Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T21:55:24.388Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Identification by RAMAN Microscopy of magnesian vivianite formed from Fe2+, Mg, Mn2+ and P043-’ in a Roman camp near fort Vechten, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2016

J.T. Kloprogge ,
D. Visser ,
W.N. Martens ,
L.V. Duong  and
R.L. frost
J.T. Kloprogge*
Affiliation:
Centre for Instrumental and Developmental Chemistry, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane Q 4001, Australia; E-mail:[email protected]
D. Visser
Affiliation:
Utrecht University Museum, Lange Nieuwstraat 106, 3512 PN Utrecht, The Netherlands
W.N. Martens
Affiliation:
Centre for Instrumental and Developmental Chemistry, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane Q 4001, Australia; E-mail:[email protected]
L.V. Duong
Affiliation:
Analytical Electron Microscopy Facility, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia
R.L. frost
Affiliation:
Centre for Instrumental and Developmental Chemistry, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane Q 4001, Australia; E-mail:[email protected]
*
*Corresponding author
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The presence of a magnesian vivianite (Fe2+)2.5(Mg,Mn,Ca)0.5(PO4)2·8H2O, has been identified in a soil sample from a Roman camp near Fort Vechten, The Netherlands, using a combination of Raman microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. An unsubstituted vivianite and baricite were characterised for comparative reasons. The split phosphate-stretching mode is recognised around 1115, 1062 and 1015 cm−1, while the corresponding bending modes are found around 591, 519, 471 and 422 cm−1. The substitution of Mg and Mn for Fe2+ in the crystal structure causes a shift towards higher wavenumbers compared to pure vivianite. As shown by the baričite sample substitution causes a broadening of the bands. The observed broadening however is larger than can be explained by substitution alone. The low intensity of the water bands, especially in the OH-stretching region between 2700 and 3700 cm−1 indicates that the magnesian vivianite is partially dehydrated, which explains the much larger broadening than the observed broadening caused by substitution of Mg and Mn in vivianite and baričite.

Keywords

baričiteiron phosphateRaman microscopyvivianite
Type
Research Article
Information
Netherlands Journal of Geosciences , Volume 82 , Issue 2 , July 2003 , pp. 209 - 214
Copyright
Copyright © Stichting Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 2003

Footnotes

#

Present address: Goudse Steen 15, 3961 XS Wijk bij Duurstede, The Netherlands

References

Agsten, K., 1965. Vivianite occurrence at Obernheim, Wuerttemberg. Jahresber. Mitt. Oberrheinischen Geol. Ver. 47: 91–96.Google Scholar
Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W. & Nichols, M.C., 2000. Arsenates, Phosphates, Vanadates. Mineral Data Publishing, (Tucson, Arizona): 680 pp.Google Scholar
Berg, S., Suchenwirth, H. & Weiner, K.L., 1967. Recent vivianite discovery at Walchensee/Obb. Naturwissenschaften 54: 199–200.Google Scholar
Bryant, R. & Laishley, E., 1993. The effect of inorganic phosphate and hydrogenase on the corrosion of mild steel. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 38: 824–827.Google Scholar
Deer, W.A., Howie, R.A. & Zussman, J., 1996. An introduction to the Rock-Forming Minerals. Addison Wesley Longman Ltd. (Harlow): 324–326.Google Scholar
Dell, C.I., 1973. Vivianite, an authigenic phosphate mineral in Great Lakes sediments. Proc. Conf. Gt. Lakes Res. 16: 1027–1028.Google Scholar
Frossard, E., Bauer, J.P. & Lothe, F., 1997. Evidence of vivianite in FeSO4-flocculated sludges. Water Research 31: 2449–2454.Google Scholar
Frost, R.L., Martens, W., Williams, P.A. & Kloprogge, J.T., 2002. Raman and infrared spectroscopic study of the vivianite-group phosphates vivianite, baricite and bobierrite. Mineralogical Magazine 66: 1063–1073.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gevork’yan, S.V. & Povarennykh, A.S., 1973. Vibrational spectra of some iron phosphate hydrates. Konstitutsiya i Svoistva Mineralov 7: 92–99.Google Scholar
Gevork’yan, S.V. & Povarennykh, A.S., 1980. Characteristics of the IR spectra of water molecules incorporated into phosphate and arsenate structures. Mineralogicheskii Zhurnal 2: 29–36.Google Scholar
Griffith, W.P., 1970. Raman studies on rock-forming minerals. II. Minerals containing MO3, MO4, and MO6 groups. Journal of the Chemical Society A: 286–291.Google Scholar
Hearn, P.P., Parkhurst, D.L. & Callender, E., 1983. Authigenic vivianite in Potomac River sediments: control by ferric oxyhydroxides. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 53: 165–177.Google Scholar
Henderson, G.S., Black, P.M., Rodgers, K.A. & Rankin, P.C., 1984. New data on New Zealand vivianite and metavivianite. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 27: 367–378.Google Scholar
Hunt, G.R., 1977. Spectral signatures of particulate minerals in the visible and near infrared. Geophysics 42: 501–513.Google Scholar
Hunt, G.R., Salisbury, J.W. & Lenhoff, C.J., 1972. Visible and near-infrared spectra of minerals and rocks. V. Halides, phosphates, arsenates, vanadates, and borates. Modern Geology 3: 121–132.Google Scholar
Kloprogge, T., Frost, R. & Lack, D., 1999. Non-Destructive identification of minerals by Raman microscopy. Chemistry in Australia: 40–44.Google Scholar
Machu, W. 1973. Reaction mechanism and mode of action of chelating and complexing agents during the preparation of conversion coatings of phosphates and oxalates. Werkstoffe und Korrosion 24: 361–365.Google Scholar
Mann, R.W., Feather, M.E., Tumosa, C.S., Holland, T.D. & Schneider, K.N., 1998. A blue encrustation found on skeletal remains of Americans missing in action in Vietnam. Forensic Science International 97: 79–86.Google Scholar
Manning, P.G., Jones, W. & Birchall, T., 1980. Moessbauer spectral studies of iron-enriched sediments from Hamilton Harbor, Ontario. Canadian Mineralogist 18: 291–299.Google Scholar
Manning, P.G., Murphy, T.P. & Prepas, E.E., 1991. Intensive formation of vivianite in the bottom sediments of mesotrophic Narrow Lake, Alberta. Canadian Mineralogist 29: 77–85.Google Scholar
Marincea, S., Constantinescu, E. & Ldriere, J., 1997. Relatively unoxidized vivianite in limnic coal from Capeni, Baraolt Basin, Romania. Canadian Mineralogist 35: 713–722.Google Scholar
McNeil, M. & McKay, J., 1994. Formation of vivianite during microbiologically influenced corrosion of steels. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings 333: 699–704.Google Scholar
Meeussen, J.C.L., Boer, G., Exaltus, R. & Kars, H., 1997. Effects of soil acidification and declining ground water tables on the decay of archeological features in sandy soils. Berichten van de Rijksdienst voor het Oudheidkundig Bodemonderzoek 42: 475–490.Google Scholar
Melendres, C.A., Camillone, N. III & Tipton, T., 1989. Laser Raman spectro-electrochemical studies of anodic corrosion and film formation on iron in phosphate solutions. Electrochimica Acta 34: 281–286.Google Scholar
Nakano, S., Imoto, T., Kodama, H. & Fujimoto, A., 1999. Vivianite in the clay beds of the Kobiwako Group from Shiga Prefecture, Japan. Shiga Daigaku Kyoikugakubu Kiyo, III: Shizen Kagaku 48:31–42.Google Scholar
Omori, K. & Seki, T., 1960. Infrared study of some phosphate minerals. Ganseki Kobutsu Kosho Gakkaishi 44: 7–13.Google Scholar
Piepenbrink, H., 1989. Examples of chemical changes during fossilization. Applied Geochemistry 4: 273–280.Google Scholar
Piriou, B. & Poullen, J.F., 1984. Raman study of vivianite. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15: 343–346.Google Scholar
Postma, D., 1981. Formation of siderite and vivianite and the porewater composition of a recent bog sediment in Denmark. Chemical Geology 31: 225–244.Google Scholar
Rodgers, K.A., 1987. Baracite, a further occurrence. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte: 183–192.Google Scholar
Rosenqvist, I.T., 1970. Formation of vivianite in holocene clay sediments. Lithos 3: 327–334.Google Scholar
Ross, S.D., 1972. Inorganic Infrared and Raman Spectra. McGraw-Hill Book Company (London): 140 pp.Google Scholar
Shimada, I. & Konno, H., 1971. Earthy vivianite from the Pleistocene lacustrine sediments in the Onikobe basin, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ., Ser. 3 11: 143.Google Scholar
Sitzia, R., 1966. Infrared spectra of some natural phosphates. Rend. Semin. Fac. Sci. Univ. Cagliari 36: 105–115.Google Scholar
Sturman, B.D. & Mandarino, J.A., 1976. Baricite, the magnesium analog of vivianite, from Yukon Territory, Canada. Canadian Mineralogist 14: 403–406.Google Scholar
Volkland, H.-P., Harms, H., Muller, B., Repphun, G., Wanner, O. & Zehnder, A.J.B., 2000. Bacterial phosphating of mild (unalloyed) steel. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66: 4389–4395.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weimer, P.J., Van Kavelaar, M.J., Michel, C.B. & Ng, T.K., 1988. Effect of phosphate on the corrosion of carbon steel and on the composition of corrosion products in two-stage continuous cultures of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 54: 386–396.Google Scholar