Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T17:59:02.518Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A tale of two independence movements: how do citizens encounter issues of international law and democratic theory?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

Ekaterina Levintova*
Affiliation:
Department of Democracy and Justice Studies, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI, USA

Abstract

Foreign policy events, including secessionism and independence movements, become objectified for most citizens through media coverage. Accordingly, I look at the coverage of Kosovo's and Scotland's bids for independence in the two top national newspapers, The New York Times and The Washington Post. Scholarship in international law, democratic theory, and comparative politics might have valuable insights on independence processes, but it is the media frames inspired by these strands of theoretical literature that shape public opinion and/or reflect policy-makers’ preferences (and biases) in the foreign policy arena. I find that print media can engage in theoretically sophisticated coverage of secessionist movements, which often echoes scholarly insights derived from the relevant academic literature. The two European case studies show consistent application of tropes and frames that one would find in the academic publications on the subject. Yet these cases also illustrate profound differences in media framing not reducible to objective legal and political differences between the two events. US foreign policy considerations also appear to play a role in explaining variance in media frames.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © 2017 Association for the Study of Nationalities 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References

Banai, Ayelet. 2013. “Political Self-determination and Global Egalitarianism: Towards an Intermediate Position.” Social Theory and Practice 39 (1) (July): 4570.Google Scholar
Baubock, Rainer. 2000. “Why Stay Together? A Pluralist Approach to Secession and Federation.” In Citizenship in Diverse Societies, edited by Kymlicka, William and Norman, Wayne J., 366394. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Baum, Matthew A. 2003. Soft News Goes to War: Public Opinion and American Foreign Policy in the New Media Age. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Baum, Matthew A., and Potter, Phillip B. K. 2008. “The Relationships Between Mass Media, Public Opinion, and Foreign Policy: Toward a Theoretical Synthesis.” Annual Review of Political Science 11 (3) (June): 3965.Google Scholar
Begleiter, Ralph. 1995. “The Impact of the Media on International Law and Relations.” Proceedings of the Annual Meeting-American Society of International Law 89: 119127.Google Scholar
Bennett, W. Lance, Lawrence, Regina G., and Livingston, Steven. 2007. When the Press Fails: Political Power and the News Media from Iraq to Katrina. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Bernard, Nick. 2002. Multilevel Governance in the European Union. The Hague: Kluwer Law International.Google Scholar
Buchanan, Allen. 2003. Justice, Legitimacy and Self-determination: Moral Foundations for International Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bulmer, Simon, Burch, Martin, Carter, Caitriona, Hogwood, Patricia, and Scott, Andrew. 2002. British Devolution and European Policymaking: Transforming Britain into Multi-level Governance. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Bunce, Valerie. 1999. Subversive Institutions: The Design and the Destruction of Socialism and the State. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cohen, Bernard. 1963. The Press and Foreign Policy. New York: Harcourt.Google Scholar
Csergo, Zsuzsa. 2013. “Kosovo and the Framing of Non Secessionist Self-government Claims in Romania.” Europe-Asia Studies 65 (5) (July): 889911.Google Scholar
Entman, Robert M. 1989. “How Media Affect What People Think: An Information Processing Approach.” The Journal of Politics 51 (2) (May): 347370.Google Scholar
Entman, Robert M. 2004. Projections of Power. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity 2013. Country Profile: Kosovo. http://www.europeanforum.net/country/kosovo.Google Scholar
Focarelli, Carlo. 2012. International Law as Social Construct: The Struggle for Global Justice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Fox, Gregory H. 1995. “Self-determination in the Post-Cold War Era: A New Internal Focus?Michigan Journal of International Law 16 (3) (Spring): 733781.Google Scholar
Freeman, Michael. 1999. “The Right to Self-determination in International Politics: Six Theories in Search of a Policy.” Review of International Studies 25 (3) (July): 355370.Google Scholar
Gamble, John K., and Dirling, Nicole L. 2006. “Mass Media Coverage of International Law: (Benign) Neglect? Distortion?Florida Journal of International Law 18 (1): 211300.Google Scholar
Guiliano, Elise. 2006. “Secessionism from the Bottom Up: Democratization, Nationalism, and Local Accountability in the Russian Transition.” World Politics 58 (2) (January): 276310.Google Scholar
Hale, Henry. 2004. “Divided We Stand: Institutional Sources of Ethnofederal State Survival and Collapse.” World Politics 56 (2): 165193.Google Scholar
Harff, Barbara, and Gurr, Ted D. 2004. Ethnic Conflict in World Politics. 2nd ed. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Holsti, Ole R. 1969. Content Analysis for Social Sciences and Humanities. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
Hooghe, Liesbet, and Marks, Gary. 2001. Multi-level Governance and European Integration. Washington, DC: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 2004. “Constitutional Design for Divided Societies.” Journal of Democracy 15 (2): 96109.Google Scholar
Loughlin, John, Eliseo, Aja, Bullmann, Udo, Hendricks, Frank, Lindstrom, Anders, and Sieler, Daniel-L. 2001. Subnational Democracy in the European Union: Challenges and Opportunities. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lustick, Ian S., Miodownik, Dan, and Eidelson, Roy J. 2004. “Secessionism in Multiethnic States: Does Sharing Power Prevent or Encourage It?American Political Science Review 98 (2) (May): 209229.Google Scholar
Malyarenko, Tetyana, and Galbreath, David J. 2013. “Crimea: Competing Self-determination Movements and the Politics at the Centre.” Europe-Asia Studies 65 (5) (July): 912928.Google Scholar
McCombs, Maxwell E., and Shaw, Donald L. 1972. “The Agenda-setting Function of Mass Media.” The Public Opinion Quarterly 36 (2) (Summer): 176187.Google Scholar
McCrone, David. 2012. “Scotland Out of the Union? The Rise and Rise of the Nationalist Agenda.” The Political Quarterly 83 (1) (January-March): 6976.Google Scholar
Mehler, Andreas. 2014. “Why Federalism Did Not Lead to Secession in Cameroon.” Ethnopolitics 13 (1): 4866.Google Scholar
Morgan, Kevin. 2003. Multi-level Governance in the European Union. Cardiff: Welsh Academic Press.Google Scholar
National Records of Scotland 2013. “Ethnic Groups in Scotland: 2001 and 2011.” In Scotland's Census. http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/documents/censusresults/release2a/rel2asbtable2.pdf.Google Scholar
Reese, Teresa, and Chaney, Paul. 2011. “Equality and Human Rights: Evaluating the First Decade of Devolution in Wales.” Social Policy and Society 10 (2) (April): 219228.Google Scholar
Roeder, Phillip G., and Rothchild, Donald. 2005. Sustainable Peace: Power and Democracy after Civil Wars. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Rosenberry, Philippe. 2013. “Mass Violence and the Recognition of Kosovo: Suffering and Recognition.” Europe-Asia Studies 65 (5) (July): 857873.Google Scholar
Scottish Government 2012. History of Devolution. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/About/Factfile/18060/11550.Google Scholar
Simeon, Richard. 2009. “Debating Secession Peacefully and Democratically: The Case of Canada.” In Democracies in Danger, edited by Stepan, Alfred, 4156. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
Whitehead, Laurence. 2001. The International Dimensions of Democratization: Europe and the Americas. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Wolff, Stefan, and Rodt, Annemarie P. 2013. “Self Determination after Kosovo.” Europe-Asia Studies 65 (5) (May): 799822.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2008a. “Kosovo Declares Its Independence from Serbia.” New York Times, February 18. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/18/world/europe/18kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2008b. “Serbs Continue to Push for Control of Northern Kosovo.” New York Times, February 21. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/21/world/europe/21kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2010. “World Court Rules Kosovo Declaration Was Legal.” New York Times, July 22. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/23/world/europe/23kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013a. “5 Are Convicted in Kosovo Organ Trafficking.” New York Times, April 29. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/30/world/europe/in-kosovo-5-are-convicted-in-organ-trafficking.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013b. “European Union Officer Killed in Kosovo.” New York Times, September 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/20/world/europe/european-union-officer-is-killed-in-kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013c. “Kosovo Attains Status (on Facebook) It Has Sought for Years: Nation.” New York Times, December 12. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/13/world/europe/kosovo-seeking-recognition-follows-the-crowd-to-facebook-social-media.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013d. “No Deal Yet in Talks to Reduce Strife Between Serbia and Kosovo.” New York Times, April 17. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/18/world/europe/no-deal-yet-in-serbia-and-kosovo-talks-to-ease-tensions.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013e. “Kosovo and Serbia near Deal.” New York Times, April 17. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/18/world/europe/18iht-kosovo18.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2014. “For Crimea, Secession Is Only as Good as Recognition.” New York Times, March 15. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/16/world/europe/for-crimea-secession-is-only-as-good-as-recognition.html.Google Scholar
Bowring, Philip. 2008. “What about All the Other Kosovos?” New York Times, November 8. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/18/opinion/18iht-edbowring.1.10143318.html.Google Scholar
Bradsher, K. 2008. “In Asian Reaction to Kosovo Declaration, Fears of Secession.” New York Times, February 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/19/world/asia/19asia.html.Google Scholar
Brunwasser, M. 2011a. “Determined to Bring Out the Truth in Kosovo.” New York Times, November 29. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/30/world/europe/30iht-letter30.html?_r=0.Google Scholar
Brunwasser, Matthew. 2011b. “Kosovo's Serbs Pressed to End Autonomy Push.” New York Times, September 29. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/26/world/europe/26iht-kosovo26.html.Google Scholar
Cohen, Roger. 2008. “A Change to Believe In.” February 21. New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/21/opinion/21 cohen.html.Google Scholar
Hoge, Warren. 2007a. “Russia Objects to UN Plan for Kosovo as ‘One-sided.'” New York Times, March 20. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/20/world/europe/20nations.html.Google Scholar
Hoge, Warren. 2007b. “UN Security Council to Review Draft on Kosovo Independence.” New York Times, May 11. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/11/world/europe/11kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Jeremic, Vuk. 2008. “One Nation, Indivisible.” New York Times, February 27. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/27/opinion/27jeremic.html.Google Scholar
Kulish, Nicholas. 2008. “Serbian Rage in Kosovo: Last Gasp, Or First Breath?” New York Times, February 25. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/25/world/europe/25serbia.html.Google Scholar
Kulish, Nicholas, and Chivers, C. J. 2008. “Kosovo Is Recognized, But Rebuked by Others.” New York Times, February 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/19/world/europe/19kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Montague, James. 2014. “Once Ignored, Kosovo Exits Sports Limbo.” New York Times, December 15. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/16/sports/kosovo-savors-an-olympic-victory-two-years-before-the-torch-is-lit.html?ref=topics.Google Scholar
Preston, Julia. 2007. “UN Report Urges Independence for Kosovo.” New York Times, March 27. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/27/world/europe/27nations.html.Google Scholar
Rubin, James P. 2013. “Syria Is Not Kosovo.” New York Times, September 4. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/05/opinion/syria-is-not-kosovo.html?_r.Google Scholar
Wood, Nicholas. 2007. “Hints of New Kosovo Talks.” New York Times, June 16. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/16/world/europe/l 6kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Crowder, Nicole. 2015. “A Tale of Two Cities: The River Separating Ethnic Groups in Kosovo.” Washington Post, February 5. http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/in-sight/wp/2015/02/05/a-tale-of-two-cities-the-river-separating-ethnic-groups-in-kosovo/.Google Scholar
Finn, Peter. 2008. “In Visit to Kosovo, Gates Underlines US Support.” Washington Post, October 8. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/10/07/AR2008100702918.html.Google Scholar
Holbrooke, Richard. 2007. “Russia's Test in Kosovo.” Washington Post, March 13. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/12/AR2007031200972.html.Google Scholar
Kramer, Mark. 2008. “Welcome to Kosovo, the Next Failed State?” Washington Post, March 2. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/02/28/AR2008022802558.html.Google Scholar
Lynch, Colum. 2007. “UN Mediator Calls for Kosovo Independence.” Washington Post, March 21. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/20/AR2007032001795.html.Google Scholar
Pincus, Walter. 2007. “Bush, Putin Agree to Continue Talks on Kosovo's Future.” Washington Post, May 29. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/28/AR2007052801229.html.Google Scholar
Podesta, John. 2007. “Standing with Kosovo Again.” Washington Post, July 23. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/22/AR2007072200883.html.Google Scholar
Sheridan, Mary Beth. 2010. “In Kosovo, Crazy for Clintons.” Washington Post, October 13. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/10/13/AR2010101301968.html.Google Scholar
Sudetic, Chuck. 2011. “The Hidden Crimes of Kosovo.” Washington Post, January 8. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/07/AR2011010705928.html.Google Scholar
Taylor, Adam. 2014. “What History Can Tell Us about Russia, Crimea, and Vladimir Putin.” Washington Post, March 18. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/03/18/what-history-can-tell-us-about-russia-crimea-and-vladimir-putin/.Google Scholar
Toal, Gerard, and O'Loughlin, John. 2014. “How People in South Ossetia, Abkhazia and Transnistria Feel about Annexation by Russia.” Washington Post, March 20. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/monkey-cage/wp/2014/03/20/how-people-in-south-ossetia-abkhazia-and-transnistria-feel-about-annexation-by-russia/.Google Scholar
Vasovic, Aleksandar. 2013. “Kosovo Vote, Key to Serb Integration, Marred by Violence and Boycott.” Washington Post, November 3. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/kosovo-vote-key-to-serb-integration-marred-by-violence-and-boycott/2013/11/03/3adfc36e-44b7-11e3-a196-3544a03c2351_story.html.Google Scholar
Voeten, Erik. 2014. “What Is So Great About ‘Territorial Integrity’ Anyway?” Washington Post, March 17. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/monkey-cage/wp/2014/03/17/what-is-so-great-about-territorial-integrity-anyway/.Google Scholar
Vujacic, Ivan. 2007. “Kosovo's Serbs Have Reason to Be Wary.” Washington Post, July 31. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/30/AR2007073001559.html.Google Scholar
Whitlock, Craig. 2009. “Despite Its Troubles, Kosovo Offers a Model for Nation-Builder.” Washington Post, December 1. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/11/30/AR2009113003859.html.Google Scholar
Bennhold, Katrin. 2014a. “A Victory for Democracy in Scotland.” New York Times, September 23. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/world/europe/a-victory-for-democracy-in-scotland.html.Google Scholar
Bennhold, Katrin. 2014b. “Reading the Future of Scotland in the Stars.” New York Times, July 22. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/23/world/europe/reading-the-future-of-scotland-in-the-stars.html.Google Scholar
Bowley, Graham. 2008. “A Spat in the Family.” New York Times, August 31. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/31/weekinre view/31bowley.html.Google Scholar
Brown, Gordon. 2014. “Why Scotland Should Stick with Britain.” New York Times, September 5. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/07/opinion/sunday/why-scotland-should-stick-with-britain.html.Google Scholar
Castle, Stephen, and Cowell, Alan. 2014. “Rival British Leaders Campaign in Unity Against Independence for Scotland.” New York Times, September 10. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/11/world/europe/scotland-referendum.html.Google Scholar
Cohen, Roger. 2012. “Scottexalonia Rising.” New York Times, November 26. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/27/opinion/catalonia-texas-and-scotland-move-toward-independence.html.Google Scholar
Cohen, Roger. 2014a. “Auchtermuchy to England.” New York Times, September 11. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/12/opinion/roger-cohen-scotland-may-consign-great-britain-to-history.html.Google Scholar
Cohen, Roger. 2014b. “We the People of Scotland.” New York Times, September 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/20/opinion/roger-cohen-we-the-people-of-scotland.html.Google Scholar
Cowell, Alan, and Stephen, Castle. 2014. “After Losing Scottish Independence Vote, Alex Salmond Will Resign.” New York Times, September 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/20/world/europe/scotland-independence-vote-no.html?_r=0.Google Scholar
Cummings, Alan. 2014. “Scotland's Moment of Destiny.” New York Times, September 17. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/18/opinion/alan-cumming-scotlands-moment-of-destiny.html?_r=0.Google Scholar
Dixon, Hugo. 2014. “Scottish Independence Vote Could Set Off EU Exodus.” New York Times, May 11. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/12/business/international/scottish-independence-vote-could-set-off-eu-exodus.html.Google Scholar
Board, Editorial. 2014. “Scotland's Identity, Put to a Vote.” New York Times, September 3. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/04/opinion/scotlands-identity-put-to-a-vote.html.Google Scholar
Erlanger, Steven. 2014a. “A Kingdom Still Whole, But Far from United.” New York Times, September 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/20/world/europe/in-scotlands-no-vote-an-emphatic-yes-for-change-in-britain.html.Google Scholar
Erlanger, Steven. 2014b. “Bracing for Change on Scotland's Border, Whatever the Referendum Result.” New York Times, September 13. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/14/world/europe/scottish-independence-referendum-berwick-upon-tweed.html.Google Scholar
Erlanger, Steven. 2014c. “Long Road from Fringe to Scottish Independence.” New York Times, September 16. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/17/world/europe/long-road-from-fringe-to-scottish-referendum.html.Google Scholar
Erlanger, Steven, and Bennhold, Katrin. 2014. “Scottish Vote Weighs Pride Against Risks.” New York Times, September 17. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/18/world/europe/scotland-independence-referendum.html.Google Scholar
Erlanger, Steven, and Cowell, Alan. 2014. “Scotland Rejects Independence from United Kingdom.” New York Times, September 18. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/19/world/europe/scotland-independence-vote.html.Google Scholar
Ingber, Hanna. 2014. “Scottish Referendum Could Hinge on the Undecided.” New York Times, September 16. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/17/world/europe/scotland-independence.html.Google Scholar
Irwin, Neil. 2014. “Why Does Scotland Want Independence? It's Culture vs. Economics.” New York Times, September 9. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/10/upshot/why-does-scotland-want-independence-its-culture-vs-economics.html.Google Scholar
Kaletsky, Anatole. 2014. “Scottish Independence Would Ripple Through Europe.” New York Times, September 11. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/12/business/international/scottish-independence-would-ripple-through-europe.html.Google Scholar
Lai, K. K. Rebecca, Fairfield, Hannah, and Gates, Guilbert. 2014. “Scottish Independence Vote Balances Politics and Economics.” New York Times, September 16. http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/09/16/world/europe/scotland-independence-vote-balances-politics-and-economics.html.Google Scholar
Schmemann, Serge. 2014. “A Peaceful Decision in Scotland, But Misery Elsewhere.” New York Times, September 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/21/opinion/sunday/a-peaceful-decision-in-scotland-but-misery-elsewhere.html.Google Scholar
Taylor, Paul. 2014. “Scotland's Vote Could Rekindle Other Separatist Movements.” New York Times, September 15. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/16/business/international/scotlands-vote-could-rekindle-other-separatist-movements.html.Google Scholar
Waters, Timothy W. 2014. “How to Handle Secession.” New York Times, September 23. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/opinion/what-spain-can-learn-from-scotlands-referendum.html.Google Scholar
Adam, Karla. 2014a. “Heartache for Those Dreaming of Scottish Independence.” Washington Post, September 19. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/heartache-for-those-dreaming-of-scottish-independence/2014/09/19/151fda21-968f-4553-a32e-def411dbb0bc_story.html.Google Scholar
Adam, Karla. 2014b. “Last Ditch Campaigning to Save Great Britain.” Washington Post, September 9. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/last-ditch-campaigning-to-save-great-britain/2014/09/09/495e1651-b175-4a86-9f9f-8ae3ec33a59c_story.html.Google Scholar
Board, Editorial. 2012. “Scottish Independence Vote Is Part of Worrying Trend.” Washington Post. October 30. http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/scottish-independence-vote-is-part-of-worrying-trend/2012/10/30/4c320fb2-1896-11e2-a55c-39408fbe6a4b_story.html.Google Scholar
Gold, Matea. 2014. “Scottish Village Copes with Heartbreak after Defeat of Independence Referendum.” Washington Post, September 20. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/scottish-village-copes-with-heartbreak-after-defeat-of-independence-referendum/2014/09/20/e11bd6d2-4092-11e4-9587-5dafd96295f0_story.html.Google Scholar
Lublin, David. 2015. “Making Together Better for Scotland and the UK.” Washington Post, February 18. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/monkey-cage/wp/2015/02/18/making-together-better-for-scotland-and-the-uk/.Google Scholar
Moyer, Justin. 2014. “Critics Say the BBC Can't Be Objective About Scotland's Independence Referendum.” Washington Post, September 12. http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2014/09/12/critics-say-the-bbc-cant-be-objective-about-scottish-independence-referendum/.Google Scholar
Robertson, George. 2014a. “Scotland's Secession Could Lead to Re-Balkanization of Europe.” Washington Post, January 5. http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/scotland-secession-could-lead-to-re-balkanization-of-europe/2014/01/05/df076e94-578e-11e3-8304-caf30787c0a9_story.html.Google Scholar
Robertson, Graeme. 2014b. “Scotland Votes to Stay. For Now.” Washington Post, September 19. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/monkey-cage/wp/2014/09/19/scotland-votes-to-stay-for-now/.Google Scholar
Somin, Ilya. 2014a. “A Few Links on the Issues at Stake in the Vote on Scotland's Potential Secession from the United Kingdom.” Washington Post, September 18. http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2014/09/18/a-few-links-on-the-issues-at-stake-in-the-vote-on-scotlands-potential-secession-from-the-united-kingdom/.Google Scholar
Somin, Ilya. 2014b. “Scotland Votes to Reject Independence But the United Kingdom Still May Never Be the Same Again.” Washington Post, September 19. http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2014/09/19/scotland-votes-to-reject-independence-but-the-united-kingdom-still-may-never-be-the-same-again/.Google Scholar
Somin, Ilya. 2014c. “The Scottish Government's Proposed Interim Constitution for Independent Scotland.” Washington Post, September 16. http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2014/09/16/the-scottish-governments-proposed-interim-constitution-for-an-independent-scotland/.Google Scholar
Taylor, Adam. 2014a. “Ukrainian Rebel Leader Says Scotland's Vote Could Have Been Rigged.” Washington Post, September 19. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/09/19/ukrainian-rebel-leader-say s-scotlands-independence-vote-could-have-been-rigged/.Google Scholar
Taylor, Adam. 2014b. “Would Britons Be British Without Scotland?” Washington Post, September 9. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/09/09/would-britons-be-british-without-scotland/.Google Scholar
Tharoor, Ishaan. 2014. “The Peculiar History of Scotland and England's Union.” Washington Post, September 19. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/09/11/the-peculiar-history-of-scotland-and-englands-union/.Google Scholar
Will, George F. 2014. “George Will: Scotland's Epic Vote on Independence from the United Kingdom.” Washington Post, September 12. http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/george-will-scotlands-epic-vote-on-independence-from-the-united-kingdom/2014/09/12/b459a85a-39e3-11e4-8601-97ba88884ffd_story.html.Google Scholar
Witte, Griff, and Adam, Karla. 2014. “In Decisive Vote, Scotland Rejects Independence, Sticks with the UK.” Washington Post, September 19. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/in-decisive-vote-scotland-rejects-independence-sticks-with-the-uk/2014/09/19/dd4505e0-e71e-45ae-aa8d-6fa4a8a1dbe1_story.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2008a. “Kosovo Declares Its Independence from Serbia.” New York Times, February 18. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/18/world/europe/18kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2008b. “Serbs Continue to Push for Control of Northern Kosovo.” New York Times, February 21. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/21/world/europe/21kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2010. “World Court Rules Kosovo Declaration Was Legal.” New York Times, July 22. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/23/world/europe/23kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013a. “5 Are Convicted in Kosovo Organ Trafficking.” New York Times, April 29. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/30/world/europe/in-kosovo-5-are-convicted-in-organ-trafficking.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013b. “European Union Officer Killed in Kosovo.” New York Times, September 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/20/world/europe/european-union-officer-is-killed-in-kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013c. “Kosovo Attains Status (on Facebook) It Has Sought for Years: Nation.” New York Times, December 12. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/13/world/europe/kosovo-seeking-recognition-follows-the-crowd-to-facebook-social-media.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013d. “No Deal Yet in Talks to Reduce Strife Between Serbia and Kosovo.” New York Times, April 17. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/18/world/europe/no-deal-yet-in-serbia-and-kosovo-talks-to-ease-tensions.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013e. “Kosovo and Serbia near Deal.” New York Times, April 17. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/18/world/europe/18iht-kosovo18.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2014. “For Crimea, Secession Is Only as Good as Recognition.” New York Times, March 15. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/16/world/europe/for-crimea-secession-is-only-as-good-as-recognition.html.Google Scholar
Bowring, Philip. 2008. “What about All the Other Kosovos?” New York Times, November 8. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/18/opinion/18iht-edbowring.1.10143318.html.Google Scholar
Bradsher, K. 2008. “In Asian Reaction to Kosovo Declaration, Fears of Secession.” New York Times, February 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/19/world/asia/19asia.html.Google Scholar
Brunwasser, M. 2011a. “Determined to Bring Out the Truth in Kosovo.” New York Times, November 29. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/30/world/europe/30iht-letter30.html?_r=0.Google Scholar
Brunwasser, Matthew. 2011b. “Kosovo's Serbs Pressed to End Autonomy Push.” New York Times, September 29. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/26/world/europe/26iht-kosovo26.html.Google Scholar
Cohen, Roger. 2008. “A Change to Believe In.” February 21. New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/21/opinion/21 cohen.html.Google Scholar
Hoge, Warren. 2007a. “Russia Objects to UN Plan for Kosovo as ‘One-sided.'” New York Times, March 20. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/20/world/europe/20nations.html.Google Scholar
Hoge, Warren. 2007b. “UN Security Council to Review Draft on Kosovo Independence.” New York Times, May 11. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/11/world/europe/11kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Jeremic, Vuk. 2008. “One Nation, Indivisible.” New York Times, February 27. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/27/opinion/27jeremic.html.Google Scholar
Kulish, Nicholas. 2008. “Serbian Rage in Kosovo: Last Gasp, Or First Breath?” New York Times, February 25. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/25/world/europe/25serbia.html.Google Scholar
Kulish, Nicholas, and Chivers, C. J. 2008. “Kosovo Is Recognized, But Rebuked by Others.” New York Times, February 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/19/world/europe/19kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Montague, James. 2014. “Once Ignored, Kosovo Exits Sports Limbo.” New York Times, December 15. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/16/sports/kosovo-savors-an-olympic-victory-two-years-before-the-torch-is-lit.html?ref=topics.Google Scholar
Preston, Julia. 2007. “UN Report Urges Independence for Kosovo.” New York Times, March 27. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/27/world/europe/27nations.html.Google Scholar
Rubin, James P. 2013. “Syria Is Not Kosovo.” New York Times, September 4. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/05/opinion/syria-is-not-kosovo.html?_r.Google Scholar
Wood, Nicholas. 2007. “Hints of New Kosovo Talks.” New York Times, June 16. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/16/world/europe/l 6kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2008a. “Kosovo Declares Its Independence from Serbia.” New York Times, February 18. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/18/world/europe/18kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2008b. “Serbs Continue to Push for Control of Northern Kosovo.” New York Times, February 21. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/21/world/europe/21kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2010. “World Court Rules Kosovo Declaration Was Legal.” New York Times, July 22. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/23/world/europe/23kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013a. “5 Are Convicted in Kosovo Organ Trafficking.” New York Times, April 29. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/30/world/europe/in-kosovo-5-are-convicted-in-organ-trafficking.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013b. “European Union Officer Killed in Kosovo.” New York Times, September 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/20/world/europe/european-union-officer-is-killed-in-kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013c. “Kosovo Attains Status (on Facebook) It Has Sought for Years: Nation.” New York Times, December 12. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/13/world/europe/kosovo-seeking-recognition-follows-the-crowd-to-facebook-social-media.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013d. “No Deal Yet in Talks to Reduce Strife Between Serbia and Kosovo.” New York Times, April 17. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/18/world/europe/no-deal-yet-in-serbia-and-kosovo-talks-to-ease-tensions.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2013e. “Kosovo and Serbia near Deal.” New York Times, April 17. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/18/world/europe/18iht-kosovo18.html.Google Scholar
Bilefsky, Dan. 2014. “For Crimea, Secession Is Only as Good as Recognition.” New York Times, March 15. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/16/world/europe/for-crimea-secession-is-only-as-good-as-recognition.html.Google Scholar
Bowring, Philip. 2008. “What about All the Other Kosovos?” New York Times, November 8. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/18/opinion/18iht-edbowring.1.10143318.html.Google Scholar
Bradsher, K. 2008. “In Asian Reaction to Kosovo Declaration, Fears of Secession.” New York Times, February 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/19/world/asia/19asia.html.Google Scholar
Brunwasser, M. 2011a. “Determined to Bring Out the Truth in Kosovo.” New York Times, November 29. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/30/world/europe/30iht-letter30.html?_r=0.Google Scholar
Brunwasser, Matthew. 2011b. “Kosovo's Serbs Pressed to End Autonomy Push.” New York Times, September 29. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/26/world/europe/26iht-kosovo26.html.Google Scholar
Cohen, Roger. 2008. “A Change to Believe In.” February 21. New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/21/opinion/21 cohen.html.Google Scholar
Hoge, Warren. 2007a. “Russia Objects to UN Plan for Kosovo as ‘One-sided.'” New York Times, March 20. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/20/world/europe/20nations.html.Google Scholar
Hoge, Warren. 2007b. “UN Security Council to Review Draft on Kosovo Independence.” New York Times, May 11. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/11/world/europe/11kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Jeremic, Vuk. 2008. “One Nation, Indivisible.” New York Times, February 27. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/27/opinion/27jeremic.html.Google Scholar
Kulish, Nicholas. 2008. “Serbian Rage in Kosovo: Last Gasp, Or First Breath?” New York Times, February 25. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/25/world/europe/25serbia.html.Google Scholar
Kulish, Nicholas, and Chivers, C. J. 2008. “Kosovo Is Recognized, But Rebuked by Others.” New York Times, February 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/19/world/europe/19kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Montague, James. 2014. “Once Ignored, Kosovo Exits Sports Limbo.” New York Times, December 15. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/16/sports/kosovo-savors-an-olympic-victory-two-years-before-the-torch-is-lit.html?ref=topics.Google Scholar
Preston, Julia. 2007. “UN Report Urges Independence for Kosovo.” New York Times, March 27. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/27/world/europe/27nations.html.Google Scholar
Rubin, James P. 2013. “Syria Is Not Kosovo.” New York Times, September 4. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/05/opinion/syria-is-not-kosovo.html?_r.Google Scholar
Wood, Nicholas. 2007. “Hints of New Kosovo Talks.” New York Times, June 16. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/16/world/europe/l 6kosovo.html.Google Scholar
Crowder, Nicole. 2015. “A Tale of Two Cities: The River Separating Ethnic Groups in Kosovo.” Washington Post, February 5. http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/in-sight/wp/2015/02/05/a-tale-of-two-cities-the-river-separating-ethnic-groups-in-kosovo/.Google Scholar
Finn, Peter. 2008. “In Visit to Kosovo, Gates Underlines US Support.” Washington Post, October 8. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/10/07/AR2008100702918.html.Google Scholar
Holbrooke, Richard. 2007. “Russia's Test in Kosovo.” Washington Post, March 13. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/12/AR2007031200972.html.Google Scholar
Kramer, Mark. 2008. “Welcome to Kosovo, the Next Failed State?” Washington Post, March 2. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/02/28/AR2008022802558.html.Google Scholar
Lynch, Colum. 2007. “UN Mediator Calls for Kosovo Independence.” Washington Post, March 21. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/20/AR2007032001795.html.Google Scholar
Pincus, Walter. 2007. “Bush, Putin Agree to Continue Talks on Kosovo's Future.” Washington Post, May 29. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/28/AR2007052801229.html.Google Scholar
Podesta, John. 2007. “Standing with Kosovo Again.” Washington Post, July 23. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/22/AR2007072200883.html.Google Scholar
Sheridan, Mary Beth. 2010. “In Kosovo, Crazy for Clintons.” Washington Post, October 13. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/10/13/AR2010101301968.html.Google Scholar
Sudetic, Chuck. 2011. “The Hidden Crimes of Kosovo.” Washington Post, January 8. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/07/AR2011010705928.html.Google Scholar
Taylor, Adam. 2014. “What History Can Tell Us about Russia, Crimea, and Vladimir Putin.” Washington Post, March 18. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/03/18/what-history-can-tell-us-about-russia-crimea-and-vladimir-putin/.Google Scholar
Toal, Gerard, and O'Loughlin, John. 2014. “How People in South Ossetia, Abkhazia and Transnistria Feel about Annexation by Russia.” Washington Post, March 20. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/monkey-cage/wp/2014/03/20/how-people-in-south-ossetia-abkhazia-and-transnistria-feel-about-annexation-by-russia/.Google Scholar
Vasovic, Aleksandar. 2013. “Kosovo Vote, Key to Serb Integration, Marred by Violence and Boycott.” Washington Post, November 3. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/kosovo-vote-key-to-serb-integration-marred-by-violence-and-boycott/2013/11/03/3adfc36e-44b7-11e3-a196-3544a03c2351_story.html.Google Scholar
Voeten, Erik. 2014. “What Is So Great About ‘Territorial Integrity’ Anyway?” Washington Post, March 17. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/monkey-cage/wp/2014/03/17/what-is-so-great-about-territorial-integrity-anyway/.Google Scholar
Vujacic, Ivan. 2007. “Kosovo's Serbs Have Reason to Be Wary.” Washington Post, July 31. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/30/AR2007073001559.html.Google Scholar
Whitlock, Craig. 2009. “Despite Its Troubles, Kosovo Offers a Model for Nation-Builder.” Washington Post, December 1. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/11/30/AR2009113003859.html.Google Scholar
Bennhold, Katrin. 2014a. “A Victory for Democracy in Scotland.” New York Times, September 23. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/world/europe/a-victory-for-democracy-in-scotland.html.Google Scholar
Bennhold, Katrin. 2014b. “Reading the Future of Scotland in the Stars.” New York Times, July 22. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/23/world/europe/reading-the-future-of-scotland-in-the-stars.html.Google Scholar
Bowley, Graham. 2008. “A Spat in the Family.” New York Times, August 31. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/31/weekinre view/31bowley.html.Google Scholar
Brown, Gordon. 2014. “Why Scotland Should Stick with Britain.” New York Times, September 5. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/07/opinion/sunday/why-scotland-should-stick-with-britain.html.Google Scholar
Castle, Stephen, and Cowell, Alan. 2014. “Rival British Leaders Campaign in Unity Against Independence for Scotland.” New York Times, September 10. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/11/world/europe/scotland-referendum.html.Google Scholar
Cohen, Roger. 2012. “Scottexalonia Rising.” New York Times, November 26. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/27/opinion/catalonia-texas-and-scotland-move-toward-independence.html.Google Scholar
Cohen, Roger. 2014a. “Auchtermuchy to England.” New York Times, September 11. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/12/opinion/roger-cohen-scotland-may-consign-great-britain-to-history.html.Google Scholar
Cohen, Roger. 2014b. “We the People of Scotland.” New York Times, September 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/20/opinion/roger-cohen-we-the-people-of-scotland.html.Google Scholar
Cowell, Alan, and Stephen, Castle. 2014. “After Losing Scottish Independence Vote, Alex Salmond Will Resign.” New York Times, September 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/20/world/europe/scotland-independence-vote-no.html?_r=0.Google Scholar
Cummings, Alan. 2014. “Scotland's Moment of Destiny.” New York Times, September 17. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/18/opinion/alan-cumming-scotlands-moment-of-destiny.html?_r=0.Google Scholar
Dixon, Hugo. 2014. “Scottish Independence Vote Could Set Off EU Exodus.” New York Times, May 11. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/12/business/international/scottish-independence-vote-could-set-off-eu-exodus.html.Google Scholar
Board, Editorial. 2014. “Scotland's Identity, Put to a Vote.” New York Times, September 3. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/04/opinion/scotlands-identity-put-to-a-vote.html.Google Scholar
Erlanger, Steven. 2014a. “A Kingdom Still Whole, But Far from United.” New York Times, September 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/20/world/europe/in-scotlands-no-vote-an-emphatic-yes-for-change-in-britain.html.Google Scholar
Erlanger, Steven. 2014b. “Bracing for Change on Scotland's Border, Whatever the Referendum Result.” New York Times, September 13. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/14/world/europe/scottish-independence-referendum-berwick-upon-tweed.html.Google Scholar
Erlanger, Steven. 2014c. “Long Road from Fringe to Scottish Independence.” New York Times, September 16. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/17/world/europe/long-road-from-fringe-to-scottish-referendum.html.Google Scholar
Erlanger, Steven, and Bennhold, Katrin. 2014. “Scottish Vote Weighs Pride Against Risks.” New York Times, September 17. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/18/world/europe/scotland-independence-referendum.html.Google Scholar
Erlanger, Steven, and Cowell, Alan. 2014. “Scotland Rejects Independence from United Kingdom.” New York Times, September 18. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/19/world/europe/scotland-independence-vote.html.Google Scholar
Ingber, Hanna. 2014. “Scottish Referendum Could Hinge on the Undecided.” New York Times, September 16. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/17/world/europe/scotland-independence.html.Google Scholar
Irwin, Neil. 2014. “Why Does Scotland Want Independence? It's Culture vs. Economics.” New York Times, September 9. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/10/upshot/why-does-scotland-want-independence-its-culture-vs-economics.html.Google Scholar
Kaletsky, Anatole. 2014. “Scottish Independence Would Ripple Through Europe.” New York Times, September 11. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/12/business/international/scottish-independence-would-ripple-through-europe.html.Google Scholar
Lai, K. K. Rebecca, Fairfield, Hannah, and Gates, Guilbert. 2014. “Scottish Independence Vote Balances Politics and Economics.” New York Times, September 16. http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/09/16/world/europe/scotland-independence-vote-balances-politics-and-economics.html.Google Scholar
Schmemann, Serge. 2014. “A Peaceful Decision in Scotland, But Misery Elsewhere.” New York Times, September 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/21/opinion/sunday/a-peaceful-decision-in-scotland-but-misery-elsewhere.html.Google Scholar
Taylor, Paul. 2014. “Scotland's Vote Could Rekindle Other Separatist Movements.” New York Times, September 15. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/16/business/international/scotlands-vote-could-rekindle-other-separatist-movements.html.Google Scholar
Waters, Timothy W. 2014. “How to Handle Secession.” New York Times, September 23. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/opinion/what-spain-can-learn-from-scotlands-referendum.html.Google Scholar
Adam, Karla. 2014a. “Heartache for Those Dreaming of Scottish Independence.” Washington Post, September 19. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/heartache-for-those-dreaming-of-scottish-independence/2014/09/19/151fda21-968f-4553-a32e-def411dbb0bc_story.html.Google Scholar
Adam, Karla. 2014b. “Last Ditch Campaigning to Save Great Britain.” Washington Post, September 9. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/last-ditch-campaigning-to-save-great-britain/2014/09/09/495e1651-b175-4a86-9f9f-8ae3ec33a59c_story.html.Google Scholar
Board, Editorial. 2012. “Scottish Independence Vote Is Part of Worrying Trend.” Washington Post. October 30. http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/scottish-independence-vote-is-part-of-worrying-trend/2012/10/30/4c320fb2-1896-11e2-a55c-39408fbe6a4b_story.html.Google Scholar
Gold, Matea. 2014. “Scottish Village Copes with Heartbreak after Defeat of Independence Referendum.” Washington Post, September 20. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/scottish-village-copes-with-heartbreak-after-defeat-of-independence-referendum/2014/09/20/e11bd6d2-4092-11e4-9587-5dafd96295f0_story.html.Google Scholar
Lublin, David. 2015. “Making Together Better for Scotland and the UK.” Washington Post, February 18. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/monkey-cage/wp/2015/02/18/making-together-better-for-scotland-and-the-uk/.Google Scholar
Moyer, Justin. 2014. “Critics Say the BBC Can't Be Objective About Scotland's Independence Referendum.” Washington Post, September 12. http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2014/09/12/critics-say-the-bbc-cant-be-objective-about-scottish-independence-referendum/.Google Scholar
Robertson, George. 2014a. “Scotland's Secession Could Lead to Re-Balkanization of Europe.” Washington Post, January 5. http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/scotland-secession-could-lead-to-re-balkanization-of-europe/2014/01/05/df076e94-578e-11e3-8304-caf30787c0a9_story.html.Google Scholar
Robertson, Graeme. 2014b. “Scotland Votes to Stay. For Now.” Washington Post, September 19. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/monkey-cage/wp/2014/09/19/scotland-votes-to-stay-for-now/.Google Scholar
Somin, Ilya. 2014a. “A Few Links on the Issues at Stake in the Vote on Scotland's Potential Secession from the United Kingdom.” Washington Post, September 18. http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2014/09/18/a-few-links-on-the-issues-at-stake-in-the-vote-on-scotlands-potential-secession-from-the-united-kingdom/.Google Scholar
Somin, Ilya. 2014b. “Scotland Votes to Reject Independence But the United Kingdom Still May Never Be the Same Again.” Washington Post, September 19. http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2014/09/19/scotland-votes-to-reject-independence-but-the-united-kingdom-still-may-never-be-the-same-again/.Google Scholar
Somin, Ilya. 2014c. “The Scottish Government's Proposed Interim Constitution for Independent Scotland.” Washington Post, September 16. http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2014/09/16/the-scottish-governments-proposed-interim-constitution-for-an-independent-scotland/.Google Scholar
Taylor, Adam. 2014a. “Ukrainian Rebel Leader Says Scotland's Vote Could Have Been Rigged.” Washington Post, September 19. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/09/19/ukrainian-rebel-leader-say s-scotlands-independence-vote-could-have-been-rigged/.Google Scholar
Taylor, Adam. 2014b. “Would Britons Be British Without Scotland?” Washington Post, September 9. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/09/09/would-britons-be-british-without-scotland/.Google Scholar
Tharoor, Ishaan. 2014. “The Peculiar History of Scotland and England's Union.” Washington Post, September 19. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/09/11/the-peculiar-history-of-scotland-and-englands-union/.Google Scholar
Will, George F. 2014. “George Will: Scotland's Epic Vote on Independence from the United Kingdom.” Washington Post, September 12. http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/george-will-scotlands-epic-vote-on-independence-from-the-united-kingdom/2014/09/12/b459a85a-39e3-11e4-8601-97ba88884ffd_story.html.Google Scholar
Witte, Griff, and Adam, Karla. 2014. “In Decisive Vote, Scotland Rejects Independence, Sticks with the UK.” Washington Post, September 19. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/in-decisive-vote-scotland-rejects-independence-sticks-with-the-uk/2014/09/19/dd4505e0-e71e-45ae-aa8d-6fa4a8a1dbe1_story.html.Google Scholar