Achaemenid Empire 7–8, 84, 105–6, 112, 126
Aegina 14, 91
Aeschines Socraticus 4
Agamemnon 24, 85, 107
Agesilaus 10, 59–60, 65, 129
Campaign in Asia Minor 8, 14–15, 18, 100–1, 103, 127
Campaign in Greece 88, 91
Piety 93–4
Style of kingship 110–5,
Akrasia 17
Alcibiades 16, 44, 51, 111
As student of Socrates 53, 75–6
Return from exile 21–2, 66
Alexander the Great 129–30
Anachronism 10, 57
Anaxagoras 53–4
Ancestral constitution see patrios politeia
Andocides 35
Animals 24, 42, 49, 107–8
Baggage 90
Images of womanhood 30, 34, 38
Opposed to human 55, 118
Antiphon 21
Antisthenes 16, 21, 30, 37, 41, 42, 106
Appetites 39, 43–4, 92–3
Control of 17, 53, 55–6, 90
Araspas 22–3, 121–2
Arginusae
Battle 66–7
Trial 51, 66–9
Aristippus 8, 16, 20, 40–1, 51–2, 75, 106
As hedonist 62–4
Aristophanes 76 n63
Clouds 42
Wasps 35
Aristotle 17, 26, 52, 73, 128
On kingship 107, 110–1, 124
On slavery 39
On women 38
On friendship 41, 48
Armies 84–104
see also Cavalry, hoplites
Encampments 84–6
Provisioning 90, 95, 103
Training 94–100
Arrian of Nicomedia 129–30
Artaxerxes II 7–8, 87
Askēsis 18
Aspasia 4, 32
Assyrians 87, 109
Astyages 110, 112–3, 120–1
Athens 21–2, 95–6
Acropolis 79
Agora 46, 54, 75
Assembly 5, 47, 61, 67–8, 69–71, 73, 76, 83
Council 67–8, 72
Economy 6, 9, 33, 46–7, 80–2
Law courts 64–5, 74–5
Military 95–6, 97–8
Long Walls 70
Piraeus 16, 21–2, 59, 64, 70, 79, 83
Silver mines 39, 41, 82
Authority 94, 105, 109–11, 113–4, 122–3
Babylon 51, 115
Barbarians see non-Greeks
Barker, William 132
Basilikē technē 16, 27, 63, 105–8
Battles
Aegospotami 69
Arginusae 6, 22, 66–7, 88
Chaeronea 83
Coronea 8, 88
Cunaxa 7, 15, 86–7, 89, 105
Leuctra 9, 60, 65
Mantinea (362) 9
Bees 34
Bessarion, Cardinal 131
Boeotia 10, 95–6
Bysshe, Edward 133
Callias 16, 44–5
Cambyses 48, 57–8, 108–9, 112–3, 117–8
Cavalry 46, 73, 80, 85, 96–7, 100–1, 109
Centaurs 100
Civil war see stasis
Chaerecrates 41–2
Chaerephon 41–2
Charis 18–19, 42, 49, 78, 116–7, 121
Charisma 110, 113
Charmides 16, 47–8, 64, 79
Cheirisophus 91
Children 29–30, 38
Chrysantas 78, 99–100
Chrysilla 35–6
Cicero 4, 20, 128–9
Cinadon 59, 65
Citizenship 11–12, 18, 39, 41–3, 46–7, 51
Household leadership 26–8
Civil war see stasis
Clearchus 15, 91–2
Cleocritus 6, 24, 79
Consent 107
Constitutions 57–61
Typologies 123
Corcyra 101–2
Corinth 9, 70, 88
Cosmetics 36–7, 120
cosmos 17, 54, 77, 108
household as 27–8
courage 9, 88–9, 93, 115, 120
craft 33, 75
Crates 28
Critias 12, 13–14, 44, 53, 72–3, 79
Crito 31, 71
Critobulus 5, 31–2, 37
Croesus 12, 109–10, 116, 122–3
Ctesias 87, 89, 115
Cyaxares 19, 98, 119–20
Cynicism 28
Cyreans see the Ten Thousand
Cyrenaics 16, 62
Cyrus the Great 8, 12, 13, 129
Youth 19, 57
As exemplar 131–2
As military leader 22–3, 78, 84–6, 93, 97–100
As monarch 15, 106, 109–14, 116–22
On distribution 19, 78, 98–9
Cyrus the Younger 7, 84, 105–6, 128–9
Death of 86–7, 89
Deception 19, 55, 92, 116–20
Delphi 8, 57–8, 61, 79, 123
Demetrius of Phalerum 20
Democracy 6–7, 34, 47–8, 65–9, 98–9, 126
Instability 51–2, 61
Tyranny of the majority 76
Demos 51–2, 67–8
Diodorus (son of Xenophon) 8
Diodorus Siculus 13, 14, 89 n16, 101 n47
Diogenes Laertius 3–4, 15–16, 20
Dionysodorus 95
Distribution see equality
Divination 89, 93–4, 108–9
Dokimasia 29
Economics 6, 26, 33–4, 41, 58, 80–3
Education 46, 52–7, 92
Athenian 4–5, 29, 52, 61, 94–5
Modern 133–4
Persian 52–3, 107
Spartan 52–3, 107
Elenchus 56
Eleusinian Mysteries 6, 79
Elites 3, 5, 11, 58–61, 61–5, 75, 78
Education 26, 43–4, 52–3
Political role 48–50, 51–2, 61–5, 67, 71, 80–2
Empire 107, 115–7
enkrateia 17, 55, 121
Epaminondas of Thebes 9, 14
Epimeleia 18, 34, 136
Equality 19, 78, 97–9
Arithmetic 78
Geometric 42, 78
eros 17, 44
Estate management 46–9
Ethics 15–8, 35, 61–5, 110, 121–2. 135–6
Eubulus 81–2
eudaimonia 63, 107–8
Eugenics 38
Eunapius of Sardis 130
Eunuchs 116, 121–2
Euripides 31
Euryptolemus 22, 67–9
Euthydemus 54–6
Exemplarity 13–15, 66, 91–4, 106, 113–4
Family 18, 28, 41–2, 52, 81
In monarchy 105
Farming 37, 46–9, 133
Festivals 79–80, 124–5
Apaturia 67
Gymnopaidiai 65
Panathenaia 79, 97
Plynteria 21–2
Fielding, Sarah 132
Filelfo, Francesco 131
Food 6, 29–33, 97, 106, 111, 114
Foucault, Michel 135–6
Franklin, Benjamin 133
Freedom 55, 58, 70, 72, 87, 114
And enslavement 39
And participation 62–4
And tyranny 124–5
Friendship (philia) 18, 41–5, 125
Monetary value of 42
Gender 28–38
And appearance 113–4
And monarchy 120–2
Generalship 51, 84–5, 95–6
Glaucon 16, 80–1
Gods 34, 53–4, 68, 74, 77–9, 87, 93–4, 108–11
Apollo 109–10
Artemis 8, 94
Athena 21–2, 79
Gorgias of Leontini 4–5
Gryllus (Xenophon's father) 4, 129
Gryllus (Xenophon's son) 8, 9
Hegemony 126–7
Heracles 111, 130
Choice of Heracles 5, 16, 29, 62–4, 130, 132, 135
Hermocrates 66
Hermogenes 7
Herodotus 12, 57, 109–10, 115–6, 121–3
Hesiod 26
Hetairai 23 n84, 28, 37
Hieron of Syracuse 16, 122–6
Hipparchia 28
Hippias of Elis 16, 61, 76–8
Historiography 12–15, 23
Homer 12, 21, 84–5
Iliad 34, 107
Odyssey 102
Shepherd analogy in 24, 107–8
Homonoia 51–2, 61
Homosexuality 26, 41
Homosociality 26, 41–5
Honour 51–3, 78, 81, 92, 97, 117
hoplites 73, 97–101
Horses 30, 32, 46
Horsemanship 4, 46, 49
Training 30, 96–7, 101
Household 26-50
Hunting 4, 43, 49–50, 106, 120, 129–30
Subsistence 49–50
As military training 53, 58–9
Imperialism 134
Inequality 52
Interpolations 60–61
Iphicrates 102
Ischomachus 26, 32–6, 46–8, 80
Isocrates 11, 71, 110, 124, 127
Jason of Pherae 14, 91
Jefferson, Thomas 133
Justice 16, 29, 53, 59–60, 67–8, 118, 120–1, 124
In Athens 6, 73–8
Kairos 93, 99, 119
kaloi kagathoi 3, 26, 44, 46–50, 92, 122
karteria 18
kingship see monarchy
knowledge 46, 63, 55, 108–9
monarchic 114, 116–20, 124, 128
women and 26, 31–4, 120–2
labour see ponos
Laconophilia 101
Lamprocles 29–30
Law 35, 73–8, 117
Natural 77
unwritten 74, 76–8
written 77–8, 117
leadership 18, 27, 116–20
Socratic 89–90
In democracy 51, 52–3
Military 84–5
Love 4, 43–5, 125–6
Lycon 44
Lycurgus (Spartan lawgiver) 11, 15, 38, 52, 57, 65
Lycurgus (Athenian politician) 81, 83
Lysander 15, 66, 70, 112, 116
Macedon 83, 123
Machiavelli, Niccolò 118 n43, 131–2, 135
Management 19, 31, 39, 47–50, 62, 80
Estate 27–8, 128–9
Studies 135
Mandane 59, 105, 120–1
Mania 105, 122
Marriage 4, 26-38, 115, 121
Medes 19, 87, 112–3, 115, 119, 120–1
Meno of Thessaly 15, 91–3
Mercenaries 7, 89, 96–7, 101–2, 125
Metics 82, 97
Mētis 117–20
Mining see silver
Mnasippus 101–2
Monarchy 58, 105–26
And the divine 93–4
Seclusion 115
Self-presentation 114–5, 120–1
Shepherding analogy 24, 106–8
Motherhood 29–30, 54
Nicias 4, 41
Niebuhr, Berthold Georg 10, 13, 15
Nomos
And physis 34
Non-Greek peoples 102–4
Oaths 10, 68, 79, 92
Obligation 57–8, 62–3, 116
Odysseus 118
‘Old Oligarch’ see [Xenophon]
Oligarchy 6, 65
Athens (411/10) 69–71, 73
Athens (404/3) 6–7, 13, 53, 65–6, 69–73, 74
Oracles 79, 109–10, 123
Order 26–8, 85–6
Orientalism 87, 115
paradeigma see exemplarity
Panhellenism 103–4, 127
Pantheia 22–23, 87, 105, 120–2
Participation, political 62–4
Pederasty 5, 41–4, 92–3
Performance 30
Pericles 4, 16, 32, 43, 51, 60, 126
As Alcibiades’ guardian 75–7
Pericles junior 10, 60, 67, 80, 95–6
Persia 110–6, 127
In Peloponnesian War 5–6
Decline 61
Education 57
Military 86–7
Persians 18
Pharnabazus 112, 122
Pheraulas 78, 99–100
Philosophy 3
Analytic 19–20
And personal life 28–30
Philostratus of Athens 130
philotimia 116–7
Phlius 86
phusis 34
piety 9, 29, 69, 93–4, 114
Piraeus 16, 83
Plato 3, 21, 24, 48, 105–9
Alcibiades 124
Euthydemus 105
Gorgias 63
Laws 53, 109
Lysis 16, 43–4
Phaedo 29
Protagoras 17
Republic 11, 17, 53, 63, 66, 108, 117, 124
Statesman 105, 108, 128
Symposium 10–11, 16–17, 44
Defending Socrates 29
Principle of specialisation 34
And women 38
Pleasure 37, 39–41, 44, 62–4, 91, 124–5
Plutarch 130
Politeia 11-12, 51, 57–61, 110–6
Athenian 60, 66, 72–3
Patrios politeia 60–1, 65, 71
Persian 57–9, 74, 112
Spartan 11-12, 15, 28, 38, 57, 59–60, 65, 74, 111
Polybius 13, 23
Ponos 39, 46–7, 49, 113
Women and 30–33, 38
poverty 46–7, 127
power 2, 8, 19, 59, 62–4, 71
of law 76
of monarchs 105, 110
Prodicus of Ceos 5, 64
Prostitution see sex work
Proxenus of Boeotia 5, 15, 91–2
pseudo-Xenophon see [Xenophon]
punishment 35, 51, 58–9, 62, 78, 106
quietism 47, 64, 80, 112, 130
realpolitik 72, 132
Religion 22, 78–80, 113–4
Rhetoric 5, 12, 24
Battle speeches 87
Russell, Bertrand 19
Sacrifice 8–9, 94, 96
Scillous 8–9, 94
Scipio Africanus 129
Self-control 17, 43–5, 55, 121–2, 135–6
Semonides 34
Seuthes 7
Sex work 33, 37, 43
Sexuality 26, 28, 36–7, 135–6
Appetites 40, 44–5, 103, 115
Sexual impropriety 23, 92–3
Sicilian Expedition 5, 21
Silius Italicus 130
Silver mining 39, 41, 82
Simonides 16, 123–6
Slavery 39–41
Enslaved workers 18, 34, 39, 82
As managers 39, 41
As political metaphor 24, 62
As moral metaphor 44, 55–6
Physical restraint of 40
Socrates 10, 20, 26
Daimonion 54, 74
As citizen 68, 74–5
As educator 5, 8, 45, 52–7, 61–5, 74, 96
Family life of 28–30
On leadership 84–5, 106–7, 135–6
Methodology 20, 125
Religious practice 53–4, 74–5
Socratic dialogue 15–20
Socratics 4, 7, 11, 21, 37, 106
Sophists 56–7
Sophrosune 17, 55–6
Sparta 5, 7–8, 21, 126–7
Constitution 35, 38
Education 8, 52–3, 95–6
Impiety 80
Military 93–4, 98, 100–2
Social arrangements 28, 38, 48, 57
Kingship 65, 93–4, 110–5
Ephors 65, 111
Spectacle 88
Stasis 6–7, 33, 61, 64, 65–7, 74, 78–9, 86
Sterne, Laurence 133
Strauss, Leo 19, 55, 134–5
Straussians 3, 19, 77 n65, 117
Symposia 30, 37, 44–5, 49
Syracuse 126
Taxation 82
taxis 17, 27–8, 35, 85
Teleutias 14–15, 91
Ten Thousand 12, 85–6, 94, 103–4, 130
Textiles 33, 36–7
Thebes 70, 80, 88
Sacred band 45
Themistocles 43
Theodote 28, 37–8, 43, 134
Theramenes 6, 60, 67, 69–73
Thibron 7–8
Thrasybulus 6, 67
Thrasymachus 63–4
Thucydides 3, 12, 13, 21–2, 60, 66, 73
Melian dialogue 126
Sicilian expedition 21, 69–70
Timotheus 51
Tissaphernes 7–8, 15
Tragedy 30, 31
Tyranny 76, 116, 122–6
Vice 92
Embodied 62–4
Virtue 36–7, 92, 106, 132
Embodied 62–4
Monarchic 114
Vlastos, Gregory 134
Wars
Corinthian 8, 88–9
Peloponnesian 3–6, 63, 65–71, 126–7
Social 9, 82
Trojan 57
Weaving 36–7
Women 29–38, 120–2
As managers 32–3
As wives 28
At home 31–8
Xanthippe 29–30
Xenophon
As exile 8, 62, 81, 89
As historian 12–15
Language 20–24, 88, 134
As leader 89–90
Life 3–11
Philosophy 15–20, 110-120
Politics 6–7
Reception of 128–36
Religion 9, 89
Writing career 10–12, 60
[Xenophon]
Constitution of the Athenians 11, 23
