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500th Anniversary of the Peace Project of King George of Bohemia—1464-1964

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 May 2009

Václav Vaněček
Affiliation:
Charles University, Prague
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Extract

It was during the first world war that a Netherlands author, Dr. Jacob ter Meulen, published a study of one of the oldest documents in existence relating to the history of the age-old struggle for peace in Europe. The document concerned a project dating from the years 1462–1464, and linked with the name of King George of Bohemia, for the establishment of a universal organization for the maintenance of peace. Dr. ter Meulen deserves our gratitude inter alia for his attempt to portray this event in the context of world history.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © T.M.C. Asser Press 1965

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References

1. DrMeulen, Jacob Ter, Der Gedanke der internationalen Organisation in seiner Entwicklung 1300–1800, the Hague, 1917, pp. 108123, 343, etc.Google Scholar

2. Kapras, Jan, The Peace League of George Poděbrad, Prague, 1919Google Scholar; by the same author, Un ancêtre de la Société des nations, Prague, 1924Google Scholar; Mažuranič, V., in Ljetopis Jugoslavenske Akademije (Annals of the Yugoslav Academy) 1919, Zagreb, 1920, pp. 6582Google Scholar; Hobza, A., Úvod do mezinárodního práva mírového (Introduction to International Peace Law), Vol. I, Prague, 1923, esp. p. 215Google Scholar; Pogonowski, J., Projekt zwiazku wladców króla Jerzego z Podiebrad (The Project of a League of Rulers of King George of Poděbrady), Warsaw, 1932, esp. pp. 3550Google Scholar; Kliment, J., Svaz nándu Jifího z Poděbrad (The League of Nations of George of Poděbrady), Prague, 1935, esp. pp. 3356.Google Scholar

3. Zucker, A., “Jiří Poděbradský a českí mezinárodní styky v 15. století” (George of Podíbrady and Czech International Relations), Česká revue (in Czech Review), IV, 1901, p. 134Google Scholar; Schücking, W., Zeitschrift für Internationales Privat- und Öffentliches Recht, XIV, 1904, p. 553Google Scholar, and the same author in Festschrift für P. Laband, I, 1908, pp. 564568Google Scholar; compare with Lange, Ch. L., Histoire de l'Internationalisme, I, Kristiania, 1919, pp. 112113.Google Scholar

4. See e.g. Ledermann, L., Les précurseurs de l'Organisation internationale, Neuchãtel, 1945Google Scholar; Hemleben, J., Plans for World Peace Through Six Centuries, Chicago, 1945, 3rd ed., 1945Google Scholar; Reibstein, E., Völkerrecht. Eine Geschichte seiner Ideen, Vol. I, Freiburg—München, 1958.Google Scholar

5. Comp. the exceflent study by Koretski, V. M., “Proyekt Yuriya Podiebrada ob organizatsii mira i bezopasnosti” (The Project of George of Poděbrady Concerning an Organization for Peace and Security), Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Otdel. ekonomiki i prava (Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Dept. of Economy and Law), No. 5, 1946, pp. 382396.Google Scholar

6. Op. cit. (see footnote No. 4), p. 58.Google Scholar

7. Vaněček, V., “Deux projets tchèques des XVe et XVIIe siècles relatifs à l'organisation universelle de la paix: Projets du roi Georges de Podebrady et de J. A. Komensky”, La Paix II, Recueils de la Société Jean Bodin, XV, Bruxelles, 1961, pp. 199218.Google Scholar

8. Vaněček, V., “Eine Weltfriedensorganisation nach den Vorschlägen des böhmischen Königs Georg von Podiebrad und nach den Ideen des J. A. Comenius.”, Sitzungsberichte der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. Klasse für Philosophie etc., 1963, No. 2, Berlin, 1963.Google Scholar

9. The Universal Peace Organization of King George of Bohemia. A Fifteenth Century Plan for World Peace, 1st ed., Prague, 1964Google Scholar. A second, revised and supplemented edition was published in the same year by the Publishing House of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences.—This English publication contains a translation of King George's document in English, Russian, French and Spanish. A simultaneously published Czech version contains a Czech translation of King George's project.—The document, bearing the authentic Latin heading “Tractatus pacis toti christianitati fiendae”, was edited by jiří Kejrř, ibid., pp. 67–80.

10. Vaněček, V., “Historical Significance of the Peace Project of King George of Bohemia and the Research Problems Involved”Google Scholar, ibid., pp. 9–66.

11. Outrata, Vladimír, “Une tentative de création d'un système de sécurite céollective au XVe siècle”, Bulletin de droit tchécoslovaque, 1963/3, Prague, 1964, pp. 125150Google Scholar; the English version of the same article was published under the title “A 15th Century attempt to Create a System of Collective Security” in the Bulletin of Czechoslovak Law, 1963/3, Prague, 1964.Google Scholar

12. Právněhistorické stadie (Studies in Legal History), IX, 1963, Prague, 1964, pp. 249 ff.Google Scholar

13. Katona, Štěpán, Historia critica regum Hungariae, vol. VII (14), 1792, p. 705Google Scholar. For more detail see the publication listed above in footnotes Nos. 9 and 10, especially pp. 47–49.

14. Most recently in the studies by Outrata, Vladimír (see footnote No. 11) and Žourek, Jaroslav, Le projet du roi Georges du Podiebrad, Annuaire Français de Droit International, X, 1964, Paris, pp. 1437.Google Scholar

15. Archiv Český, VIII, Prague, 1883, pp. 425445Google Scholar. A good English translation of this source was made by A. H. Wratislaw under the title Diary of an Embassy from King George of Bohemia to King Louis XI of France in the Year of Grace 1464, London, 1871, pp. 180.Google Scholar

16. Gomp., The Universal Peace Organization of King George of Bohemia, 2nd ed., p. 62Google Scholar, Chapter 9, “Some Problems Still Awaiting Solution”.