi, Richard Whitaker, and Tadanori Yamashita. There are a few assignments which have not yet been made.

page 190 note 4 The project office at Claremont is completing a bibliography of relevant secondary literature. To ensure comprehensive treatment of all previous study, each contributor has been provided with the first of two printings of a special bibliography arranged by reference to the Ugaritic texts. The research assistants involved in this work are John Khanjian (1967–1968, 1968–1969), F. Brent Knutson (1966–1967, 1967–1968, 1968–1969, 1969–1970), and Donn F. Morgan (1969–1970).

page 192 note 1 Policy decisions regarding the choice of technical terms, especially regarding their translation from German into English, have been made as follows: ‘structure’ has been chosen because it seems to come closest to what the German word ‘Aufbau’ expresses. The translation ‘form’ seemed less adequate in view of its ambiguous use to translate both ‘Aufbau’ and ‘genre’. The word ‘Gattung’ is best rendered by ‘genre’ or ‘type’. ‘Setting’ seems to be the best expression for ‘Sitz im Leben’, whereas ‘intention’ comes closest to what the German means by ‘Absicht’, ‘Ziel’.

page 193 note 1 The project staff at the Institute consists of Kent Richards, research associate 1967–1968), Eugene Roop, research assistant (1968–1969), and John Connelly (1969–1970).

page 193 note 2 Studies on the Texts of the Desert of fudah, ed. by J. van der Ploeg, O.P.

page 193 note 3 Discoveries in the Judean Desert of Judah, v (1968).Google Scholar

page 193 note 4 Research assistants at the Institute are Edgar W. Smith, Jr. (1966–1967), Elmer A. Martens (1967–1968), Gerald Frens (1968–1969) and Eugene Roop (1969–1970).

page 193 note 5 Revue de ľhistoire des religions, CXXXVII (1950), 130 ff.Google Scholar

page 194 note 1 P.G. XXIX, 1156 ff.Google Scholar

page 194 note 2 Corderius, B., Expositio Patrum Graecorum in Psalmos, Antwerp, 1643.Google Scholar

page 194 note 3 Cf. Richard, M., ‘Les premières chaînes sur le Psautier’, Bulletin ďinformation de ľInstitut de recherche et ďhistoire des textes, v (1957), 87–98.Google Scholar This methodology was first proposed by Devréesse, R., ‘Chaînes exégétiques grecques’, Supplément au Dictionnaire de la Bible, I (1928), 1116–17.Google Scholar

page 195 note 1 The research assistant involved in this work at the Institute at Claremont is Edward E. Busch (1968–1969, 1969–1970).